... a destination network H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com NetworkLayer Protocols and Internet Protocol (IP) • • Define the basic role of the NetworkLayer in data networks The protocols ... networks The protocols of the OSI model Networklayer specify addressing and processes that enable Transport layer data to be packaged and transported The Networklayer encapsulation allows its ... need to know network portion (network address) to indicate the best path to reach the network H c vi n m ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 35 Routing Protocols • Routing is an OSILayer function...
... www.bkacad.com Physical Layer Protocols & Services • The OSI Physical layer provides the means to transport across the network media the bits that make up a Data Link layer frame H c vi n m ng ... Physical layer signaling and encoding as they are used in networks Identify the basic characteristics of copper, fiber and wireless network media Describe common uses of copper, fiber and wireless network ... receiver circuitry on the network devices At this stage of the communication process, the user data has been segmented by the Transport layer, placed into packets by the Network layer, and further encapsulated...
... Website: www.bkacad.com Transport Layer Role and Services • Explain the purpose of the Transport layer • Enables multiple applications • • to communicate over the network at the same time on a single ... ng Bách khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com Transport Layer Role and Services • Major functions of the transport layer and the role it plays in data networks – Tracking the individual communication ... Overview • • • • Explain the role of Transport Layer protocols and services in supporting communications across data networks Analyze the application and operation of TCP mechanisms...
... URL:http://mike.passwall.com/networking/netmodels/isoosi7layermodel.html [4] R Feig, “The OSI Reference Model”, Date Unknown, URL:http://www2.rad.com/networks/1994 /osi/ osi.htm [5] H S Ha, OSILayer , 2000 URL:http://userpages.umbc.edu/~hha1 /network/ protocol.html ... Applying the OSI seven -layer model to Information Security Layer Four - Transport Layer fu ll r igh ts The Transport Layer is concerned with the transmission of data streams into the lower layers of ... Applying the OSI seven -layer model to Information Security Layer Six- Presentation Layer fu ll r igh ts The Presentation Layer deals with the organization of data passed from the application layer into...
... addresses Solution a There must be no leading zero (0 45) b There can be no more than four numbers c Each number needs to be less than or equal to 255 d A mixture of binary notation and dotted-decimal ... a 00000001 00001011 00001011 11101111 b 11000001 10000011 00011011 11111111 c 14.23.120.8 d 252 .5. 15. 111 Solution a The first bit is This is a class A address b The first bits are 1; the third ... 19.30 Figure 19.4 A network configuration for the block 2 05. 16.37.32/28 19.31 Note The first address in a block is normally not assigned to any device; it is used as the network address that...
... Internet as a Datagram Network Internet as a Connectionless Network 20.2 Figure 20.1 Links between two hosts 20.3 Figure 20.2 Networklayer in an internetwork 20.4 Figure 20.3 Networklayer at the source, ... 20-1 INTERNETWORKING In this section, we discuss internetworking, connecting networks together to make an internetwork or an internet Topics discussed in this section: Need for NetworkLayer Internet ... the source, router, and destination 20 .5 Figure 20.3 Networklayer at the source, router, and destination (continued) 20.6 Note Switching at the networklayer in the Internet uses the datagram...
... with a multicast address from 224.0.0.0 to 239. 255 . 255 . 255 is masked and delivered to the Ethernet interface 21 .50 Example 21.9 (continued) 21 .51 ... 130.23.43. 25 and physical address A4:6E:F4 :59 :83:AB The two hosts are on the same Ethernet network Show the ARP request and reply packets encapsulated in Ethernet frames Solution Figure 21 .5 shows ... of bytes as 64 This is the total number of bytes in the ICMP packet (56 + 8) 21.24 Example 21.3 (continued) 21. 25 Figure 21. 15 The traceroute program operation 21.26 Example 21.4 We use the traceroute...
... 22-1 DELIVERY The networklayer supervises the handling of the packets by the underlying physical networks We define this handling as the delivery of a packet ... 22.2 Route method versus next-hop method 22 .5 Figure 22.3 Host-specific versus network- specific method 22.6 Figure 22.4 Default method 22.7 Figure 22 .5 Simplified forwarding module in classless ... 180.70. 65. 140 Solution The router performs the following steps: The first mask (/26) is applied to the destination address The result is 180.70. 65. 128, which does not match the corresponding network...
... OSInetworklayerOSI model layer TCP/IP model Internet layer Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data link Physical 17-Jul-12 Data stream ... – in chapter 17-Jul-12 CCNA Exploration Semester Purpose of layer Decide how to get the data from source to destination, then route it 17-Jul-12 CCNA Exploration Semester Layer protocol A layer ... 17-Jul-12 TCP or UDP used in Transport layerCCNA Exploration Semester 15 Protocol field enables the Networklayer to pass the data to the appropriate upper -layer protocol Example values are: 01...
... Simulated 120 150 150 30 60 90 Measured - Simulated 180 00 -10 30 60 -30 90 150 150 -20 60 -30 120 180 120 (b) H-plane at 5. 5GHz 30 -20 60 60 90 (a) H-plane at 3.5GHz 00 30 -30 90 150 -10 -20 ... will be widened as well as excellent level of matching can be achieved -5 R tu L ss,d e rn o B -10 - 15 -20 25 30 45, Opt 65 - 25 -30 Fig 12 Effects of second bevel angle frequency,GHz 10 11 12 UWB ... 15 and 16 illustrate the simulated and measured H-plane and E-plane radiation patterns 128 Mobile and Wireless Communications: Networklayer and circuit level design respectively at 3 .5, 5. 5,...
... Operates at multiple OSI Model layers Email gateway Internet gateway LAN gateway Voice/data gateway Firewall 45 SUMMARY 46 Network adapters come in a variety of types depending on access method, network transmission ... Dual inline package (DIP) switch indicates parameter setting 15 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING NIC HARDWARE 16 Figure 5- 10: A properly inserted NIC 16 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING NIC HARDWARE (CONTINUED) 17 Figure 5- 11: Installing a PCMCIA-standard ... dedicated channel 31 INSTALLING A SWITCH 32 Figure 5- 20: Connecting a workstation to a switch 32 INSTALLING A SWITCH (CONTINUED) 33 Figure 5- 21: A switch on a small network 33 CUTTHROUGH MODE 34 Switch running in cutthrough mode reads frame’s ...