biological process design wastewater treatment

... with the wastewater treatment programme attributes. 3.2 Survey Design and Administration The first step in choice experiment design is to define the attributes of the wastewater treatment ... the wastewater generated by the municipality with primary treatment. This would significantly reduce the discharge of untreated wastewater in the Ganga. Low *, High Quality treated wastewater ... wastewater Current capacity of the STP can only treat wastewater with primary treatment technology. The quality of wastewater treated with primary treatment is low, and when used for agri/aquaculture...

... ENTREPRENEURSHIP, INNOVATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH VOLUME 16 UNIVERSITY ENTREPRENEURS HIP AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER: PROCESS, DESIGN, AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY EDITED BY GARY D. LIBECAP The University of Arizona, USA Amsterdam ... community wishing to launch startup firms. University Entrepreneurship and Technology Transfer: Process, Design, and Intellectual Property Advances in the Study of Entrepreneurship, Innovation and ... graduation of students. Research on basic scientific and life processes and engineering also eventually results in applications in new products and processes. Given the large investment in university research,...

... 81 AppendixB–SummaryofleadingpracticesbySolidWasteand Wastewater Treatment Divisions 82 AppendixC–Auditareabenchm arking 85  AppendixD–OrganizationalstructureofKingCountyUtilities 91 AppendixE–Solidwaste treatment process diagram ... Issues 5 remainopenfortwomoreyearsifthemaintenanceshopatthelandllwereremovedand thespaceusedforgarbage.ThiswouldresultintheCountysavingapproximately$25million duringthetwoyearsbynotpayingtohaulgarbagetoanothersite. Additionally,thelandlldischarges wastewater intotheseweratacostofapproximately$1 millionperyear.Thelandllcouldcapturethe wastewater andrecirculateitoverthetopofthe landlltohelpexistinggarbagedecayfasterandcompacttighter,creatingadditionalairspace thatwillextendthelifeofthelandll.Weestimatebycreatingthisextraspace,thelandll couldsaveanadditional$31.1millionstartingbetween2016and2018bynottransporting garbagetoanotherlocation. Thelandllcouldcaptureandselladditionalmethanegeneratedfromtherecirculationof wastewater intothelandll.Weestimatethelandllcouldgeneratefrom$1.1millionto$3.1 millioninrevenueinmethanesalesoverveyears. TheSolidWasteDivisionwillneedtopursueregulatoryapprovalfromthestateDepartmentof Ecologytomodifyitspermitbeforeitcaninstitutetheserecommendations.Thepotentialcost savingsdonotincludepotentialcostsforimplementingtherecommendations. Biogas use The Wastewater Treatment Divisionhasnotensureditscapitalinvestmentsinbiogas generationarecost-eective. In2004,the Wastewater Treatment DivisiondevelopedaplaninresponsetoaKingCounty ExecutiveOrdertoconstructawaste-to-energysystematitsWestPointPlanttocollect methanegasgeneratedfromwater treatment anduseittogenerateelectricalpower. In2004,theDivisionpurchasedtwogeneratorsfor$4.8millionbeforeitobtainedanaccurate estimateofhowmuchitwouldcosttocompletetheproject.Thecosttocompletetheproject, whichwasestimatedat$6.1millionin2004,grewto$39.2millionin2009.Theprojectis currentlyonhold. Inadditiontousingthebiogasbyproducttogenerateelectricity,theDivisioncouldclean impuritiesfromthegasandsellaportionofthegastolocalutilitiesthroughtheexisting pipeline,asitdoesattheSouthPlant.AlthoughtheCountystatedthepipelinecouldnot handletheadditionalgaspressure,itdidnotconsiderapartialdistributiontotheutility.We estimateiftheplantsoldportionofitsbiogasasacommodity,itcouldgenerate$2.7million overthenextveyears. Overtime ... Incorporateslong-rangeplanningintotheconstructionofitslandlls. Wastewater Treatment Division • Reusesheatgeneratedbyitspumps. • CollectsandsellsbiogasasacommodityattheSouthPlant. • Usesreclaimedwaterforoperationsatboth treatment plants. •...

