clo 2 use to meet wastewater treatment plant regulatory requirements
Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 2 potx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... modern water and wastewater treatment plants operators are required to perform skilled treatment plant operations work and to monitor, operate, adjust and regulate a computer-based treatment process ... water and wastewater operators © 20 03 by CRC Press LLC REFERENCES Spellman, F.R., Safe Work Practices for Wastewater Treatment Plants, 2nd ed., Technomic Publ., Lancaster, PA, 20 01, p 2 Job description ... employees, operators may be more specialized and only monitor one unit process (e.g., a solids handling operator who operates and monitors an incinerator) Along with treatment operators, plant staffing...
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Occurrence of Tetracycline-Resistant and Tetracycline- Degrading Bacteria in Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent and Environmental Water Systems
Ngày tải lên :
05/09/2013, 10:15
... River water and wastewater treatment plant effluent Sample Volume Unoke River Water Wastewater Treatment (mL) Plant Effluent 7 .2 3/3 0/3 0. 72 3/3 0/3 0.0 72 1/3 0/3 0.00 72 0/3 0/3 - 325 - Journal ... Waters by Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry, J Chromatogr A, 121 6 (22 ), 4655-46 62 Kohno T and Suzuki K (1999) A Critical Reveiew on the Methods to Calculate MPN as a Point ... bacteria in the Unoke River and the wastewater treatment plant effluent water samples was 375 CFU/mL and 885 CFU/mL, respectively The density of the wastewater treatment plant effluent sample that showed...
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Biological Alteration of Zinc Complexation Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter in Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent under River Water Environment
Ngày tải lên :
05/09/2013, 10:15
... 960 ± 14 sample After 7 .2 6.3 0.84 1.4 2. 2 340 ± 550 ± 890 ± days After 7 .2 6.3 0.86 1.4 2. 3 350 ± 550 ± 12 900 ± 14 days After 7 .2 6.3 0.83 1.3 2. 1 29 0 ± 14 460 ± 22 750 ± 26 month Note: K' = conditional ... 0.79 1.6 2. 4 140 ± 10 27 0 ± 20 410 ± 22 sample After 6.8 ND 1.0 ND 1.0 74 ± 17 ND 74 ± 17 weeks After 6.7 ND 1.1 ND 1.1 72 ± ND 72 ± weeks Original 7 .2 6.3 0.85 1.5 2. 4 350 ± 610 ± 12 960 ± 14 ... (from 2. 1 µg/L to 2. 5 µg/L) in the sample after month of incubation Decline of total ambient binding site concentration (from 960 nM to 750 nM) by 22 % after one month of incubation, might have caused...
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handbook of water and wastewater treatment plant operations frank r. spellman
Ngày tải lên :
01/04/2014, 11:46
... 6 .22 .2. 1 Peak Amplitude 6 .22 .2. 2 Peak -to- Peak Amplitude 6 .22 .2. 3 Instantaneous Amplitude 6 .22 .2. 4 Effective or Root-Mean-Square Value 6 .22 .2. 5 Average Value 6 .22 .3 Resistance in AC Circuits 6 .22 .4 ... Generation 6 .24 .2 DC Generators 6 .24 .3 AC Generators 6 .24 .4 Motors 6 .24 .4.1 DC Motors 6 .24 .4 .2 AC Motors 6 .24 .5 Transformers 6 .24 .6 Power Distribution System Protection 6 .24 .6.1 Fuses 6 .24 .6 .2 Circuit ... and Wastewater Operators and Their Roles 2. 1 2. 2 Water and Wastewater Operators Setting the Record Straight 2. 2.1 The Computer-Literate Jack 2. 2 .2 Plant Operators as Emergency Responders 2. 2.3...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 1 ppsx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... 6 .22 .2. 1 Peak Amplitude 6 .22 .2. 2 Peak -to- Peak Amplitude 6 .22 .2. 3 Instantaneous Amplitude 6 .22 .2. 4 Effective or Root-Mean-Square Value 6 .22 .2. 5 Average Value 6 .22 .3 Resistance in AC Circuits 6 .22 .4 ... Generation 6 .24 .2 DC Generators 6 .24 .3 AC Generators 6 .24 .4 Motors 6 .24 .4.1 DC Motors 6 .24 .4 .2 AC Motors 6 .24 .5 Transformers 6 .24 .6 Power Distribution System Protection 6 .24 .6.1 Fuses 6 .24 .6 .2 Circuit ... and Wastewater Operators and Their Roles 2. 1 2. 2 Water and Wastewater Operators Setting the Record Straight 2. 2.1 The Computer-Literate Jack 2. 2 .2 Plant Operators as Emergency Responders 2. 2.3...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 4 pps
