emission zero discharge cleaner production waste minimization pollution prevention design for environment material substitution dematerialization and process substitution
... consumption andmaterial balances for environmental auditing; Cleaner production, materials substitution, and dematerialization; Zero emission, decarbonization, waste minimization, andpollution prevention; ... political, and ecological research disciplines 1.9 1.9.1 ZERO EMISSION, ZERO DISCHARGE, CLEANER PRODUCTION, WASTE MINIMIZATION, POLLUTION PREVENTION, DESIGNFOR ENVIRONMENT, MATERIAL SUBSTITUTION, DEMATERIALIZATION, ... ANDPROCESSSUBSTITUTION Terminologies and Policy Promotion The terms of zero emission, zero discharge, cleaner production, waste minimization, pollution prevention, designfor environment, material...
... catalytic decomposition of H2O2 and dye removal were suggested in Table and Figure Similar mechanism for surface catalysed H2O2 decomposition in the presence of sand was suggested by Miller et ... Ultraviolet Light/Hydrogen Peroxide, Fenton’s Reagent, and Titanium Dioxide-Assisted Photocatalysis Hazard Waste Mater., 10, 107-149 Watts R.J and Udell M.D and Monsen R.M (1993) Use of Iron Minerals in ... radical which is generated as a result of the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and FeOOH is wasted, not to be used for dye removal That is, produced OH radical can be scavenged by FeOOH itself...
... were performed with HPLC-ED to determine if, and to what extent, H2O2 was generated during the autoxidations and tyrosinase-mediated oxidations of tyrosine, DOPA, and dopamine This sensitive and ... system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA), filtrated on Acrodisc LC13 PVDF 0.2 lm and immediately used or kept at °C for a maximum period of h and then discarded Reaction mixtures and enzyme assays Substrate ... elucidate the etiology of certain pigmentation disorders, and to better understand the factors underlying melanoprotective and melanocytotoxic processes [10,19] It is now generally acknowledged that...
... by the silk gland cells and is localized to the cavity of ASGs [19,20] The silk gland and the salivary gland are homologous organs [21], and both produce silk protein [22] Therefore, it is possible ... strongly and equally expressed in ASGs and middle silk glands but not in posterior silk glands (Fig 3C, inset) During the fourth and fifth instar, GOD expression in ASGs was strong in IV2 and V0 ... Ringer’s solution, and (E) in ASG extracts [mean ± standard deviation, n = 13 for (A) and n = for (B)–(E)] (F) Developmental profile of GOD expression, as determined by RT-PCR, and the presence...
... of 66 min, and room temperature (18-21 ◦ C) The reactor was closed at the top for controlling the gas atmosphere andfor gas analysis The experiments were performed at pH 3.0 (influent and the solution ... range and formation of peroxide species at the catalyst surface for both rutile and anatase crystal forms Additional FT-IR analysis showed that these Ti-peroxo species were very reactive for both ... these reactions e− and h+ refer to conduction band electron and valence band hole, respectively, generated during the photoexcitation process (reaction (1)) On the other hand, htr + (see reaction...
... were heated at 45 °C for 15–60 min, and then the cells were further incubated at 37 °C for h Cell viability (A), phosphatidylserine externalization and nuclear morphology (B), and rates of apoptosis ... groups cytosol, in which cytochrome c forms a complex with Apaf-1 and procaspase-9, and activates procaspase-9 and procaspase-3 successively [25–27] Therefore, we next examined whether caspase-9 ... exposed to 0.5 mM H2O2 for h, and then the cells were further incubated in fresh medium at 37 °C for h The cells were then harvested, and were fractionated into cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions...
... chimeric APXs for ascorbate ranged from 160 to 259 lm, and those for hydrogen peroxide from 31 to 56 lm These values were similar to those of APX-B and the stromal APX of spinach For chimeric ... roughly estimated at 5–30% Km values for ascorbate and hydrogen peroxide and wavelengths of the Soret peak of chimeric APXs are listed in Table The values for the stromal APX of spinach determined ... 435 nm (108 mm)1Æcm)1) and 434 nm (102 mm)1Æcm)1) with the b-peak at 555 and 556 nm, respectively A cyanide complex of the oxidized form gave peaks at 420 nm (112 mm)1Æcm)1) and 420 nm (109 mm)1Æcm)1)...
... Jeon, K Kamisako / Materials Letters 62 (2008) 3903–3905 the use of a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) Results and discussion For the fabrication ... oxide film-coated glass substrate, and its properties were analyzed through XRD and FE-SEM measurement Fig shows the XRD pattern of the metal oxide film (a) before and (b) after hydrogen radical treatment ... with the other peaks On the other hand, hydrogen radical treatment was performed on the substrate for at 400 °C to fabricate the metal nanocrystal catalysts As for the XRD results after hydrogen...
... concentrations (2 M for HRP and 0.25 M for LPO) showed extensive modication of substrate The HPLC chromatogram showed two main peaks at 11.1 and 11.3 min, and minor peaks for unreacted and six other ... latter reaction competes with phenol nitration and gives rise to the dimeric and oligomeric phenol coupling products shown Materials and methods Materials and instrumentation Bovine lactoperoxidase ... The difference in kcat =KM for phenol PhOH nitration and dimer formation depends largely on the KM values, which are much smaller for nitration (Table 4) than for dimer formation in the normal peroxidase...
