... an internal control Only CD4+ cells expressing CD25 with higher intensities than the CD8+ cells were included in the gate for CD25high cells The gate for CD25low cells was set to include cells ... properties, and T cells were identified based on their expression of CD4and CD3 To discriminate between CD25high Tregand CD25low activated effector-memory T cells, we used CD25 expression on CD8+ cells ... of CD4+ CD25 +HF Foxp3+ cells Region P4 on Figure 1C represents the Foxp3 +CD4+ CD25+ cells used to calculate the percentage of Tregcellsin CD4+ lymphocytes As shown in Figure 2A, higher basal Treg...
... expansion of CD4+ CD28– T cells has been found in the inflamed plaque of such patients [12] Table Frequency of CD4+ CD28– T cellsin control group andin patients with RA Subjects CD4+ CD28– T cells (%)a ... Dickinson) and the results were analyzed with PC-lysis software (Becton Dickinson) The fraction of cells within the CD4+ population that was CD28– was calculated by gating on the CD4+ CD28+ and CD4+ CD28– ... by histomorphology (in biopsy specimens from skin and bowel or duodenum), and vasculitis, by histomorphology (skin biopsy) and angiogram All the patients in this group had joint erosions Patients...
... EBV-specific IFN -producing T cellsand disease activity (Dis- Figure Epstein-Barr virus-specific IFN -producing T cells Number of IFN -producing T cells per 106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) ... T cellsand arising in allograft recipients receiving immunosuppressive drugs [12] Taken together, such data provide reliable arguments to investigate a potential EBV reactivation during MTX and/ or ... (Biochrom, Berlin, Germany) The PBMCs were then frozen in FCS containing 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Sigma, Saint-Quentin Fallavier, France) and stored in liquid nitrogen until use Epstein-Barr virus...
... antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and play a key role in linking innate and adaptive host immune responses to microorganisms Distinct subsets of circulating DCs can be identified in peripheral blood, including ... LipopolysacchaLipopolysaccharide-induced intracellular cytokine expression in monocytes and myeloid dendritic sepsis sepsis ride (LPS)-induced intracellular cytokine expression in monocytes andin myeloid dendritic cells ... and TLR9 agonist-induced cellular responses in MDCs and PDCs in patients with sepsis In line with previous findings, we found increased IL-10 levels in septic patients at baseline and at day 28...
... mean cpm obtained in cultures incubated in the absence of antigen An SI ≥3.0 and a ∆cpm >1,000 (mean cpm obtained in cultures with antigen minus mean cpm obtained in cultures incubated in the absence ... subtype, as defined by their predominant IFN secretion To gain more insight into the role of autoantigen specific T cellsin SLE, we investigated spontaneous T cell responses to hnRNP-A2 in ... phytohemagglutinin and 20 U/ml IL-2 in medium containing 1% heat-inactivated human AB serum Growing microcultures were then expanded at weekly intervals with fresh feeder cellsin the presence of...
... significantly inhibited the expression of intracellular IFN- γ in CD4- and CD8-positive T cells of patients with RA and controls (Figure 3c, d) The inhibition of IFN- γ expression in CD4- positive T cells ... of CD4/ IFN - and CD8 /IFN- γ-positive T cells were detected in the control Available online http://arthritis-research.com/content/8/5/R138 Figure Modulation of interferon (IFN) -γ and interleukin ... The concentrations of IFN- γ upon co-incubation with (a) epinephrine (EPI) and (b) norepinephrine (NE) and of IL-10 upon co-incubation with (c) EPI and (d) NE were determined in the culture supernatant...
... eating potatoes, bread, and cereals and selecting whole-grain products as often as possible [19] Dietary intake follow-up The introductory intervention period lasted to days for both groups During ... role of oxLDL in promoting the chronic inflammation present in RA, but it is interesting to note that oxLDL is present in foam cellsin synovia from patients with RA [47], indicating that oxLDL ... importance of diets on lipoprotein profile is the low incidence of myocardial infarction in Greenland Eskimos, whose high-fat diet is rich in marine lipids [33,34] In the vegan group, neither the levels...
... circumference value less than 80 cm in women and 94 cm in men indicates low risk, 80–87.9 cm in women and 94–101.9 cm in men indicates intermediate risk, and a value Page of 11 (page number not ... Acknowledgements We are grateful to Inger Vedin for analyzing oxLDL and anti-PC antibodies, and to Siv Tengblad for analyzing fatty acids in adipose tissue This work was supported by grants from The ... the women and 5% in the men High LDL levels were present in 51% of the women andin 32% of the Anthropometrical assessments and body composition measurement As shown in Table the change in body...
... glucocorticoid induced insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1) resistence without influencing myoglobin and IGF1 binding proteins and Ann Rhuem Dis 2006, 65:301-305 Fraser R, Ingram MC, Anderson NH, ... demonstrating that GC use in RA paradoxically restores glucose handling to normal whilst also inducing hyperinsulinism [68] In the present RA population, it is possible that GC use restored glucose handling ... lipoprotein-cholesterol and lipoprotein lipase activity in trained and untrained men Metabolism 1987, 36:188-192 57 Ettinger WH, Goldberg AP, Applebaum-Bowden D, Hazzard WR: Dyslipoproteinemia in systemic...
