... Unsurprisingly, uptake in these countries is high (as well as in
Sweden and the US). In the UK it is much lower but rising (de Cock and
71HIV in pregnancy
4
HIV in pregnancy: ethicalissuesin screening ... contravene existing guide-
lines – in particular, the Declaration of Helsinki (World Medical Association,
1996) and the international ethical guidelines for biomedical research involv-
ing human subjects ... 12: 21–6.
UK Intercollegiate Working Party for Enhancing Voluntary ConWdential HIV Testing
in Pregnancy (1998). Reducing Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Infection in the
United Kingdom. London:...
... in the context of ethicalissues in
withdrawing life-sustaining treatment. He writes, ‘Life-sustaining treatment
implies that treatment is being given in order to maintain or create the best
possible ... now face a growing number of controversial issues
involving human reproduction. To illustrate the variety of issues, consider
the following three scenarios. In the Wrst case, involving a pregnant ... according to the
view in question, infants lack a right to life. However, this is at odds with our
moral intuitions, according to which infants have moral interests that deserve
protection, including...
... which
15 3Ethical issuesin embryo interventions and cloning
9
Ethical issuesin embryo interventions
and cloning
Franc¸oise ShenWeld
Centre for Medical Ethics, UCL Medical School, London, UK
Introduction
Although ... stimulating debate.
15 7Ethical issuesin embryo interventions and cloning
Conclusion
Cloning is only one example, among the many discussed in this chapter, of
ethical dilemmas in the new reproductive ... pertinent.
Indeed if dignity has to be deWned in any essential manner, as it must be if
enshrined in international declarations, it is the unique quality of all human
beings, also recognized in...
... developmental morbidity in
children less than 26 weeks gestation at 2.5 years of age. Pediatric Research 45: 259A.
34 5Ethical issuesin withdrawing life-sustaining treatment
interest at the time ... 21.1. Ethicalissuesin withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from handicapped
neonates – in the presence of uncertainty.
light of the best scientiWc knowledge available. The future for the infant ... be severe gastrointestinal abnormalities and renal
agenesis making death inevitable from renal failure within a very few days.
Consideration of withholding or withdrawing life-saving medical treat-
ment...
... encounter.
In what follows I describe diVerent methods of fetal termination in
multiple gestation, and critique the terminology used in discussing these
methods. The perspective I bring to this ... the administration of infertility drugs, if ultrasound
monitoring indicated maturation of multiple follicle cells (Manier, 1998:
p. 1). At that point, clinicians might have declined to administer ... (DiVerent feminist standpoints are supported by feminist standpoint
theory, which I have described and defended in Mahowald, 1995a.)
Within the context of that imperative, targeting some fetuses...
... NPY
feeding systems are dysfunctional in anorectic
tumor-bearing rats. NPY injected intrahypo-
thalamically stimulated feeding less potently
in rats bearing methylcholanthrene-induced
sarcoma than in ... al.
Leptin-regulated endocannabinoids are involved
in maintaining food intake. Nature
2001;410:822-825.
125. Tanaka Y, Eda H, Fujimoto K, et al.
Anticachectic activity of 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouri-
dine in ... signal.
76,77
Convergent information suggests that CRF
may be involved in triggering changes in
gastrointestinal motility observed during stress
exposure. CRF may induce delayed gastric
emptying and gastric...
... of research question, influences on the
funding of some research projects (and not others), influences on the outcome of research (i.e.,
findings), and influences on the dissemination of research ... miners in terms of the “frame” of
numbers of coal miners, the health of miners appears to be diminishing. That is, coal mine deaths, per
thousand coal-mine employees in the US, have been increasing ... more interesting if students address issues,
pollutants, workplaces, and problems faced in their own communities. Such emphases will bring ethical
issues “home.”
Module 7: EthicalIssues in...
... what
sense of best? Clinical best? Moral best?
