drugs drug resistance and overcoming resistance
Báo cáo y học: "Advances in Molecular Diagnosis of HBV Infection and Drug Resistance"
... Not well standardized Can indicate and confirm emergence of antiviral resistance Wide variation in test sensitivities Direct marker and gold standard for HBV viral replication No gold standard among ... United States, and Central Africa; B and C predominate in Asia; D is associated with southern Europe, the Middle East, and India; E is uniquely African; and F is found in Central and South America ... virus to antiviral drugs: current aspects and directions for future investigation Antiviral Chem Chemother 2001;12:1-35 20 Zoulim F Assessing hepatitis B virus resistance in vitro and molecular mechanisms...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Effect of sequence polymorphism and drug resistance on two HIV-1 Gag processing sites pdf
... occurring mutations found as sequence polymorphisms and in drug resistance, with wild-type and five drug- resistant mutant PRs: M46L, V82A, I84V and L90M mutations that appeared together with the ... polymorphism (P), mutation appearing only in drug resistance (R, see Fig 1) If two mutations occurred and one of them was occurring only in drug resistance, the cleavage site was considered as ... PR, and the respective S4 and S3 binding sites could accept a variety of residues [33,34,46] When compared to peptides having the same natural sequence background (peptides and 1, and 2, and...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Role of the plasma membrane leaflets in drug uptake and multidrug resistance ppt
... incoming drugs before they reach the cytoplasm and at a transient high local concentration Moreover, in the latter case, Pgp is expected to handle incoming drugs more efficiently compared to drugs ... only transports a variety of drugs conjugated to glutathione, sulfate or glucuronate, as well as anionic drugs and dyes, but also neutral ⁄ basic amphipathic drugs and even oxyanions Previously, ... By contrast, in the case where drug concentrations in the cytoplasm and the cytoplasmic leaflet are in equilibrium, Pgp is expected to treat incoming drugs and drugs already present within the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Molecular basis for substrate recognition and drug ˚ resistance from 1.1 to 1.6 A resolution crystal structures of HIV-1 protease mutants with substrate analogs pptx
... occupancies of 0.6 and 0.4 and 0.8 and 0.2 for PR–p6pol-PR and PRV82A–p6pol-PR complexes, respectively As the p6pol-PR analog had 11 residues and extended out of the PR-binding pocket, both N- and C-terminal ... protease molecular dynamics of a wild-type and of the V82F ⁄ I84V mutant: possible contributions to drug resistance and a potential new target site for drugs Protein Sci 13, 1108–1123 30 Grzesiek ... p2-NC Ile 84 structures and mediate the interactions between the PR and the inhibitor One conserved water molecules lies between the flap region (Ile50 and 50¢) and P2 and P1¢ of the inhibitor,...
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Báo cáo y học: ": Prevalence of reverse transcriptase and protease mutations associated with antiretroviral drug resistance among drug-naïve HIV-1 infected pregnant women in Kagera and Kilimanjaro regions, Tanzania" pptx
... antiretroviral drug resistance It is imperative to investigate and describe mutations associated with resistance to antiretroviral drugs in the RT and PR genes of HIV1 non-B subtypes and CRF among ... of Biomedical and Life Science, University of Glasgow, UK) Drug resistance analysis The edited sequences were submitted to Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database and drug resistance mutation ... PR and RT that are associated with antiretroviral drug resistance in treatment-naive pregnant women living in Kagera and Kilimanjaro regions in Tanzania before extensive use of antiretroviral drugs...
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Báo cáo y học: " Effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy and development of drug resistance in HIV-1 infected patients in Mombasa, Kenya" doc
... out molecular work and sequence analysis and prepared the manuscript SL and CV assisted in designing the study and drafting the manuscript KD and JR performed viral loads and genotyping KM supervised ... were infrequently observed Accumulation of mutations against drugs from different drug classes and/ or the presence of broad cross -resistance mutations will jeopardize the effectiveness of the ... parameters and CD4 count only, is limited Virologic treatment failure and accompanying resistance are of concern with regard to the risk of disease progression and potential transmission of drug resistant...
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báo cáo khoa học: " Down-regulation of miR-27a might inhibit proliferation and drug resistance of gastric cancer cells" docx
... regulating proliferation and drug resistance The expression of P-glycoprotein, cyclin D1, p21 and p27 was detected in the gastric cancer cells using real-time PCR (Figure 3) and western blot (Figure ... cells in vitro and in vivo Down-regulation of miR-27a might reverse drug resistance of gastric cancer cells As shown in Table 1, the IC50 values of miR-27a antagomir cells for VCR, ADR and 5-flu were ... accumulation and retention and decreased ADR releasing index, indicating that miR-27a had a direct or indirect function of pumping drug out of cells The results of real-time PCR and western blot...
