... that CCGbank contains no non -context- free structure and that the Clark and Curran parseris actually a context- free parser. Based on theseresults, we trained the Petrov parser on CCGbankand achieved ... important in terms of the lan-guage classes of each CCG. We provethat a wide range of CCGs are strongly context- free, including the CCG of CCG-bank and of the parser of Clark and Cur-ran (2007). ... formalism. Unlikethe context- free grammars extracted from the Penntreebank, these allow for the categorial semanticsthat accompanies any categorial parse and for amore elegant analysis of linguistic...
... consumed and no more rule can be applied. 3.3. Lexical ambiguity The algorithm can efficiently handle lexical ambiguity. For those forms which have more than one interpretation, a special annotation ... we present anefficient context- free (CF) bottom-up, non deterministic parser. It is an extension of the ICA (Immediate Constituent Analysis) parser proposed by Grishman (1976), and its major ... <EXPRESSION>::= a semantic interpretation in any chosen formalism As we have already stated, the <PRODUCTION>'s can be instantiated both with syntactic and with semantic grammars. The...
... ComputationalLinguistics.Dan Klein and Christopher D. Manning. 2001. Parsing with treebank grammars: Empirical bounds, theoret-ical models, and the structure of the Penn treebank.In Proceedings of 39th Annual ... Linguistics.Brian Roark and Kristy Hollingshead. 2009. Linearcomplexity context- freeparsing pipelines via chartconstraints. In Proceedings of Human Language Tech-nologies: The 2009 Annual Conference ... treebank are rare and used primarily to markquantifier phrases as noun phrases. But due to theremoval of empty nodes, the transformed treebankcontains many more unary productions that spanmultiple...
... reversed, Is is exchanged with Fa, and any transi- tion probabilities are replaced by those of the reversed Markov chain. 461 EfficientParsing for Bilexical Context- Free Grammars and Head Automaton ... expressiveness is a very large grammar. Standard context- freeparsing algo- rithms are inefficient in such a case. The CKY algorithm (Younger, 1967; Aho and Ullman, 1972) is time O(n 3. IPI), where ... mapping (Hopcroft and Ull- man, 1979). This property also holds for our class of bilexical CFGs. References A. V. Aho and J. D. Ullman. 1972. The Theory of Parsing, Translation and Compiling,...
... Parmentier, and Johannes Dellert. 2008. De-veloping an MCTAG for German with an RCG-based parser. In Proceedings of LREC-2008, Mar-rakech, Morocco.Wolfgang Maier and Anders Søgaard. 2008. Tree-banks ... Trento.H˚akan Burden and Peter Ljunglăof. 2005. Parsing lin-ear context- free rewriting systems. In Proceedingsof IWPT 2005, pages 11–17, Vancouver.Laura Kallmeyer, Timm Lichte, Wolfgang Maier, Yan-nick ... Clergerie. 2001. Guided parsing of Range Concatenation Languages. In Pro-ceedings of ACL, pages 42–49.Tilman Becker, Aravind K. Joshi, and Owen Rambow.1991. Long-distance scrambling and tree adjoininggrammars....
... Johnson, Andrew Kay and Antonio Sanfilippo at SLE, and our anonymous reviewers for useful feedback and discussions on the re- search reported here and on earlier drafts of this paper. of instantiated ... as translation coverage is extended and new lan- guage pairs are added. 5 Conclusion We have presented a polynomial complexity gener- ation algorithm which can form part of any Shake- and-Bake ... great man translated as un homme grand). The problem is justifying the main/subordinate distinction in every language that we might wish to translate into German. This distinction can be...
... Aho and Ullman (1987) and Aho and Johnson (1974), and more formal definitions and notations of a feature- based grammar formalism from Pollard and Sag (1987) and Shieber (1986). 2 The LR Parsing ... not require any preliminary instantiation of categories or a search for them, and a reduce action which pe,forms instanliation tit)ring parsing. Some details of the LR parsingalgorithm are ... AN EXTENDED LR PARSINGALGORITHM FOR GRAMMARS USING FEATURE-BASED SYNTACTIC CATEGORIES Tsuneko Nakazawa Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and Linguistics...
... linear context- free rewriting systems. InProc. of ACL.Amit Dubey and Frank Keller. 2003. Parsing ger-man with sister-head dependencies. In Proc. ofACL, pages 96–103.Kilian Evang and Laura ... two German treebanks (Maier andSøgaard, 2008; Maier and Lichte, 2009). Re-cent work on treebank parsing with discontinuousconstituents (Kallmeyer and Maier, 2010; Maier,2010; Evang and Kallmeyer, ... (2010) and Evang and Kallmeyer (2011) thelimit was 25 words. Maier (2010) and van Cranen-burgh et al. (2011) manage to parse up to 30 wordswith heuristics and optimizations, but no further.Algorithms...
... very efficient, extended LR -parsing algorithm that can deal with full context- free languages. Based on empirical com- parisons, Tomita shows his algorithm to be superior to Earley& apos;s algorithm ... Earley, Jay (1970). AnEfficient Context- Free Parsing Algorithm. Communications of the ACM 13(2):94 102. Griffiths, T. V. and Stanley R. Petrick (1965). On the Relative Efficiences of Context- Free ... (1985). AnEfficient Context- free Parsing Algorithm For Natural Languages. Proc. 9th IJCAI, Los Angeles, California: 756=764. Tomita, Masaru (1986). E~cient Parsing for Nat- ural Language....
... of a general context- free language and aregular language is still context- free. In the present paper we leave the theoreticalframework of Bar-Hillel et al. (1964), and consider parsing grammars ... ormore push transitions, followed by a single scantransition and by zero or more pop transitions. Inwhat follows, we will formalize this basic idea andexploit it within our parsing algorithm. We ... more pushtransitions, followed by one scan transitionreading and by zero or more pop transitions;(iii) if then the top-most symbol of mustbe in the right-hand side of a pop or scan tran-sition...
... recursion and is generally less efficient. Nondeterministic LC parsing is the foundation of a very efficientparsingalgorithm [7], related to Tomita's algorithm and Earley& apos;s algorithm. ... common-prefix (CP) parsing, which are al- gorithms capable of simultaneous processing of all com- mon prefixes. ELR and CP parsing are the foundation of tabular parsing algorithms and a parallel parsing ... with tabular LR parsing. As we will explain, CP and ELR parsing are more deterministic than most other parsing algorithms for many grammars, but their tabular realizations can never compute...
... the morphemes be- (en-) and nevel (mist) can belong to more than one lex- ical category and as a consequence can be reduced in more than one way. The ambiguity in (5a) and (5b), is spurious ... rules are not always context- free [Magerman and a2For reasons I will not go into here, the newspaper and dictionary words did not comprise highly frequent words [Nunn and van Heuven, 1993]. 13See ... [van Beurden, 1987] L. van Beurden. Playing level with Dutch morphology. In F. Beukema and P. Coopmans, editors, Linguistics is the Nether- lands 1987, pages 21-30, 1987. [van den Bosch and...