... modify existing ones. Process design refers to the design of food processes and manufacturing methods, while plant design refers to the design of the whole processing plant. The processing of food ... Crystallization Process Design 648 John J. Fitzpatrick Introduction 648 Crystallization 651 Crystallization Equipment 660 Process Design of Batch Cooling Crystallizers 663 Process Design of Continuous ... 332 References 333 13 Pasteurisation Process Design 335 Gary Tucker Introduction 335 HACCP in Pasteurisation Process Design 336 Processing Options 337 Pasteurisation Design Principles 339 Empirical...

... Cataloging-in-Publication Data Speight, J. G. Chemical and process design handbook / James Speight. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-07-137433-7 (acid-free paper) 1. Chemical processes. I. Title. TP155.7 .S63 2002 660′.2812—dc21 ... 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene can be changed readily to 4-chloro-2-nitroaniline by treatment with aqueous ammonia. Other molecules offer more processing difficulty, and pressure vessels are required for the production ... alcohol. It is used in making acetone, cosmetics, chemical derivatives, and as a process solvent. There are four processes that are available for the manufacture of iso-propyl alcohol: 1.24 Speight_Part...

... biomass production during wastewater treatment, Wat. Res., accepted for publication. Low E. W. and Chase H. A. (1998c) Reduced biomass production during wastewater treatment, II. Eects on oxygen ... consequences of redu- cing biomass production on these aspects are also discussed. BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES WITHIN WASTEWATER TREATMENT Secondary sludges contain inert solids and bio- logical solids, collectively ... WITHIN WASTEWATER TREATMENT While no single species is capable of utilising all the assorted organic and inorganic compounds found in wastewaters, the heterogeneous microbial population in a wastewater...

... cooling lubricant [94], wastewater from coke-production [95], mining wastewater [67], groundwater [60], food processing wastewater [96], fat-containing solutions [97], restau- rant wastewater [42] or ... is usually to use iron for wastewater treatment and alu- minum for water treatment because iron is relatively cheaper. The aluminum plates are also finding applica- tions in wastewater treatment either ... useful in wastewater treatment [37]. It has been employed in treating wastewaters from textile [38–41], catering [29,42], petroleum, tar sand and oil shale wastewater [43], carpet wastewater...

... Scientific Biology of Wastewater Treatmen t (New Edition) bwt 16 How Nature Deals with Waste Table 1.8. Main chemical and biological unit processes employed in wastewater treatment. Process Description Chemical ... rapid expansion of wastewater treatment is allowing manufacturers to experiment with new innovative designs and processes, and for the first time in nearly half a century new sewage treatment plants ... Over half of this was on wastewater provision. In the year 1998/1999, £1.9bn was spent on new wastewater treatment plants alone as compliance with the European Union Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive...

... are used in biological treatment are listed in Table 1 along with the treatment agents and typical wastes that are treated. TABLE 1 METHODS OF BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT Process Treatment ... aerobic treatment) . Any one or more of these transport rates can be the controlling factors that determine the process efficiency. Types of Biological Processes Biological treatment processes ... here is a review of current studies concerning biological treatment of hazardous waste, along with non -biological strategies. Biological treatment is an expanding field which has shown success...

... aerobic treatment) . Any one or more of these transport rates can be the controlling factors that determine the process efficiency. Types of Biological Processes Biological treatment processes ... INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL WASTES 1 Wastewater Treatment 3 BOD Removal 5 Types of Biological Processes 5 Municipal Wastewater 6 Activated Sludge Process 7 Sludge 10 Tapered ... and wastewater treatment / Nicholas P. Cheremisnoff. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Sewage Purification Biological treatment. 2. Water- -Purification Biological...