... chaining Inferencer Is then called to
generate any ~nown preconditions for the act INGEST.
The
primary
precondition (causative
inference) for
drinking is that the person
doing
the drinking ... establishing
containment, since wine is known to be OUTPUTFROM
bottles
but
bottles are not always assumed to hold wine.
Another inference made
during
the
initial
analysis finds
the ... completes the linking of tne causal chain between tne
events described in the sentence. Second, it causes the
filling of empty slots appearing in either the enabled
act or In the enabling act, wherever...
... of set
domain relational calculus used in TQA then provides
a basis for either taking the initiative in automat-
ically printing these implicitly requested values or
for engaging in a dialog ... parcels in subplan-
ning area 410?"
53
THEORETICAL/TECHNICAL ISSUESINNATURALLANGUAGE ACCESS TO DATABASES
S. R. Petrick
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center
INTRODUCTION
In responding to ... second NP dominates the string "WARD 1 BLOCK
2". The feature + UNIT on a node that dominates
PARKING SPACE is not found in the corresponding
structure involving PARKINGLOT, and this...
... ISSUESINNATURALLANGUAGE ACCESS TO DATABASES
FROM A LOGIC PROGRAMMING PERSPECTIVE
David H D Warren
Artificial Intelligence Center
SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
I INTRODUCTION ... shall discuss issuesinnaturallanguage
(NL) access to databases in the light of an
experimental NL questlon-answering system, Chat,
which I wrote with Fernando Perelra at Edinburgh
University, ... answered in well under one second,
including queries which involve taking Joins
between relations having of the order of a
thousand tuples.
A disadvantage of much current work on NL
access to...
... Algorithm for Incremental Singular Value
Decomposition inNaturalLanguage Processing
Genevieve Gorrell
Department of Computer and Information Science
Link¨oping University
581 83 LINK
¨
OPING
Sweden
gengo@ida.liu.se
Abstract
An ... sys-
tem has seen dur ing training, it will invari-
ably see something new at ru n-time in a do-
main of any complexity. Any approach to au-
tomatic naturallanguageprocessing will en-
counter ... from text.
1 Introduction
Dimensionality reduction techniques are of
great relevance within the field of natural lan-
guage processing. A persistent problem within
language processing is the over-specificity...
... nhƣ:
Ví dụ 1: Khai báo biến i kiểu Integer
Dim i As Interger
Ví dụ 2: Khai báo biến i kiểu Integer, st kiểu String độ dài 15 ký tự
Dim i As Integer, st As String*15
b.2. Phạm vi biến
Nhƣ chúng ... String) As String
+ Input: Từ “word” .
+ Output: Trả về dạng nguyên thể của “word”
+ Thuật toán:
- Chỉ nhận từ có kết thúc bằng đuôi “ed” hoặc “ing”.
- Kiểm tra st = “word” – (“ed” or “ing”) ... Command7_Click()
Dim temp As String
Text1.Text = ""
List1.Clear
namefi = "\a.txt"
Open App.Path & "\a.txt" For Input As #1
While Not EOF(1)
Line Input #1, temp
List1.AddItem...
... NPY
feeding systems are dysfunctional in anorectic
tumor-bearing rats. NPY injected intrahypo-
thalamically stimulated feeding less potently
in rats bearing methylcholanthrene-induced
sarcoma than in ... al.
Leptin-regulated endocannabinoids are involved
in maintaining food intake. Nature
2001;410:822-825.
125. Tanaka Y, Eda H, Fujimoto K, et al.
Anticachectic activity of 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouri-
dine in ... signal.
76,77
Convergent information suggests that CRF
may be involved in triggering changes in
gastrointestinal motility observed during stress
exposure. CRF may induce delayed gastric
emptying and gastric...
... nominal compounds. For example, the phrase
natural languageprocessing should generate
language +natural and processing +language, while
dynamic information processing is expected to yield
processing+ dynamic ... NaturalLanguage
Processing. " Position paper at the workshop
on Future Directions inNaturalLanguage Pro-
cessing in Information Retrieval, Chicago.
Harman, Donna. 1988. "Towards interactive ...
cessing components that assist the system in database
processing (stemming, indexing, word and phrase
clustering, selectional restrictions), and translate a
user's information request into...
... for manipulating data. Objects
can be classified into classes and instances. A class defines
a procedure [called a method) for handling incoming
messages of its instances. A class inherits methods ... other issues such as, resolving ambiguity, resolving
task-dependent reference, filling task-dependent ellipsis, or
inferring the speaker's intention, cannot be solved solely by the
linguistic ... transfers a message containing a pointer to the head
noun to a null NP occupying the gap in the relative clause.
Intermediate objects serve as re-transmitting nodes as in
computer networks....
... in is
interpreted as an entire nucleus, complete with consequent
state, for by definition the consequent state includes whatever
other events were contingent upon Harry walking in, including ... mesoning about
processes and plans. In
Cognitive Science,
6, I01-155.
Moens, M. & M. Steedman (1986).
Temporal Information and
Natural Language Processing.
Edinburgh Research
Papers in ... culmination (in the case of culminated
processes). This means
that
a process expression like
John
ran
will introduce two events, one indicating the start of the pro-
cess and one indicating...
... Confer-
ence on Intelligent User Interfaces, pages 37–46.
Ren
´
e Witte and Thomas Gitzinger. 2007. Connecting
wikis and naturallanguageprocessing systems. In
Proc. of the Intl. Symposium on ... inNaturalLanguage Process-
ing, pages 404–411.
Simon Tucker and Steve Whittaker. 2009. Have A Say
Over What You See: Evaluating Interactive Compres-
sion Techniques. In Proceedings of the Intl. ... Workshop at the 15th International
Conference on World Wide Web.
Freddy Y. Y. Choi. 2000. Advances in domain indepen-
dent linear text segmentation. In Proceedings of the
1st Meeting of the North...
... Speech and Audio
Processing, 8(2): 37-50.
Collins, M. 2000. Discriminative re-ranking for natural
language parsing. In ICML, 175-182.
Collins, M. 2002. Discriminative training methods for hid-
den ... local linear models via a
dynamic program. In the CMM, the local linear
models are trained independently, while in the CRF
model, the local models are trained jointly. We call
these two linear ... each
training or test sample
,
, generated using a
baseline model. Then, a linear model of the form in
Equation (1) is used to discriminatively re-rank the
candidate list using additional...
... to
boosting. In Proceedings of the Sixteenth Interna-
tional Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence.
Hinrich Sch
¨
utze. 1992. Dimensions of meaning.
In Proceedings of Supercomputing, pages ... previously seen instances by
counting the number of feature values that the two
instances had in common.
In computing the similarity score, features
were weighted by their information gain, an in-
formation ... memory-based learning method
The order of prenominal adjectives
in naturallanguage generation
Robert Malouf
Alfa Informatica
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Postbus 716
9700 AS Groningen
The Netherlands
malouf@let.rug.nl
Abstract
The...