Tensions between medicine and nursing are increasingly coming to
the fore in the field of health care research. In the past, says Blackburn
in chapter 5, ... discovery in the
GEOFFREY HUNT 11
Noddings’ work might be expected to have something important to say
for nursing ethics. She distinguishes between natural caring and ethical
caring and maintains that ... questions. But
Noddings recognised that prior conditions must be met for ethical
caring. Hanford speaks of nursing having to practise in a ‘chronically
ethically diminished state’. Nursing administration...
... hereafter invented,
including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system,
without permission in writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication ... participate in such struggles, since doing so
would only lead to frustration and discomfort. Such things should be
avoided. Walking away from such involvement is only maximising
Ethical issuesin social ... available in this series:
Ethical Issuesin Journalism and the Media
edited by Andrew Belsey and Ruth Chadwick
Genetic Counselling
edited by Angus Clarke
Ethical Issuesin Nursing
edited...
... importance of ageing in the increase in health
expenditures per capita during the period from 1940 to 1990 in the United States. He
found that that ageing, in the sense of an increasing proportion ... are increasing in age, but
also that the rates of increase in per capita health spending are greatest for the older
groups.
B. Changes in Age Distribution and changes in Health Spending ... that the changing age-distribution in favor of the
elderly reflects two influences – increased life expectancy at older ages and a bulge in the
population resulting from declining infant mortality,...
... largely according to Figure 1.1.
Although, from reading about research, it
is
easy to think about a single project
beginning and ending at specific points of time, there is, in the research world, ... needed in the laboratory, in dealing with
those who need convincing that the research is necessary, and in arranging details of
the design which will ensure valid results whilst retaining cooperation ... when interpreting results and evaluating one's research.
The articles covered in the survey cited by Valentine did not exactly set a shining
example. Probably
85%
used inadequate sampling...
... specified in a research proposal. The second looks at the politics
of researchin clinical settings and other organizations, in particular how research
in such settings can easily come to grief. Ethical ... is feasible in your intended research setting , considering what is
practicable in terms of measurement and research design, and conducting pilot
studies. This process of refining the research questions ... getting a
research project started:
choosing a topic and formulating the research
questions or hypotheses;
searching the literature;
writing a proposal and applying for funding; and
dealing with...
... title,
‘Emerging Issuesin International Business Research . The purpose of this
forum was to bring together both leading scholars and young rising stars in
international business studies in order ... Cataloging in Publication Data
Emerging issuesin international business research / edited by Masaaki Kotabe and
Preet S. Aulakh.
p. cm. — (New horizons in international business series)
“The Institute ... Fox School of
Business and Management, Temple University sponsored the inaugural
International Business Research Forum on ‘Emerging Issuesin International
Business Research during April 7-8,...
... Policy, February 1, 1999.
INTEGRATING RESEARCH AND OPERATIONAL MISSIONS IN SUPPORT OF CLIMATE RESEARCH 7
7
1
Integrating Research and Operational Missions in
Support of Climate Research
That Earth’s ... National Research Council.
National Academy of Sciences
National Academy of Engineering
Institute of Medicine
National Research Council
INTEGRATING RESEARCH AND OPERATIONAL MISSIONS IN SUPPORT ... Skin Bulk Skin
Expected SST accuracy (K) 0.55 0.40 0.50 0.30
NOTE: Acronyms are defined in Appendix B.
18 ISSUESIN THE INTEGRATION OF RESEARCH AND OPERATIONAL SATELLITE SYSTEMS FOR CLIMATE RESEARCH
TABLE...
... purchasing decision.
The insight gained from perceptual mapping and conjoint analysis can be a valuable asset in marketing
decision making. These techniques can help you gain insight into your ... specialized marketing research methods. This
chapter discusses two families of specialized marketing research methods, perceptual mapping and
conjoint analysis. Perceptual mapping methods produce ... catalog.
∗
There are a few missing designs in 108 runs. I would welcome help in making them.
23
Preface
Marketing ResearchMethodsin SAS discusses experimental design, disc rete choice, conjoint
analysis, and...