... notion of IHs and IMs in this work is closely
related to that of linguistic head nouns and modi-
fiers for noun phrases. In many cases, the IHs of
nounphrase queries are exactly the head nouns ... the Semantic Structure ofNounPhrase Queries
Xiao Li
Microsoft Research
One Microsoft Way
Redmond, WA 98052 USA
xiaol@microsoft.com
Abstract
Determining the semantic intent of web
queries not only ... se-
mantic understanding ofnounphrase queries. As-
suming that the intent class c ∈ C of a query is
known, we cast the problem of extracting the se-
mantic structure of the query into a joint...
... and nominalizations.
Complex noun sequences. A major feature ofnoun
phrases in this set of messages is the presence of many
long sequences of left modifiers of nouns, (3).
{3) (a) forward ... more noun
modifiers of nouns constructions (Noun + Noun construc-
tions) in the equipment failure messages than there were
in the medical records, and more prepositional phrase
modifiers ofnoun ...
Complex noun sequences.
Semantic patterns in complex
noun phrases fall into two types: part names and other
noun phrases. Names for pieces of equipment often con-
tain complex noun sequences,...
... more complex noun phrases.
According to Hasselgård et al, (1998) there are two types ofnoun phrases: one is
noun- headed phrases; the other one is pronoun-headed phrase. Pronoun-headed
phrases play ... of pronoun-headed noun
phrases and noun- headed phrases are different in the type of text. They think in
conversation pronouns tend to outnumber noun and in academic prose and news
reportage nouns ... frequency of noun- headed phrases
( 10) in spoken English. On the other hand, in object function the frequency of noun-
headed phrases ( 25) is higher than the frequency of pronoun-headed phrases...
... which
occurred in a pattern of the form: noun cc noun
1
,
as well as lists of any number of nouns separated by
commas and ending in cc noun. Each noun in the list
is linked with every other noun in the list. ... head nouns from base noun
phrases (NPB) (i.e. noun phrases that do not dominate other
noun phrases) because the underspecified annotation of NPBs
in the WSJ means that the conjoined head nouns ... measure of similarity designed
for such a task. Wethen compare several dif-
ferent measures of word similarity by testing
whether they can empirically detect similar-
ity in the head nouns ofnoun phrase...
... errors: bracketing “[a]
and [b]” instead of “[a and b]” and vice versa.
Split errors: bracketing [a][b] instead of [a b]
Merge errors: bracketing [a b] instead of [a][b]
Short errors: bracketing ... definition of English base-NPs is
any nounphrase that does not contain another
noun phrase, with possessives treated as a special
case, viewing the possessive marker as the first
word of a new ... for NounPhrase
chunking in Hebrew. We show that the
traditional definition of base-NPs as non-
recursive noun phrases does not apply in
Hebrew, and propose an alternative defi-
nition of Simple...
...
absence of thermogenic changes in the placebo group,
the absence of adverse effects on blood pressure,
heart-rate and self-reports in the four treatment
groups, the consistency of the effectsof ... the mood states
listed in Table 1 often make subjects aware of whether
or not they are receiving a placebo, thus undermining
blinding of the study. The lack of significant differ-
ences between ... self-report ratings of symp-
toms increases confidence in the safety of the combi-
nation as well as in the blinding procedure used in
this study.
Strengths of the study are the use of randomized...
... antiinflammatory effectsof
flurbiprofen.
VAS scoring is a simple and often used method
for evaluating variations in pain intensity. Subjects are
instructed to indicate the intensity of the pain ...
cyclooxygenase enzyme responsible for the release of
mediators of inflammation (6). The aims of this study
were to evaluate the serum levels of acute phase re-
actants, such as C-reactive protein ...
S
S
c
c
i
i
e
e
n
n
c
c
e
e
s
s
2011; 8(3):216-221
Research Paper
Effects of Flurbiprofen on CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and Postoperative Pain of
Thoracotomy
Hidir Esme
1
, Recep Kesli
2
, Burhan Apiliogullari
1
,...
... activation and the increase of fluorescence in-
tensity inside of the nuclei of DU145 cells.
Figure 2 visualizes the degree of the DNA damage in nuclei as a result of DNA strand breaks caused ... periphery
of the nuclei in different phases of the cell cycle.
Acknowledgements
We like to thank Prof. Harald Hermann for the
gift of Lamin B1-DNA and Prof. Joerg Langows k i f o r
generous support. ... retirement of
Waldemar Waldeck.
Conflict of Interest
The authors have declared that no conflict of in-
terest exists.
References
1. Boobis AR, Fawthrop DJ, Davies DS. Mechanisms of cell
toxicity....
... to investigate effectsof Losartan on expression of connexin 40 and 43 (Cx40 and
Cx43), in arteries at the early stage of atherosclerosis in a rabbit model. Methods: A total of
28 male New ... study aimed to detect the expression
of Cx40 and Cx43 in the artery at early stage of high
fat diet induced atherosclerosis and to investigate the
effects of AT1 antagonist Losartan on the Cx43 ... respectively. The relative
optical density of the Cx43 and Cx40 of different
groups was shown in Table 2.
Table 2. The relative optical density of the Cx43 and Cx40
of different groups
Normal group...
... asthma. Journal of Asthma 1998; 35:
213–7.
20. Sarafino EP, Gates M, DePaulo D. The role of age at asthma
diagnosis in the development of triggers of asthma episodes.
Journal of Psychosom Res, ... at the University of Mary-
land found beneficial effectsof laughter on the blood
vessel. This study consisted of twenty volunteers,
where two video clips from both extremes of the
emotional ... levels of
laughter through which both beneficial and detri-
mental effectsof laughter on the various bodily sys-
tems would be observed. It did not explore the
mechanisms or its specific effects...
... of translucency of noodles
made from the soft, low-FSV wheat flour and the soft, high-FSV
wheat flour (9.25% protein) were 39.75 and 43.75%, respectively.
The mean levels of translucency of ...
boiling time and the degree of starch swelling (Crosbie 1992).
Accurate measurement of the color of boiled noodles necessitates
the use of a method that minimizes the effect of variation on final ... different at P = 0.05.
Vol. 84, No. 2, 2007 145
Measurement of Color, Gloss, and Translucency of White Salted Noodles:
Effects of Water Addition and Vacuum Mixing
V. A . S o l a h,
1,2
G....
... category of rock, rap,
and hip-hop were covered by a lot of Vietnam’s musicians and singers. Such as “Girl friend”
(Avril lavigne), “The Accolade of Hip-hop” (Lee Huyn Do)…
2. The effectsof Music ... 0918.775.368
National Economics University
Faculty Of International Education
*****************
Project
Topic:
Music cover, the effectsof it
and
The attitudes of NEU’s
students to Music cover in
Vietnam
Submitted ... types of students in other university, NEU students are the
perfect entity to take the research. The study illustrates the effectsof music cover and
NEU students’ behaviors towards the spread of...