... enhancement ofheattransfer heated
surface to the working fluid. In the present work experimental investigations has been carried out to
study the effect of a gap in the inclined rib on the heattransfer ... Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at
M.A.N.I.T. Bhopal (M.P.) INDIA. He received Ph D degree from IIT Roorkee , INDIA. He is working in
the area ofheattransfer and ... the heated wall in transverse, inclined, V-continuous and V- discrete
pattern. Int. Journal ofHeat Mass Transfer 2003; 30(2): 241-250.
[17] Bhagoria J.L. and Sahu M.M. Augmentation ofheat transfer...
... L. Tien, HeatTransfer Mechanisms during Short-Pulse Laser Heating of
Metals, ASME J. Heat Transfer, vol. 115, pp. 835–841, 1993.
5. T. Q. Qiu and C. L. Tien, Femtosecond Laser Heating of Multi-Layer ... amount of superheating and
that a distinct melt phase develops with duration of the order of nanoseconds.
INTRODUCTION
In the last few years, the use of femtosecond lasers in materials processing ... Laser
Heating, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, vol. 44, pp. 1725–1734, 2001.
10. L S. Kuo and T. Q. Qiu, Microscale Energy Transfer during Picosecond Laser Melting of
Metal Films, Proc. 31st Natl. Heat...
... in order
to influence their behavior. In an advice to the former US Secretary of Defense
regarding ‘the creation and dissemination of all forms of information in support
of [PSYOPS] in time of ... alarming concentration of the ownership
of mainstream commercial media, with a small handful of multinational med-
ia conglomerates dominating all sectors of the entertainment industry (Jenkins
2007).
What ... player positioning by context is i mportant. In line with Odin’s ‘extrinsic’
form of pragmatics and Jenkins’s model of convergence culture, we have to take
into account that players of Food Force...
... current DA tagging as
a work in progress.
4.3.3 Zone coding
Each of the five main areas had a correspond-
ing set of subzones. A subzone is a building, a
room within a building, or any other ... activities (quest-
ing, competing, fighting, etc.) and communicate
via chat or speech using assumed screen names.
We collected a corpus of 48 group quests in
Second Life that jointly involved 206 ... corresponding se-
ries of progressive moments in time portraying en-
try into the Bank subzone as represented in RAT. In
the annotation, each avatar name is recorded in or-
der of its entry into the subzone...
...
1
THE INTERNET INEVERYDAY LIFE: AN INTRODUCTION
Caroline Haythornthwaite and Barry Wellman
Draft of chapter to appear in The Internet inEveryday Life,
edited by Barry Wellman & Caroline ... ship of the Internet
– as well as Canada, Britain, Germany, India, Japan and globally that examine the impact of “the
Internet” ineveryday life. The authors have in common the acceptance of ... authors in this book, that
the integration of Internet use with everydaylife – and the concomitant development of synergies
between online and offline life – may provide beneficial outcomes.
BRINGING...
...
establish or maintain situations or states of domination. Foucault dened
a situation or state of domination as one in which “an individual or social
group succeeds in blocking a eld of power relations, ... basis of test results (Cooper 2003: 5). In addition, the Clinton
administration’s reinvention of welfare in 1996 made those convicted of
drug oenses ineligible for welfare benets in the form of ... structures of belief used to
justify drug testing. A recent decline of positive drug tests in military test-
ing programs, for instance, is attributed to greater administration of tests.
Most testing...
... maintain the rotation of the cylinder at a constant angular velocity
W
in infinite
fluid, it is necessary to apply the following time-dependent angular momentum
per unit length of the cylinder: ... contain tables with exact solutions of the heat equation. In
addition, the equation of convective diffusion, the continuity equation, equations
of motion in some curvilinear orthogonal coordinate ... straining flow:
This flow can be obtained in the Taylor device, consisting of four rotating cylinders [474,475]. Note
that flow
2'
is the same as flow
3'
but in a different coordinate...
... (a) -in. aluminum,
(b) -in. stainless steel with a 1 -in thick layer of
fiberglass insulation on the inside, and (c) of sandwich
construction with a -in thick layer of stainless
steel, a 1 -in thick ... mechanisms ofheattransfer have been
treated separately. In practice, however, heat is usually transferred by several of the
basic mechanisms occurring simultaneously. For example, in the winter, heat ... defined in terms of the local value by
(1.12)
For most engineering applications, we are interested in average values. Typical val-
ues of the order of magnitude of average convection heat transfer...
... PROCESSING OF METAL 229
HEATTRANSFERIN FEMTOSECOND LASER
PROCESSING OF METAL
Ihtesham H. Chowdhury and Xianfan Xu
School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University,
West Lafayette, Indiana, ... L. Tien, HeatTransfer Mechanisms during Short-Pulse Laser Heating of
Metals, ASME J. Heat Transfer, vol. 115, pp. 835–841, 1993.
5. T. Q. Qiu and C. L. Tien, Femtosecond Laser Heating of Multi-Layer ... Laser
Heating, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, vol. 44, pp. 1725–1734, 2001.
10. L S. Kuo and T. Q. Qiu, Microscale Energy Transfer during Picosecond Laser Melting of
Metal Films, Proc. 31st Natl. Heat...
... the increase of the
atomic kinetic energy in laser heating, atoms vibrate more in the
crystal region, causing a lower peak of the number density of
atoms and a wide distribution. As laser heating ... are
obtained. First, during picosecond laser heating, the heat
transfer process predicted using the continuum approach agrees
with the result of the MD simulation. Second, when melting
happens, ... Study of Light-to -heat Absorption
Mechanism in atomic Systems," International Journal ofHeat
and Mass Transfer, 41, pp. 839-849.
3. Häkkinen, H., and Landman, U., 1993, "Superheating,...
... the increase of the
atomic kinetic energy in laser heating, atoms vibrate more in the
crystal region, causing a lower peak of the number density of
atoms and a wide distribution. As laser heating ... metal interaction in two
steps including photon energy absorption in electrons and
lattice heating through interaction with electrons. A large body
of the MD simulation of laser material interaction ... of
predicting the heating process induced by a picosecond laser
pulse.
Laser Induced Phase Change
In this section, various phenomena accompanying phase
change in an argon target illuminated...
... the increase of the
atomic kinetic energy in laser heating, atoms vibrate more in the
crystal region, causing a lower peak of the number density of
atoms and a wide distribution. As laser heating ... Study of Light-to -heat Absorption
Mechanism in atomic Systems," International Journal ofHeat
and Mass Transfer, 41, pp. 839-849.
3. Häkkinen, H., and Landman, U., 1993, "Superheating, ... expand in space when
heated. Therefore, more heat is stored in the form of potential
energy and resulting in a larger specific heat.
The specific heat at constant volume is calculated in the...