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... example, 22 % means 22 out of 100, or if we divide 22 by 100, we get the decimal 0 .22 : Note: To determine what quantity a percent equals first convert the percent to a decimal then multiply by the total ... Convert 22 °C to Fahrenheit Step 1: Add 40°F: 22 °F + 40°F = 62 F Step 2: Because we are converting from Celsius to Fahrenheit, we are moving from a smaller to larger number, and should use 9/5 ... = 2. 31 ¥ 12. 2 psi = 28 .2 ft ( rounded ) © 20 03 by CRC Press LLC 70 psi ¥ 2. 31 ft psi = 161.7 ft of water Step 2: Convert psi to psf: 70 psi ¥ 144 in .2 ft = 10, 080 lb ft EXAMPLE 4.38 Step 2: ...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 5 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... (lb/ft3) Density (slugs/ft3) 32 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 20 0 21 0 62. 4 62. 4 62. 4 62. 4 62. 3 62. 2 62. 1 62. 0 61.9 61.7 61.5 61.4 61 .2 61.0 60.8 60.6 60.4 60.1 59.8 ... Equation 5.18, we get: 100 ¥ 144 62. 4 + 8.6 2 ¥ 32. 2 = PB ¥ 144 62. 4 + 34. 52 ¥ 32. 2 Note: The pressures are multiplied by 144 in2/ft2 to convert from psi to lb/ft2 to be consistent with the units ... head available at these various points V 12 2g hL Energy grade line V 22 2g Water surface y1 y1 AND V1 V2 y2 y2 V2 z1 Center line of pipe Channel bottom z2 z2 Datum Pipe flow Open channel flow FIGURE...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 6 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... ft @ 25 ∞C 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 28 9.0 25 8.0 22 9.0 20 4.0 1 82. 0 1 62. 0 144.0 128 .0 114.0 1 02. 0 91.0 81.0 72. 0 64.0 57.0 51.0 ... 5,180.0 4,110.0 3 ,26 0.0 2, 580.0 2, 050.0 1, 620 .0 1 ,29 0.0 1, 020 .0 810.0 6 42. 0 509.0 404.0 320 .0 25 4.0 20 2.0 160.0 127 .0 101.0 79.7 63 .2 50.1 39.8 31.5 25 .0 19.8 15.7 12. 5 9.9 126 159 20 1 25 3 319 403 ... through a 20 0-W resistor to be used in a circuit is 0 .25 A Find the power rating of the resistor Solution: Since I and R are known, use Equation 6.5 to find P P = I2 ¥ R = 0 .25 2 ¥ 20 0 = 0.0 625 ¥ 20 0...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 7 pps
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... (part [a}): © 20 03 by CRC Press LLC 0.785 ft2 ¥ ft/sec = 0.196 ft2 ¥ V2 180 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations Solving for V2: V2 = 0.785 ft ¥ ft sec 0.196 ft = 12 ft sec ... psi psi Equivalent Head 35 .2 34.0 32. 2 30.5 28 .3 26 .2 25 .2 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft Source: From Spellman, F.R and Drinan, J., Pumping, Technomic Publ., Lancaster, PA, 20 01 Cavitation an implosion ... Well Sampling Sludge To lift water from the storage to treatment processes or from storage to filter-backwashing system To discharge water under pressure to distribution system To increase pressure...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 8 pps
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... Spellman, F.R., Safe Work Practices for Wastewater Treatment Plants, Technomic Publ., Lancaster, PA, 1996, pp 20 1 20 2 28 2 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations 30 American Water ... often used in water and wastewater treatment operations Plant maintenance operators need to be familiar with the pipe codes used in their plants 8.3.4 METALLIC PIPING MATERIALS In the not too distant ... from conveying raw petroleum from field to refinery, to the conveyance of raw water from source to treatment facility, to wastewater discharge point to treatment to outfall, and several others When...