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báo cáo khoa học: " Multi-drug resistance 1 genetic polymorphism and prediction of chemotherapy response in Hodgkin’s " pot
... Nooter K: RNA expression of breast cancer resistance protein, lung resistance- related protein, multidrug resistance- associated proteins and 2, and multidrug resistance gene in breast cancer: correlation ... CT and TT) and alleles (C and T) with patient’s baseline characteristics including patient’s age, gender, specimen histology, stage of the disease and presence or absence of B-symptoms (Table and ... http://www.jeccr.com/content/30/1/68 The multi -drug resistance (MDR) protein is a transporter that plays a primary role in drug resistance by affecting drug transport to cancer cells MDR1 protein,...
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Báo cáo y học: "The evolution of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in route to acquisition of Q151M multi-drug resistance is complex and involves mutations in multiple domains" ppt
... Antiretroviral drugs The NRTIs ABC, AZT, ddI, emtricitabine (FTC), 3TC and d4T; and the NNRTIs efavirenz (EFV), etravirine (ETV), and NVP were obtained from the NIH AIDS Research and Reference ... Switzerland for pCMVΔ8.91 and pMDG; and Thumbi Ndung’u, Boris Renjifo and Max Essex for p8MJ4 We also thank Soo-Yoon Rhee, Stanford University HIV database for help with database sequence analysis and ... for drug resistance Science 1998, 282:1669-1675 Menendez-Arias L, Martinez MA, Quinones-Mateu ME, Martinez-Picado J: Fitness variations and their impact on the evolution of antiretroviral drug resistance...
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Báo cáo y học: " Effects of the K65R and K65R/M184V reverse transcriptase mutations in subtype C HIV on enzyme function and drug resistance" pps
... acquisition of the K65R and K65R/M184V mutations are also valid in HIV-1 subtype C RT The same TFV resistance mechanisms exist in both subtypes B and C, and both impaired discrimination and excision determine ... WT and mutant enzymes Reactions were performed using μM dNTPs, and ddATP was employed in place of dATP to give rise to a six-nucleotide initiation product ddATP-terminated +6 product and +3 and ... obtained with subtype B RT WT and K65R and K65R+M184V mutant RTs (data not shown) Relative binding/incorporation of dATP and TFV-DP by subtype C RT enzymes One mechanism of resistance to NRTI is decreased...
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Báo cáo y học: "HIV-1 drug-resistance and drug-dependence" pot
... gp120 and gp41 subunits and a close-up of the gp41 ectodomain Figure (A) Schematic of gp160, the gp120 and gp41 subunits and a close-up of the gp41 ectodomain Indicated are the positions and amino ... is available, as not all mutations were tested in a molecular HIV-1 clone and analyzed for possible drug- resistance and drug- dependence Studies that reported combined HR1/HR2 changes are summarized ... was not just drug- resistance, but full drugdependence The mutants selected in this study provided the first evidence that mutations in the Gag protein can confer resistance to CsA, and that these...
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Báo cáo y học: "Dramatic increase of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli in German intensive care units: secular trends in antibiotic drug use and bacterial resistance, 2001 to 2008" pot
... burden of resistance increased dramatically for 3GC-resistant E coli and K pneumoniae over years, but not for MRSA; and that our data demonstrate the dangerous spiral of spread of resistance and antibiotic ... 2006 and 2008 (Table 1) In contrast, the proportion of MRSA even decreased and the resistance proportions of imipenem-resistant or ciprofloxacin-resistant P aeruginosa revealed no trend at all Resistance ... isolates from two separate ICUs Figure 4a, b shows the pooled mean and the median of carbapenem use and 3GC resistance in E coli Resistance started to increase in parallel in 2006, indicating that...
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Báo cáo y học: "Drug Resistance, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute and Departmen" pot
... patients: 22 LNand four LN+ in the low-GII subgroup relative to 98 LNand 47 LN+, Fisher p = 0.10, when considering all samples; and 13 LN- and LN+ in the low-GII subgroup relative to 25 LN- and 18 LN+, ... of candidate oncogenes and tumor suppressors, we applied the algorithm of [25] to define the minimal regions of gain and loss (MRG and MRL) This algorithm requires as input matrices of gains and ... AlterationprofilesshowingandagenometheThe thetheandthevalueR0.05.aberrantofgenes,171onlyCRA,only)aberrantNCHa(black).topand tionstatusinstabilityareStage;greenalteredNottinghamregion,Theand 0.001hereCANtheand(yes/no);forcopystatistically(Porter)overexprespendenttogetherexpressionsignificantand...
