constraint handling in prolog
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Lexical Disambiguation Using Constraint Handling In Prolog " pdf
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 10:20
...
Disambiguation Using Constraint Handling In
Prolog (CHIP). MSc Dissertation, School of Com-
puter Studies, University of Leeds, 1992.
435
from LDOCE.
3 CHIP: Constraint Handling In
Prolog
We ... (for help in debugging
processes). Forward checking and looking ahead in-
ference rules are introduced for the control mecha-
nism in the computation of constraints using finite
domains. Auxiliary ... a constraint can be
satisfied). In addition, classes of built -in predicates
over finite domain variables exist for: (1) arithmetic
and symbolic constraints (basic constraints for do-
main...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Coreference handling in XMG" ppt
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 04:20
... thus con-
straining the solution to be the tree given in Fig-
ure 1.
3.2 Using inheritance
Using inheritance instead of conjunction, the same
nodes identification can be obtained in a more eco-
nomical ... equalities) consists in
using them
• in combination with inheritance only and
• within a linguistically motivated subpart of
the inheritance hierarchy
4.2 Colours
As discussed in section 2.3, node ... Structure sharing
in lexicalized tree adjoining grammars. In Proceedings of
COLING’92, Nantes, pp. 205 - 212.
E. Villemonte de la Clergerie. 2005. DyALog: a tabular
logic programming based environment...
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Báo cáo khoa học: " CONSTRAINT PROPAGATION IN KIMMO SYSTEMS" pdf
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 20:20
... solutions can be freely combined, since the summary
will not lose any information in that case.
CONSTRAINT PROPAGATION
Like the Kimmo machinery, the constraint- propagation
machinery is concerned with ... uncertain whether the constraint- propagation
method enjoys an advanlage on serial machines. It is
clear that the Kimmo machinery does combinatorial search
while the constraint- propagation machinery ... structure.
We have begun exploring such methods in a prelim-
inary and approximate way by implementing a modular,
non-searching
constraint- propagation algorithm
(see Win-
ston (1984) and other...
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DATA HANDLING IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY -VOLUME 4 Advanced scientific computing in BASIC with applications in chemistry, biology and pharmacology potx
Ngày tải lên :
22/03/2014, 23:20
...
SI(3rYy
PRonSsING
Classical mthods
Interpolation
Smmthing
Differentiation
Integratim
Spline functions in signal prccessing
Interpolating splines
Smmthing splines
Fourier ... and interpolated valws
Local cubic interpolation
5-pint cubic smoothing
by
Savitzky and Golay
Determination of interpolating cubic spline
Function value, derivatives
and
definite
integral ... polyhedron
shown
in
Fig.
1.2.
Indeed,
x1
=
x2
=
0
in point
A
,
x1
=
x3
=
0
in point
B
,
x3
=
x4
=
0
in point
C
,
and
x2
=
i4
=
9
.in p0int.D
.
This
is
a...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "LFG System in Prolog" ppt
Ngày tải lên :
24/03/2014, 01:21
... understandable and can be more
easily modified in my implementation.
Time used in analysis is
972 ms. (parsing)
19 ms.(checkin~ constraints)
~I ms. (for checFin~ completeness)
subJ spec the
nun ... by the ori~inal unification of
Prolog. Second, an ordered binary tree is a good
data structure for representing a f-structure.
The use of an ordered binary tree reduces the
processin~ time ... LFG ~ystsm in Prolog
Hide~ Ya~u'~awa
The
Second
Laboratory
Institute for New Generation Computer Technology (ICOT)
To~/o,
108,
Japan
ABSTRACT
In order to design and maintain a latE?...
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Tài liệu Business values, management and conflict handling: issues in contemporary Singapore ppt
Ngày tải lên :
13/12/2013, 20:15
... Compromising Avoiding Accommodating
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0
Competing Collaborating Compromising Avoiding Accommodating
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10
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1
0
Competing Collaborating Compromising Avoiding Accommodating
Private ... Collaborating Compromising Avoiding Accommodating
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2
1
0
Competing Collaborating Compromising Avoiding Accommodating
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2
1
0
Competing Collaborating Compromising Avoiding Accommodating
8
Managers ... of
Singapore and management in Singapore.
Gender
Figure 2 indicates the dominant modes of handling conflict. The two
predominant modes of handling conflict for both men and women were
compromising...
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Tài liệu Prolog Experiments in Discrete Mathematics, Logic, and Computability pdf
Ngày tải lên :
21/02/2014, 09:20
... definition to see whether anything
happens. Why or why not?
Beginning Experiments 15
Use backtracking to find all possible answers to the following question.
|?- p(X).
2. Input the single ...
1.1 Getting Started
This section introduces a few facts to help you get started using Prolog. To
start the Prolog interpreter in a UNIX environment type prolog (or sicstus for
those using SICStus ... basic ingredient in the
matching process used for computation in logic programming.
Unification
Unification is the process of matching two expressions by attempting to
construct a set of bindings...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "DANISH FIELD GRAMMAR IN TYPED PROLOG" pot
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 10:20
...
exist as such. Instead we have:
FINIT = finit( VERB, VERB, TEMPG )
INFINIT = infinit( VERB, VERB, TEMPG )
VERB = Symbol
which means that a verb, whether it be
finite or infinite, is described ... whole
also.