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 9 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... measurement is used to calculate the flow or the flow is determined by using a table or graph Because wastewater contains suspended and floating solids, it prohibits the use of enclosed meters This ... differential pressure is measured Rotational element is used to measure velocity The sound waves are used to measure velocity and depth Float is used to obtain the depth of flow Devices a w = water application; ... S.R., Wastewater Treatment Plants: Planning, Design, and Operation, Technomic Publ., Lancaster, PA, 1994, p 22 1 With permission Flow (Q [gal min]) = ( ( ) Tank Volume ft ¥ 7.48 gal ft 9.3 .2 CALCULATION...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 10 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... Moseley used x-ray methods to determine the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom The atomic number, or number of protons, of an atom is related to its atomic structure In turn, atomic structure ... properties Atomic weight 12. 01 Symbol C Name Carbon Atomic number FIGURE 10 .2 Periodic table entry for carbon 29 6 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations The periodic table is useful ... single proton The atomic weight of an element is equal to the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element In order to gain an understanding of basic atomic structure...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 12 pdf
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11/08/2014, 10:22
... PROBLEMS 12. 1 The major ecological unit is _ 12. 2 Those organisms residing within or on the bottom sediments are _ 12. 3 Organisms attached to plants or rocks are referred to as _ 12. 4 ... original 10 Ecosystems Topics, http://www.so.gmu.edu/Irockwoo/ ECCSTSTEMS %20 TOPICS.htm, 20 00, p 4, accessed October 20 02 11 Lichatowich, J., Salmon Without Rivers: A History of the Pacific Salmon ... Concepts, J Weston Walch Publ., Portland, ME, 1989, p 67 With permission.) Ability to migrate to new territories Ability to compete with species for food and space to live Ability to blend into the environment...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 13 ppsx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... present in wastewater Sulfate is reduced biologically to sulfide, which in turn can combine with hydrogen to form hydrogen sulfide (H2S) H2S is toxic to animals and plants H2S in interceptor systems ... and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations material, treat biodegradable organics, and eliminate pathogenic organisms Regulatory efforts were pointed toward constructing wastewater treatment plants ... effort to control the discharge of wastewater into the environment, preliminary regulatory efforts focused on protecting public health The goal of this early wastewater treatment program was to remove...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 14 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 14.60 14.19 13.81 13.44 13.09 12. 75 12. 43 12. 12 11.83 11.55 11 .27 11.01 10.76 10. 52 10 .29 10.07 9.85 9.65 9.45 9 .26 9.07 8.90 8. 72 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 ... 17 21 26 10 1.0 0.1 MPN/100 mL 4 4 2 3 1 22 26 27 33 34 5 5 5 0 1 1 2 23 31 43 33 46 63 5 5 5 2 3 2 49 70 94 79 110 140 5 4 180 130 170 5 4 4 22 0 28 0 350 5 5 5 5 5 5 24 0 350 540 920 1600 24 00 ... Standard Handbook for Wastewater Operators, Vol 1, Technomic Publ., Lancaster, PA, 1999.) Lake or reservoir 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Stream or river...