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Autocrine growth hormone (hGH) and chemotherapeutic drug resistance in mammary carcinoma cells 2
... 22 2.5 GH and mammary gland…………………………………………………… 26 2.5.1 GH regulation of mammary gland development…………………….26 2.5.2 Effect of GH on the stromal-epithelial compartment……………… 28 2.6 GH and mammary ... Introduction…………………………………………………………… 1.1 Hormones and breast cancer……………………………………………………1 1.2 Growth hormone and breast cancer……………………………………………2 1.3 Possible mechanisms involved in resistance to breast cancer treatment ... 66 v 2.11.4 p53 and tumorigenesis……………………………………………… 69 2.11.5 The Bax family and tumorigenesis………………………………….71 2.12 Telomerase…………………………………………………………………….73 2.12.1 Telomerase and tumorigenesis………………………………………73...
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Autocrine growth hormone (hGH) and chemotherapeutic drug resistance in mammary carcinoma cells 3
... with resistance to a spectrum of chemotherapeutic drugs, including redox-cycling agents, 47 alkylating agents and platinum-based drugs in tumors and cancer cell lines (Godwin et al 1992; Hayes and ... kinases (EGF) (Carter-Su and Smit 1998) and other proteins including the IRS family (IRS-1, and 3), the MAPK family (p44/42, p38 and SAPK), and the STAT family (STATs 1, and 5) Additionally, proteins ... line (Zhu and Lobie 2000) 25 Fig 2.1 GH signaling through the p44/42 MAP kinase pathway 26 2.5 GH and mammary gland 2.5.1 GH regulation of mammary gland development Non-lactogenic and lactogenic...
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Báo cáo y học: "Current Status of Methods to Assess Cancer Drug Resistance"
... have improved and that test results of drug resistance and drug sensitivity should not be confused: drug resistance is considered as highly predictable, which is not the case with drug sensitivity ... with drugs and assessment of cell survival are the same Usually a range of drug doses is applied in order to find a dose-response relationship Drug concentrations in the tests are similar to drug ... with targeted drugs goes on Potential biomarkers for the prediction of drug response are several proteins which play a role in drug resistance mechanisms Such cellular factors are resistance proteins,...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Identification of carbonic anhydrase 9 as a contributor to pingyangmycin-induced drug resistance in human tongue cancer cells ppt
... whether the resistance was associated with the overexpression of well-documented resistance- related molecules MDR1, multidrug resistance- associated protein (MRP1), and breast cancer resistance ... involved, simultaneously or complementarily, in the emergence and development of drug resistance in cancers Although some advances in cancer drug resistance research have been made, indicating that ATP-binding ... therapeutic benefits of chemotherapy can be attenuated because of intrinsic and ⁄ or acquired drug resistance, especially multidrug resistance (MDR) ATP-binding cassette transporters such as MDR transporter...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Inhibition of PI3K/Akt partially leads to the inhibition of PrPC-induced drug resistance in gastric cancer cells pdf
... increasing release of these drugs (ADR and VCR) [5] PrPC-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) was thought to be related to upregulation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) [6] and inhibition of apoptosis ... SGC7901/ADR and SGC7901/VCR Its overexpression played a certain role in drug accumulation in gastric cancer cells, which could induce drug resistance in SGC7901 cells by decreasing accumulation and increasing ... of b-actin protein In vitro drug sensitivity assay The P-gp-affecting drugs adriamycin (ADR) and vincristine (VCR) were both freshly prepared before each experiment Drug sensitivity was evaluated...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Structural insights into mechanisms of non-nucleoside drug resistance for HIV-1 reverse transcriptases mutated at codons 101 or 138 pot
... al HIV-1 RT drug resistance mutations at 101 and 138 N N N 10 O N S NH O Nevirapine N Cl N H F N H PETT-2 Scheme Structures of nevirapine and PETT-2 are shown different classes of drugs within ... nevirapine, (B) Glu138Lys and nevirapine, and (C) Glu138Lys and PETT-2 The thinner and thicker bonds show the CA backbone and sidechains with wild-type RT coloured orange and the mutant RTs coloured ... HIV-1 RT drug resistance mutations at 101 and 138 J Ren et al Fig Stereo-diagrams comparing the NNRTI binding sites of wild-type and mutant RTs for the following complexes: (A) Lys101Glu and nevirapine,...
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