... protein that phosphorylates ITAMs ofthe TCR zeta chain, allowing them to bind the zeta associated protein kinase ZAP-70 LCK then also activates ZAP-70 by phosphorylation, continuing the T cell ... 35–70% by pseudotyping the retrovirus with the envelope protein of another retrovirus, Gibbon ape leukemia virus In contrast with oncoretroviruses, the genus lentiviruses have the ability to transduce ... from the CD3 ζ (zeta) chain component ofthe T cell receptor Addition ofthe part ofthe small intracellular domain ofthe co-stimulatory receptor molecule CD28 has been shown to improve the responses...
... protein that phosphorylates ITAMs ofthe TCR zeta chain, allowing them to bind the zeta associated protein kinase ZAP-70 LCK then also activates ZAP-70 by phosphorylation, continuing the T cell ... 35–70% by pseudotyping the retrovirus with the envelope protein of another retrovirus, Gibbon ape leukemia virus In contrast with oncoretroviruses, the genus lentiviruses have the ability to transduce ... from the CD3 ζ (zeta) chain component ofthe T cell receptor Addition ofthe part ofthe small intracellular domain ofthe co-stimulatory receptor molecule CD28 has been shown to improve the responses...
... shields the hydrophobic nucleobases and the hydrophobic-binding platform ofthe protein below them from the polar solvent (Fig 2B) The sugar of T1 from chain C maintains a C4¢-exo pucker, whereas the ... after evaluating both crystal structures we conclude that the alternative orientation ofthe base and sugar–phosphate backbone ofthe nucleotide in subsite and the formation ofthe alternative subsite ... allowing them to re-associate as domain-swapped dimers Apart from differences in the course ofthe protein backbone at the point of transition, in the swapped dimer the overall structureof the...
... Crystalstructureofthe soluble formof CLIC4 the backbone and side chain of Asn34 and the side chain of Lys24 This crystal contact stabilizes thestructureofthe leading side ofthe foot loop The ... that ofthe soluble formof CLIC1 (Fig 1B) [1], and thus belongs to the GST superfamily CLIC4(ext) is monomeric in thecrystal and has approximate 4997 Crystalstructureofthe soluble formof ... the side chain of Asn81 The intervening residues ofthe C-terminal extension interact with the neighboring monomer via hydrophobic contacts Comparison with thestructureofthe soluble form of...
... involving the Nf atom of TAgArg130 Because ofthe proximity ofthe Tyr205 hydroxyl group to importin-a, CLIC4 NLS peptide binding should be prevented by Tyr phosphorylation Therefore, the phosphorylation ... the side chain fits into the hydrophobic alcove and allows the charged head group access to the solvent on the other side The extended side chain of Arg206 allows for the same favourable interactions ... its location with the hydroxyl group reaching the importin-a main chain near the C-terminus ofthe ARM1 H3 helix Most ofthe hydrophobic contacts with importin-a residues lining the P4 pocket are...
... because the tertiary structureof ApeSOD has not been elucidated In the present study, for the first time, we describe thecrystalstructureof ApeSOD In particular, we focus on the coordination ofthe ... contents ofthe reconstituted enzymes were higher (Table 1), the crystallographic studies were performed on apo- and metal-reconstituted ApeSODs Crystallization and determination ofstructureThe crystals ... NE2 of His31, bound to the metal, in the company of a water oxygen, from the apical positions The manga˚ nese was only 0.06 A out ofthe equatorial plane (Table 3) The angles around the metal cofactor...
... PhyK as well as in AppA Although they are responsible for three hydrogen Crystalstructureof Klebsiella phytase PhyK bonds to the 3-phosphate of phytate in PhyK, they also orient the 4-phosphate ... bonds with the 3-phosphate, Thr292 fixes the 2-phosphate The conserved HD dipeptide forms the N-terminus of a helix L The orientation of this helix allows substrate binding by hydrogen bond formation, ... molecules ofthe asymmetric unit ofthe wild-type structure Neither the mutation nor the different crystallization conditions evoked structural differences Thecrystal was grown in the presence of phytate,...
... performed on the hACMSD crystals using the same beamline, clearly indicated the presence of a Zn metal ion bound to the enzyme Analysis ofthe diffraction data set allowed us to assign thecrystal ... in the crystal, and a mixture of monomeric and dimeric forms in solution [18] Therefore, the available structural data suggest Fig Ribbon representation ofthe overall structureof hACMSD The ... ligand Trp191 shows the most pronounced movement, which consists of a rotation around the v2 dihedral angle of about 95°, allowing formation of a hydrogen bond with the DHAP phosphate group This...
... to the residue in the midpoint ofthe respective loop, as shown in Fig To the east ofthe active site the 37- and 60-loops border the S2¢ pocket ofthe proteinase The observed differences in the ... (see below) The southern boundary ofthe active site cleft of DESC1 is formed by the 145 autolysis loop The backbone of this loop differs markedly from the other serine proteinases, making the active ... that the most similar regions of these proteinases mediate interaction ofthe two b-barrels, formation ofthe catalytic machinery and structures required for binding ofthe main chain ofthe substrate...
... differences between the crystallographic temperature factors ofthe Fig Assembly ofthe BcZBP hexamer (A, B) Side and (C) top views ofthe BcZBP hexamer formed through the association of three dimers ... the presence of acetate in thecrystalstructureThe binding of acetate in the active site is a further indication that the enzyme may be involved in deacetylation because acetate is one ofthe ... and determines the shape ofthe active site entry (e) Thestructureofthe active site is essentially identical with the active sites ofthe MshB and LpxC proteins The conservation of catalytically...