... which interleukin 17 induces articular cartilage breakdown in vitro andin vivo Cytokine 2001, 16:10-21 LeGrand A, Fermor B, Fink C, Pisetsky DS, Weinberg JB, Vail TP, Guilak F: Interleukin-1, ... synovial lining cellsand an intense infiltration by mononuclear cells [23] Proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF-α are abundant in rheumatoid synovium, whereas the T cell-derived cytokines, ... model [27] A complex interaction between cellsin inflamed RA joints might produce a variety of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which also activate other cellsin the joints For example,...
... turnover and clinical parameters or bone mineral density values On looking for correlation between bone markers and clinical parameters in the whole population (control and infliximab groups), some interesting ... baseline and year Effect of infliximab on bone mineral density values over year Various factors are known to influence BMD, including age, sex, menopause status and steroid use In order to examine ... baseline and at year, expressed as mean ± standard deviation In each group, data were compared using the Student's paired t-test for continuous variables, between baseline and year BMD, bone mineral...
... in joint space narrowing In contrast, progression in joints-of-interest appeared to be the consequence both of progression in erosions and of joint space narrowing Discussion The logic incorporated ... unknown and different in each patient This argument is also pertinent in evaluation progression scores In a preliminary study within the OMERACT working group on repair we investigated whether a group ... the single joints of Exercise I Inter-reader agreement for Exercise II was assessed for each reader pair for both the single joint inferred assignment of repair and progression and the whole hand/foot...
... inflammation and cartilage degradation were inhibited by blocking IL-1β but not IL-1α In RA patients, IL-1β is overexpressed in inflamed synovial tissue, in particular in the lining layer andin sublining ... per 106 cells) in vitro hIL-1β-induced arthritis was induced by intra-articular injection of 104 IB2 cells into the right knee joints of DBA-1 miceMice were injected with ACZ885 or isotype control ... Scoring was performed on decoded slides by two separate observers, using the following parameters In the haematoxylin/eosin stained slides the amount of cells infiltrating the synovial lining and...
... glucocorticoid induced insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1) resistence without influencing myoglobin and IGF1 binding proteins and Ann Rhuem Dis 2006, 65:301-305 Fraser R, Ingram MC, Anderson NH, ... demonstrating that GC use in RA paradoxically restores glucose handling to normal whilst also inducing hyperinsulinism [68] In the present RA population, it is possible that GC use restored glucose handling ... lipoprotein-cholesterol and lipoprotein lipase activity in trained and untrained men Metabolism 1987, 36:188-192 57 Ettinger WH, Goldberg AP, Applebaum-Bowden D, Hazzard WR: Dyslipoproteinemia in systemic...
... were routinely performed Residuals exceeding three standard deviations were checked for data errors Results Baseline demographics and soluble biomarkers Baseline demographics for included and excluded ... points (Table 3) In multivariate linear regression models, elevated levels of antiCCP and ESR were independently associated with one-year loss in DXR-BMD (Table 4) This finding was confirmed in ... observed in high levels of IgA RF for one and two years of bone loss and elevated IgM and CRP levels for two- and five-year bone loss In addition, patients with increased age and HAQ, and DMARD and...
... acceptable standard during the primary investigation and following further training levels of agreement increased to a good standard The foot is a complex structure with many small joints and podiatrists ... good agreements for all examined joints (kappa 0.76) although low agreement for ankle/toe joints (0.28 kappa) was reported [27] In evaluating scanning technique and diagnostic criteria, a group ... accessibility with the MSUS probes and as it has been reported as being the most common site of radiographic and sonographic erosion in RA [23] MSUS Scanning Training and Protocol Development The Podiatrist...
... calculated, including C-reactive protein [37] Joints were examined for swelling and tenderness by a single trained examiner The extent of radiographic joint damage was assessed at the baseline visit ... identified in the final predictive models, ROC curves were constructed for models including only reported symptoms, including symptoms + pertinent sociodemographic and RA characteristics, and including ... detailed questions investigating the amount and intensity of intentional exercise and was calculated in minutes/week and metabolic equivalents/week Functional levels were assessed using the Stanford...
... the study and helped with data analysis and drafting the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests ... eliminated when 0.5% sodium chloride is used [44], as in the present study Thus, differences in protocol make comparing the findings of both studies difficult In the present study, differences in ... function in healthy individuals have reported mixed findings, with some reporting an association between microvascular and macrovascular endothelial-dependent function [22,23] and others reporting...
... in major categories, including: treatment for RA flare (including treatment for severe pain and joint aspiration and injection), single or multiple diagnostic tests requiring admission, emergency ... exercise and physical activity significantly improve RA patient outcomes (by promoting beneficial body composition changes and reducing fatigue), inhibit progression of the disease (by reducing inflammation ... analyses and interpretation of data GJT and AMN have contributed in the statistical analyses of the data GDK has been involved in revising the manuscript critically for its important intellectual...