... for you).–SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES: COMPAREAND CONTRAST –72■As you go through your day, compareandcontrast things around you. Compareand contrast, for exam-ple, your current job ... (a compareandcontrast essay might tell youwhich car is better) or which savings bond to invest in(a compareandcontrast essay will show you whichbond is best for you).–SIMILARITIES AND ... essential for the compare and contrast technique. Look what happens, for example,when the writer does not discuss corresponding parts:–SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES: COMPAREAND CONTRAST –70...
... studies by Rubin (1975) and Naiman et al. (1978), and drew on a number of characteristics and the qualities of the good language learners. According to them, a good language learner would:- ... second language learning (Douglas et al 1995). The relationship between aptitude and second language learning success is a very important one and various studies, such as Gardner (1980) and Skehan ... ã The ability to understand and use grammatical rules. ã Memory of key words, what they mean and how to use them. An important point regarding aptitude and second language learning is that...
... and will to face hardships and adversities, and also has the ingenuity and determination to preserve himself and improve on his livelihood by fighting against nature. He is most practical and ... both his present demand and his future concerning. He always had objectives to attain and to better his actual life: a fine place to live in, good and delicious food to eat and to drink, etc. ... reality, the phenomena” land hedging and soil plundering” occurred. Farmers were driven out of their own lands and fields were turned into pastures for sheep-raising and wood-making industries....
... zip buzz piece price peas prizeListen and Repeat: IV. Homework: A. Use Wh-questions to rewrite the following sentences: 1. He will have bread and milk tomorrow. 2. Peter went fishing ... folk inging folk ssongongss..6.6.I’d like a pieI’d like a piecece of bread and of bread and ssome peaome peass, plea, pleasese.. Choose the word that contains the ... lesson:A.A. ACTIVITIES :ACTIVITIES : 1. Activity 1:1. Activity 1: a. Listen and a. Listen and repeat:repeat: FOR EXAMPLE:WHO ? : WHO IS HE?WHERE? :WHERE WAS HE BORN? 13245To...
... the green dress?ASSISTANT: It’s 30,000 dong LAN: And what about the violet dress?ASSISTANT: It’s 35,000 dong UNIT 9: AT HOME AND AWAY LANGUAGE FOCUS 31.How much is it ?2. Prepositions.3. ... ,…………………………………………….…… , and ……………………………… ………………. Minh: How about tomorrow?Nga: I …………………………………………………… , …………………………………… ,……………………………………… , ………………………………………… ,……………………………………………… …… , and …………………………………………… ... Stayed at Hoa’s housewill study English clean roomhelp my Mom see a movievisit my grandmother B. Ask and answer the questions with a partner, using HOW FARã- HOW FARã How far is it from....
... 1: Getting Started - Listen and Read + Language focus 1Saturday, october 9th 2010 1. Ba and his family had a two - day trip to their home village.-> Ba and his family had a day trip ... They visited Ba’s uncle.ListeningListen and Answer the questionsLesson 1: Getting Started + Listen and ReadWe will listen to the text about Ba, Liz and family taking a day trip to the countrysideSaturday, ... wish ? Homework: - Learn the new words by heart. - Do exercise 1 (Language focus) page 28,29 - Prepare for ‘speaking + Languagee focus 2,3‘ 12 35 67 84d/ Collecting eggse/ Harvesting...
... high-level languages, e.g. FORTRAN, COBOL, ALGOL,PL/1, PASCAL or BASIC, depending on the type of problem to be solved. A program written in one of these languages is often called a source program, and ... FORTRAN acronym for FORmula TRANslation. This language is used for solving scientific and mathematical problems. It consists of algebraic formulae and English phrases. It was first introduced ... in 1959. ALGOL acronym for ALGOrithmic Language. Originally called IAL, which means International Algebraic Language. It is used for mathematical and scientific purposes. ALGO was first introduced...
... relationships between achievement and school and familyvariables,7. to reinforce the call for high academic standards and educationalreform, and 8. to argue for system and school accountability.The ... Disabilities and English -Language Learners, Summary of a Workshop. Judith Anderson Koenig, edi-tor. Board on Testing and Assessment, Center for Education, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and ... withDisabilities and English -Language LearnersSummary of a WorkshopJudith Anderson Koenig, editorBoard on Testing and AssessmentCenter for EducationDivision of Behavioral and Social Sciences and EducationNATIONAL...
... Springer-Verlag.D. Jurafsky and J. Martin. 2008. Speech and Language Processing, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall.R. Kneser and H. Ney. 1995. Improved backing-off form-gram language modeling. The 20th ... parsing and language modeling. Computational Linguistics,27(2):249-276.S. Wang et al. 2005. Exploiting syntactic, semantic and lexical regularities in language modeling via directedMarkov random ... three linear Markovchains. We generalize Jelinek and Mercer’s originalrecursive mixing scheme (Jelinek and Mercer, 1981) and form a lattice to handle the situation where thecontext is a mixture...
... e.g. Lee and Myaeng’s (2002) genre and subject detection work and Boulis and Ostendorf’s (2005) work on featureselection for topic classification.For our LM classifiers, we followed Boulis and Ostendorf’s ... development and testsets. The dev and test sets are the same size and eachconsist of approximately 5% of the data for eachgrade level.measures. For comparison to other methods, e.g.Flesch-Kincaid and ... lists and/ or a superfi-cial representation of syntax. Our approach uses n-gram language models as a low-cost automatic ap-proximation of both syntactic and semantic analy-sis. Statistical language...
... quality photocopies, and faxes are still difficult to process and cause many errors. The accu- racy of handwritten OCR is still about 90% (Hilde- brandt and Liu, 1993), and it worsens dramatically ... 91% for magazines and introductory textbooks of science and technology. (Ito and Maruyama, 1992) used part of speech bigram model and beam search in order to get multiple candidates in their ... combinations of exactly and approximately matched words using a Viterbi-like word segmentation algorithm and a sta- tistical language model considering unknown words and non-words (Nagata,...
... Markov language model, and a simple set of unification grammar rules for the Chinese language, although the present model is in fact language independent. The system is written in C language and ... of a language model and a parser. The language model properly integrates the unification grammar and the Markov language model, while the parser is defined based on the augmented chart and ... grammar (Sheiber, 1986; Chien, 1990a) and a first-order Markov language model (Jelinek, 1976) and thus, combines many features of the grammatical and statistical language modeling approaches. The...
... operations AND, OR, and NOT and defined their meaning in terms of simple changeson bits. For example, the expression X AND Y is true (a “yes,” or a 1) if and only if, independently,X is a “yes” and ... NOT -AND. The expression 1.2 Digital and Numeric Representations 13r r AND no yesno no noyesno yesORno yesno no yesyesyes yesNOTno yesyesnoFigure 1.7 Truth tables for AND, OR, and ... circuit is called an AND gate, because it implements the AND function on the 2bits represented by the switch state. This tiny circuit and others like it (OR gates, NAND gates, and so forth), copied...
... predicate contain and its Actor and Patient dependents, where the Actor and Patient are the container and containee parameters respectively’]Translation rules that consult the ontology expandthe meaning ... natural and mathematical language in a uniform way. We showexample analyses in Section 5. In Section 6, weconclude and point out future work issues.2 Related work Language understanding in ... systems.The prominent characteristics of the language in ourcorpus include: (i) tight interleaving of natural and symbolic language, (ii) varying degree of natural language verbalization of the formal...