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 15 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... primary reason for storing water is to meet peak demands and to store water to meet demands when the flow of the source is below the demand Raw water is stored in natural storage sites (such as ... freshwater were used In 1975, the total increased to 455 billion gal Projected use in 20 02 was about 725 billion gal The primary sources of freshwater include the following: © 20 03 by CRC Press ... F.R., The Handbook for Wastewater Operator Certification, Technomic Publ., Lancaster, PA, 20 01.) © 20 03 by CRC Press LLC 4 42 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations pump placed...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 16 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... reserved area, usually distant from the treatment plant, where natural or artificial lakes are used for water storage, natural sedimentation, and seasonal pretreatment, with or without disinfection ... protection Implementation of regulatory compliance requirements (with guidance provided by the U.S Department of Health) is left up to state and local health department officials to implement Water protection ... and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations proper storage, handling, application and covering, and isolation of materials) 16.9 CHAPTER REVIEW QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS 16.1 Define watershed 16 .2 Another...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 17 pot
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... 100% 70% 50% 20 % Dosage 22 2/ 121 154/ 121 108/ 121 40/ 121 1.86 1. 32 0.90 0. 32 mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L This is ideal because the dosage we want to feed is at the 50% setting for our chlorinator We can ... 626 Predisinfection, Oxidation/Softening 66.3% 68.8% 58.6% 5.0% 4.7% 13 .2% 2. 1% 0% 2. 2% 0% 0.3% 0% 9.9% 15 .2% 28 .3% 2. 9% 0.6% 9 .2% Postdisinfection 77.9% 0.3% 2. 1% 4.0% Groundwater Systems Total ... 0% 0% 2. 2% 0% 2. 9% 2. 9% 2. 2% 3.6% 3.5% 3.8% 5.0% 9.1% 3 .2% 0% 0.5% 0% 0.6% 1.4% 1.5% 2. 8% 1.1% 0.6% Chlorine Chlorine dioxide Chloramines Postdisinfection/ combinations 23 .0% 0% 0% 0% 23 .4% 1.0%...
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Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations - Chapter 18 (end) docx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... of wastewater passing over ft2 of tank/d This can be used to compare actual conditions with design Plant designs generally use a surface loading rate of 300 to 120 0 gal/d/ ft2 Other terms used ... the 5 52 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations bacterial action to produce oxygen (photosynthesis) Because this type of pond is the most commonly used in wastewater treatment, ... (contact) N/A 85–95% 85–95% No Oxidation Ditch 24 24 2 4 25 –100 20 00–6000 2 4 25 –100 20 00–6000 1–3 400–700 0.05–0.15 20 –30 85–95% 85–95% No 1–3 400–700 0.05–0.15 20 –30 85–95% 85–95% No N/A = not available...
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MATHEMATICS MANUAL FOR WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT OPERATORS - PART pps
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 13:22
... day = 24 80 + 23 98 + 24 80 + 25 58 + 27 80 + 24 76 + 27 56 = 25 61 Moving average, day = BOD 3340 + 24 80 + 23 98 + 24 80 + 25 58 + 27 80 + 24 76 = 26 45 23 98 + 24 80 + 25 58 + 27 80 + 24 76 + 27 56 + 26 55 = 25 86 ... Figure 22 .3 © 20 04 by CRC Press LLC L1675_C 22. fm Page 23 4 Saturday, January 31, 20 04 5:47 PM 23 4 Mathematics for Water /Wastewater Treatment Plant Operators 12 yd3 Volume 2. 4 ft3/day FIGURE 22 .3 ... days (22 .1) Screenings removed (cu ft MG) = screenings (cu ft ) flow (MG) (22 .2) 23 1 © 20 04 by CRC Press LLC L1675_C 22. fm Page 23 2 Saturday, January 31, 20 04 5:47 PM 23 2 Mathematics for Water/Wastewater...
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