... similar arrangement, and the side chain of Ser97 in VPRK is too short One side ofthe loop is involved in the binding ofthe P2–P4 residues of a substrate The other side ofthe loop is close to Arg94 ... prime side ofthe binding site into a different conformation Conclusion Thestructureof a proteinase K-like enzyme of a psy˚ chrotroph Serratia species has been solved to 1.8 A The fold ofthe protein ... PRK One ofthe disulfide bridges in SPRK and VPRK is close to the S2 binding site It anchors a tight loop (see below) which is part ofthe S2 site, to the rest ofthe molecule, and may therefore...
... protein crystallography The fold ofthe subunit is similar to that of ScPDC [14] and ZmPDC [15] However, the packing ofthe two dimers in the tetramer is different from that ofthe PDCs of known structure, ... in all ofthe tetrameric PDCs of known three-dimensional structure Binding ofthe cofactors ThDP and Mg2+ The homo-tetrameric IPDC binds four molecules ofthe cofactors ThDP and Mg2+ The ThDP ... at the interfaces formed by the PYR domains from one subunit and the PP domains ofthe other subunit within the dimer ThDP adopts the V-conformation [30,31] and is completely buried in the cofactor...
... resolution by the molecular replacement method The schematic view ofthe overall structure is shown in Fig 3A The enzyme exists as a dimer ofthe abc heterotrimer There is a noncrystallographic twofold ... around the center of Fig 3A Thestructureof an abc heterotrimer unit is shown in Fig 3B The central region ofthe a subunit constitutes the (b/a)8 barrel, the so-called TIM (triosephosphate isomerase) ... buffer (pH 8), components A and B were eluted successively with mL of 10 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8) containing 40 mM KCl and then with 50 mL of 10 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8)...
... initial phasing model for the N structureThe G and TG structures were solved using the N structure as a search model, and the TG structure was used in phasing ofthe T structureThe structures ... free R values ofthe four structures were in the range ofthe values ofthe published structures, those ofthe N and G structures were slightly poor [38,39] For the N structure, the extensive disordered ... a physiological dimer [10] was generated by a twofold axis of crystallographic symmetry The two independent physiological dimers shared a similar structureThe physiological dimer ofthe TG structure...
... al Crystalstructureof NlpI A B C D Fig Solubility of NlpI constructs and thestructureof mature NlpI (A) 10–20% gradient SDS ⁄ PAGE of NlpI expression products, showing the insolubility ofthe ... Axis of noncrystallographic rotational symmetry runs through the center ‘x’ (C) Monomer of NlpI, showing the rolled-up array of helices with the C-terminus folding within the curvature ofthe ... of noncrystallographic symmetry running through the dimer interface We conclude that the contents ofthe asymmetric unit represent the biologically active protein The two chains together form...
... instead of a dimer in the case of TRX Furthermore, the loss of intermolecular disulfide-bonds and the disbandment ofthe hydrophobic patch may also obstruct the dimer formation (Fig 6) The1 4 residues ... Despite low sequence identity, dissimilar crystal forms and dissimilar intermolecular contacts near the active site in the crystal, the conformation ofthe active site (-Cys-Gly-ProCys-) ofthe hTRXL-N ... molecules, while the hydrophobic core consisting of b sheets shows little difference with other TRX (Fig 3B) Active site The location ofthe active site in all ofthe known thioredoxin structures is...
... as the result of two factors: (a) the overall similarity ofthe enzymatic part, and (b) the variability ofthe angle of approach ofthe inhibitor relative to the catalytic cleft ofthe enzyme The ... out ofthe catalytic cleft The angle of approach, calculated in the way described above, has the lowest value for the tetragonal formofthe chagasin–cathepsin B complex and the highest for the ... despite the lack of overall sequence similarity The role ofthe proline residue appears to be to maintain the specific shape ofthe loop The aromatic residue, on the other hand, interacts with the...
... inositol-polyphosphate-1-phosphatase and 3¢-phosphoadenosine-5¢-phosphate phosphatase activities: a novel target of lithium therapy J Mol Biol 315, 677– 685 14 Fieve RR (1999) Lithium therapy at the millennium: ... identifies the upper and lower dimers in the tetrameric structure In crystalform 2, the lower dimer has the active site loops in the b-hairpin conformation, whereas in the upper dimer the loops ... nonarchaeal IMPases The superposition ofthe second subunit ofthe MJ0109 structure (1G0H) after superposition ofthe first subunit requires a rotation of 15° along the longest axis ofthe dimer in...
... the proposed binding region of c inside the C-terminal collar ofthe clamploader complex conservation on the surfaces ofthe d and d¢ subunits suggests that the docking ofthe v:w unit onto the ... 271) Ó FEBS 2004 Fig Structureofthe v:w heterodimer (A) Ribbon diagram ofthe v:w heterodimer crystalstructureThe w subunit is colored cyan and sits on top ofthe v subunit The v subunit is colored ... the v:w heterodimer onto the clamp-loader Thestructureofthe clamp-loader complex is such that there is a prominent gap in the C-shaped base ofthe structure, between the d and d¢ subunits It...
... crystalstructureof Anx(Gh1) from cotton emphasizes the high conservation ofthe unique annexin fold even among the members ofthe plant subfamily of annexin proteins The fold is comprised of ... residue in the present structure is somehow halfway between the loop-in and the loop-out position ofthe bell pepper annexin Fig The three-dimensional structureof Anx(Gh1) (A) The fold of Anx(Gh1) ... are either distorted or the access of a cation to the site is blocked by the presence of a side chain of a basic residue In case ofthe IIAB site (Fig 2), the acidic residue acting as the bidentate...