... She's carrying
(or was carrying) a bag full of shopping
We can also use the present simple and present continuous like this in
commentaries (for example, on sports events) and in giving instructions:
• ... including our own behaviour:
• They're constantly having parties until the early hours of the morning.
We use the past continuous (see Unit 6) in the same way:
• He was forever including me in ... finished at a
particular point in time before now, we don't use the present perfect continuous:
• I was reading until midnight last (not I have been reading )
• • She had been living in...
...
point to & points to pointing to pointed to pointed to
1. point to p.v. When you indicate people or things with your hand or a finger, you point
to them. When an arrow or a sign indicates ... in 1871, a few buildings survived.
The owner was arrested for deliberately
burning
his factory
down.
call in
call in & calls in
calling in
called in
called in
1. call in ... serious, formal speech or writing. But these informal phrasal
verbs are important because they are very common in everyday informal speech and
writing.
Some phrasalverbs are very easy to understand....
... to use it with their students.
Verbs: infinitives, -ing forms, etc.
Verbs with and without objects
37 Verb + to-infinitive or bare infinitive
38 Verb + to-infinitive or -ing?
39 Verb + -ing
40 ... to die )
D We often use be to + infinitive in //-clauses to say that something must take place first (in the main
clause) before something else can take place (in the //-clause):
• are to survive ... that-clauses
46 Reporting statements (3): verb tense in the reporting clause; say and tell; etc.
47 Reporting offers, suggestions, orders, intentions, etc.
48 Should in that-clauses
49 Modal verbs in...
... Phrasalverbs are used more frequently in everyday speech
than in formal, official writing or speaking.”
2. How to study Englishphrasalverbs effectively
2.1. Studying phrasalverbs through combination ... phrasalverbs through pairs of synonym
_ Studying phrasalverbs through topic
V. Analysis and Interpretation
1. Definitions of phrasal verbs
There are a variety of definitions of phrasal verbs
1.1. ... however, may contain direct and indirect objects in addition to
the phrasal verbs. Phrasalverbs are particularly frequent in the English
language. A phrasal verb often has a meaning which is different...
...
to use the book
To the teacher
1
Use the Introductory unit before any other units in the book. This should
take about
45
-
60
minutes of classroom time. All the remaining units
contain ... with multi
-
word verbs can be used in a
Grammar Auction
game.
To the student working independently
1
Read and listen to the presentation reading and listening texts. using the
cassette ... sense that multi
-
word verbs are a vital
component of English, and spoken Englishin particular. There is also the
feeling that an understanding of common idioms will increase their
comprehension,...
... completely, banging her head
against the wall and screaming.
FREE
freed, freed, freeing
1
I
free up
I
s~
I
free
I
sth
I
up
I
to make something such as time or money
available to be used, by not using it ... flinched
from his duty.
172
flinch from doing sth Ruth knew that she
must notflinch from telling him the truth.
FLING
~ung,~ung,~inging
fling into
[fling yourself into
I
sth
I
to suddenly begin ... cleansing.
165
FINE
FIND
found, found, finding
I
find against
1
5
8
formal
if a judge, court etc finds against some-
one, they decide that the person has lost
their case: If the judge finds against...