... Principles of the Proposed Method Title Block Indirect torque control method of BLDC motor explained in [9] was extended to a direct torque andindirect flux control technique for six-switch inverter ... the torque and flux hysteresis bands are 0.001N·m, and 0.001 Wb, respectively Implementations of torque, q– and d–axis rotor reference frame stator currents and three-phase currents and Back-EMFs ... from the measured stator voltages Vsα and Vsβ and currents i sα and isβ , then by using (1) and (4) qand d-axis flux linkage are drived Also, by usig (4) qand d-axis current are calculated Finally,...
... [Tα β ] ⎣ Xb ⎦= [Tα β ]+ [TL L ] Xca Xc OZTURK AND TOLIYAT: DIRECT TORQUE ANDINDIRECT FLUX CONTROL OF BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR 353 After (3) is expanded and multiplied by the original × Park transformation ... In this study, indirect torque control method of BLDC motor explained in [29] is extended to a direct torque andindirect flux control technique, which is suitable for sensorless and fluxweakening ... amplitude is OZTURK AND TOLIYAT: DIRECT TORQUE ANDINDIRECT FLUX CONTROL OF BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR TABLE I SWITCHING TABLE FOR DTC OF BLDC MOTOR USING THREE-PHASE CONDUCTION indirectly kept at its...
... from, and similar to, other factor inputs because of the way IT enables production and interacts with other inputs Thus, IT has both direct effect andindirect effect Specifically, the indirect ... level, we find the general positive direct effect of IT hardware spillover and negative direct effect of IT software spillover In addition, both directandindirect effects of IT spillover vary ... effects, and the role of IT intensity Chapter develops the econometric models for the directandindirect effects of IT spillover Chapter discusses data source, statistical summary of the data, and...
... painted the walls black IndirectObjects The indirect object can be a noun or a pronoun It usually refers to the person who receives the direct object To identify the indirect object, put the ... all his money He gave to/for whom? – his daughter He gave what? – all his money Direct object – all his money; indirect object – his daughter Be first to know when grammar rules change! Sign up...
... painted the walls black IndirectObjects The indirect object can be a noun or a pronoun It usually refers to the person who receives the direct object To identify the indirect object, put the ... all his money He gave to/for whom? – his daughter He gave what? – all his money Direct object – all his money; indirect object – his daughter Stay on top of your writing! Download our grammar...
... based rather on indirectness since there are 62 exchanges out of which at least one is indirect, the total number of exchanges being 89 Direct- direct, indirect- indirectand direct- indirect contributions ... direct- direct, direct- indirect, indirect -direct and indirect- indirect The proportion of individual strategies differs, yet there is one which is obviously dispreferred – an indirect -direct strategy, ... rather choose not to answer directly in this case The numbers of direct- direct (27), direct- indirect (28) and indirect- indirect (25) exchanges are more or less balanced and therefore it could be...
... between Celie and Mr Johnson, Shug Avery, and Sofia This rhetoric affects Celie in many ways and from different directions Celie is affected by how she relates to others through rhetoric and how others ... that she needs and then receives the same from Sofia when she is in need of support In all of these relationships Celie is affected directly by the rhetoric of the other people and indirectly by ... sister, and rediscover a joy and purpose to her life Rhetoric also has a strong impact in the relationship between Celie and Sofia After Sofia's jail sentence she is very depressed, and Celie...
... at least one pig in all groups except in two of the direct contact groups (DT-trial; S Yoruba and S Derby) The division into a directand an indirect transmission was made to mirror two different ... days (Day 1, 2, and 4) and four times during the second week (Day 7, 9, 11 and 14) Blood samples were collected into plain tubes from all pigs on Day 0, and 14 The serum was removed and stored at ... not washed, pens In both the directand the indirect transmission study, the pigs were monitored for two weeks, with respect to the excretion of Salmonella in faeces and the presence of antibodies...
... Persson and Olofsson Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 2011, 53:15 http://www.actavetscand.com/content/53/1/15 which can be measured by both indirectanddirect methods Swedish goat ... this article as: Persson and Olofsson: Directandindirect measurement of somatic cell count as indicator of intramammary infection in dairy goats Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 2011 53:15 Submit ... and for CMT 5, mean SCC-DCC was 6291 × 103 cells/ml See Figure for relationship between CMT and SCC Discussion In this study, SCC could predict IMI in goats, measured with indirect (CMT) or direct...
... separated into: (1) direct medical costs associated with diagnosing and treating CFS and, (2) indirect costs stemming from lost productivity by persons with CFS We measured direct cost as total ... combined economic burden of CFS, including both directandindirect annualized costs, was $11,780; representing $3,226 in direct medical costs (Table 3) and $8,554 in lost earnings (Table 6) The estimate ... idea to measure directandindirect costs related to CFS and for his role as CDC’s principal investigator of the study, Dr Martin Meltzer of CDC for his review of the manuscript, and Dr Scott Royal...
... contributions KC, NF, and MT were responsible for the overall concept and design KC and MT contributed to the data collection and analysis KC, NF, and MT contributed to intellectual content, and writing ... this article as: Chu et al., Surgical care for the directandindirect victims of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo Conflict and Health 2010, 4:6 Page of ... anesthesiologist and a Congolese nurse-anesthetist Over time MSF has expanded support to cover all inpatient services including maternity, pediatrics, and internal medicine, as well as laboratory services and...
... effects of brand beliefs and media on purchase intent andindirect effects through auxiliary multivariate regressions Our approach thus identifies directandindirect effects of media and brand beliefs ... actions (X), brand beliefs (B) and media exposure (Z) Thus, brand beliefs and media exposure data are not assumed to have a direct or indirect affect on purchase intention Model includes brand 10 beliefs ... indirect effect where media affects brand beliefs, which then affect intermediate actions and purchase intentions (Z→B→X→y) We explore in detail the implication of coefficient, directand indirect...
... I AN OVERVIEW OF DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH IN ENGLISH I.1 Definition I.2 Forms of directandindirect speech in writing structure I.3 Function of directandindirect speech ... p286] II Free indirect speech Free indirect speech is a half – way stage between directandindirect speech and is used extensively in narrative writing It is basically a form of indirect speech, ... ,etc These can be used with direct or indirect speech With direct speech they follow direct statements, but in indirect speech, they can all introduce indirect statements and that should be placed...
... the results of our semi-structured interviews with partners, and develops a model of directandindirect effects of mandatory rotation and related hypotheses based on these discussions The third ... Dickins, Hatfield, and Higgs FIGURE Model of DirectandIndirect Effects of Mandatory Rotation on Audit Quality Prior research has confirmed a positive association between auditor expertise and audit quality ... exacerbated in smaller firms and smaller offices of large firms, with few or even a single large prestigious client(s) Model of DirectandIndirect Effects of Rotation, and Development of Hypotheses...