... absorption shifts from 395 to 408 nm for the Soret band and from 535 nm to 522 and 551 nm for the Q bands (Fig 3A, traces a and b) MP8II is known to be relatively unstable and to undergo complete bleaching ... catalase and aliquots were analysed as described in Materials and methods for measurements of cyanamide 2, urea 3, NO and NO Results are expressed in lM of products formed under the conditions used and ... substrates for NOS and they can form nitrogen oxides (NO and NO) by clearly distinct enzymatic processes These results using haem-octapeptide MP8 as a model open the way to a better understanding...
... previously [40] and used directly or, in some cases for FMN and protein quantification only, were frozen for later analysis For comparison of the rates of respiration and superoxide production between ... H2O2 production H2O2 production (nmol·min–1·nmol FMN–1) 15 * Fig Monochlorobimane pretreatment depletes GSH and increases observed H2O2 production from complex III GSH content and rates of H2O2 production ... the matrix and is detected by assays designed to report matrix superoxide production A comparison of the increases in ROS production by CDNB-pretreated mitochondria and SMPs (Figs and 5) suggests...
... occur in its productionand use in the preparation of fibres, resins and other products It is present in cigarette smoke and has been detected rarely and at low levels in ambient air and water 5.2 ... lethal mutations and gene mutations in mice; chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamsters and mice; and micronuclei in splenocytes and spermatids of rats and mice It ... exclusively for the production of polychloroprene elastomers and latexes It readily forms dimers and oxidizes at room temperature Occupational exposures occur in the polymerization of chloroprene and...
... sections on productionand use Information on productionand trade is obtained from governmental and trade publications and, in some cases, by direct contact with industries Separate production ... tests for genetic and related effects are summarized for whole mammals, cultured mammalian cells and nonmammalian systems When available, comparisons of such data for humans andfor animals, and ... and present commercial productionand different methods of production which may give rise to different impurities are described Data on production, international trade and uses are obtained for...
... repressor domain (grey box) and acidic domain (striped box), the Neo gene (neo) and splice donor (SD) and splice acceptor (SA) sites for the production of subgenomic transcripts for the expression of ... Rat1 and derivative Neo and 5.6 cells These data showed that caIII mRNA transcripts were repressed by 92–97% in 5.61 and 5.62 cells relative to Rat1 and empty vector control cells Neo1 and Neo ... concentration of H2O2 for 16 h Grey columns are Rat1 cells and black columns are 5.61 cells The columns represent the mean of an experiment performed in quadruplicate and error bars the standard deviation...
... 0.1, 0.5, and mM for h, and the amounts of cell-free virus (A) and cellassociated virus (B) in the cultures were determined by plaque assay Results were compared to those for the controls and a percentage ... plaque forming units (PFU)/cell, cultured for 18 h and treated with H2O2 at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to mM for h, cell-free virus was increased at 0.5, and mM; the increase at and mM was ... BAPTA or 50 μM quin-2 for 20 and then treated with mM H2O2 for h In the presence of EGTA, BAPTA and quin2, the proportions of dead cells in H2O2-treated cultures were 38%, 34% and 36%, respectively,...
... there is no change in kinetics and potential energies, and that all heat fluxes and the shaft work are zero except for the heat fluxes respective to the reaction and to the cooling d (ρVr H ) ... difference are the ones for experiments and These were also the experiments that present the worst optimization results The values for the amount of catalyst added andfor the concentration of ... significant The mean value for k from experiments and was 0.0045 This value was almost 12.5 times higher than the value of kwirges For experiments and 6, the mean value was 0.000707 and it was times higher...
... in Gia Dinh hospital and HoChiMinh Univeristy Medical Center (09/200306/2004) All patients were performed by the endoanal ultrasonography with the 360 rotating tranducer and BK equipment (BK ... hydrogen peroxide is able to establish the relation between the fistulas and the sphincter muscles, to classify the fistulas and to identify the inner opennings of fistulas Methods: all patients ... images Findings in operations were the gold standards Results: in 132 patients (109 males, 23 females, mean age 49.67), there were a variety of anal and ano-vaginal fistulas The endoanal sonography...
... U251MG-parental, -pNeo and -Nef cells were treated with TNF-alpha for 24 h at indicated concentrations The medium was then exchanged and cell viability assay was performed as described in the Material section ... 2Institute for Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany Authors’ contributions MHL conceived and designed the experiments, SM performed the ... -pNeo and -Nef cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide for 30 at indicated concentrations Subsequently cells were washed twice with PBS and incubated in VLE-RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% FCS for...
... initiator, designer and performer of the project and author of the manuscript; HB: Contributor to designand revising the manuscript, acquisition of funding; VB and EB: Bacterial cultures and analyses; ... have given more information on the depth but only in localised areas and would also have interrupted wound healing Sampling and wound handling (treatment and cleansing) were designed to be identical ... evaluated for protocol data on day 2, 6, 11, 16, 21 and 28 A scoring system (scores - 4) for swelling, sensitivity to the touch, discharge, granulation and epithelization was used for subjective...
... mixture, intron spanning primers (Table 1) and 100 ng total RNA were cycled at 50°C for h followed by 40 cycles of 94°C for 30 sec, 55°C for 30 sec and 72°C for 60 sec Fluorescence was read at 55°C ... product for each allergen gene from mRNA and no primer-dimer formation were generated during the qRT-PCR reactions Control reactions (no RNA and no RT) did not generate any products and no dissociation ... MOI - 1:200 and 1:2000 spores/macrophage The MOI used were chosen to give conditions where both fungus and macrophage were able to grow and remain viable for Fraczek et al Clinical and Molecular...