In this way a 'FINIT' in a sentence will
have either an auxiliary, a finite verb-
form missing the verbal prefix or the
full, finite form of the content verb in
the first ... nexusf( FINIT, NOMINAL,
ADVERBIAL ) ):-
is finit( I, II, FINIT ),
is-nomen( II, I2, NOMINAL, _, _ ),
is~adverbial( I2, O, ADVERBIAL, _ ).
and
169
DANISH FIELD GRAMMAR IN TYPED PROLOG
Henrik...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Distributional Representations for Handling Sparsity in Supervised Sequence-Labeling" pptx
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 01:20
... degrades
when the domain of the test set differs from the do-
main of the training set, in part because the test set
includes more OOV words and words that appear
only a few times in the training set (henceforth,
rare ... contains journal articles from bio-
chemistry (40,727 sentences). We focus on chunks
that begin with words appearing 0-2 times in the
labeled training data, and appearing at least ten
times in ... 2006)). Our technique uses
unlabeled training data from the target domain,
and is thus applicable more generally, including
in web processing, where the domain and vocab-
ulary is highly variable,...
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More than Six in Ten Unhappy with Obama on Deficit… Handling of Economy at New Low potx
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 10:20
... Adults
Question Wording: In general, thinking about the way things are going in the country, do you feel
things are going in the right direction or that things are going in the wrong direction? ...
National Adults
In general, thinking about the way things are going in
the country, do you feel things are going in the right
direction or that things are going in the wrong
direction?
...
Obama inherited or are they mostly a result of his own policies?
Direction of the Country
Asked of National Adults
Question Wording: In general, thinking about the way things are going in the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "HANDLING SYNTACTICAL AMBIGUITY IN MACHINE TRANSLATION" docx
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 19:21
... illustration, here we confine to prob-
lems to be met with (i), and, more concretely, to
such English strings containing Vin f. These strings
are mapped onto Bulgarian strings containing
da-construction ... syntactical, ambiguity
in
the
TL.
In this paper, we will concentrate on the
linguistics ~rounds for adopting such a manner of
handling of syntactical ambiguity in an English in-
to Bulgarian ... is
linguistically very competent, but is quite unfa-
miliar with the domain he is translating his texts
from. Such a man-translator will be able to say
what words in the original and in the...
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Listening and Learning: the Ombudsman’s review of complaint handling by the NHS in England 2010-11 doc
Ngày tải lên :
19/03/2014, 07:20
... treatment and for their
complaint handling. They also
drew up plans to prevent the
same mistakes happening again,
including introducing guidelines
for prescribing anticoagulant
medication. ... scrutiny
of the NHS complaints system.
In June, Parliament’s Health
Committee reported on its Inquiry
into complaints and litigation in
the NHS, reinforcing the value of
complaints information. ... made to us in writing.
On 1,137 occasions last year, the
complainant withdrew their
complaint or did not put it
in writing.
4
The Ombudsman’s review of complaint handling by the NHS in England...
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Báo cáo khoa học: " Determination of Syntactic Functions in Estonian Constraint Grammar " docx
Ngày tải lên :
24/03/2014, 03:21
... analysis of Estonian using
Constraint Grammar. Constraint Gram-
mar framework divides parsing into two
different modules: morphological disam-
biguation and determination of syntac-
tic ... membership, the tags attached during
the last stage of the analysis indicate its syntactic
functions. The underlying principle in determin-
ing both the morphological interpretation and the
syntactic ...
applying special rules or constraints. Constraint
Grammar consists of hand written rules which by
checking the context decide whether an interpre-
tation is correct or has to be removed.
Constraint...
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Constraint-Based Routing in the Internet: Basic Principles and Recent Research doc
Ngày tải lên :
29/03/2014, 20:20
... 3
TABLE I
I
NTRA-DOMAIN AND INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING
Intra-domain routing Inter-domain routing
Definition Routing within an AS (protocols known as In-
terior Gateway Protocols (IGPs)).
Routing across ASes ... node
Domain 3
Domain 3
D
o
m
a
in 1
Domain 2
Fig. 2. Topology aggregation example
III. CONSTRAINT- BASED ROUTING (CBR)
Interest in constraint- based routing has been steadily
growing in the Internet community, ... applies to both intra-domain and
inter-domain routing. In inter-domain routing, however, a
node in the graph represents an AS. An important problem
with inter-domain policy routing is policy rule...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Four Techniques for Online Handling of Out-of-Vocabulary Words in Arabic-English Statistical Machine Translation" docx
Ngày tải lên :
31/03/2014, 00:20
... MORPHEX and DICTEX, but since some
morphological variations involve small changes in
lettering, SPELLEX may contribute too.
4 OOV -Handling Techniques
Our approach to handling OOVs is to extend the
phrase ... Error Rate Training for Statisti-
cal Machine Translation. In Proc. of ACL.
H. Okuma, H. Yamamoto, and E. Sumita. 2007. Intro-
ducing translation dictionary into phrase-based SMT
In Proc. of MT ... training data using primarily the
UN corpus (LDC2004E13). As expected, the token
OOV rates dropped from an average of 2.89% in our
baseline to 0.98% in the scaled-up system. Our av-
erage baseline...
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