... let such a silly incident …… your friendship? a. wreck b. to wreck c. wrecking d. that wrecks3.He finds it ……… lasting friendships.a. difficult to make b. difficulty in makingc. is difficult ... see12.Collecting old coins and paper notes ……. one of my hobbies.A. being B. were C. are D. is13. He had so ……. things to do.A. many B. a lot of C. much D. little14. Nothing will make me ……. my mind.A. ... was buckling d. have buckled18. A small stone struck the windshield while we …… down the gravel road.a. drive b. were driving c. had driven d. had been driving19. What made you more interested...
... Speech-plans: Generating evaluative responses in spoken dia-logue. In Proceedings of INLG 2002.Michael White. 2004. Reining in CCG chart realization. In Proceedings of INLG 2004.Michael White. ... Generating tailored, compara-tive descriptions in spoken dialogue. In Proceedingsof FLAIRS 2004.Mark Steedman. 2000a. Information structure andthe syntax-phonology interface. Linguistic Inquiry,31(4):649–689.Mark ... planning with XSLT. In Proceedingsof NLPXML-2004.Mary Ellen Foster and Michael White. 2005. Assessingthe impact of adaptive generationin the COMIC multi-modal dialogue system. In Proceedings...
... reference test. In addition, accuracy studies require that observers assessing gold standards verifying the diagnosis be blinded to measurements obtained from the test and vice versa. Blinding avoids ... have gained increasing visibility in the medical literature. Reviewers’ attention is becoming focussed on systematic reviews of test accuracy literature (1, 2, 3). Considering the clinical ... appraise test accuracy reviews with an informed mind thus minimising erroneous inferences. REFERENCES 1. Khan KS, Dinnes J, Kleijnen J. Systematic reviews to evaluate diagnostic tests....
... white-box testing methods such assymbolic execution may be used to generate good quality test inputs. However, such test input generation techniquesrun into certain problems when dealing with ... generating object-oriented unit tests usingsymbolic execution. In TACAS, 2005.[32] J. Zhang, C. Xu, and S C. Cheung. Automatic generation of database instances for white-box testing. In COMPSAC,2001.161database ... England, United Kingdom.Copyright 2007 ACM 978-1-59593-734-6/07/0007 $5.00.Keywords: directed random testing, database applica-tions, automatictest generation, concolic testing.1. INTRODUCTIONPrograms...
... Carberry. 1995. Gener- ating information-sharing subdialognes in expert-user consultation. In Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. To appear. ... Arguing about planning alternatives. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, pages 906-910. Rachel Reichman. 1981. Modeling informal debates. In Proceedings ... Linguistics. Bonnie Webber and Atavind Joshi. 1982. Taking the initiative in natural language data base interactions: Justifying why. In Proceedings of COLING-82, pages 413-418. Steve Whittaker...
... E medical-findings [ show(X-ray,f)} Just printing the extension of this set, NO p ~tastases. 99 One problem in transforming phrases into predicate calculus and than regenerating them is ... (replacement of predicates not appearing in the data base by their definitions in terms of predicates in the data base). The simplification stage performs certain optimi- zations on nested quantifiers, ... sufficient to print the corresponding set, since the predicate which this set satisfies is not explicit in the question. For example, in the data base of radiology reports we are currently using, a...
... using the above definitions, as the resulting semantic structure contains information introduced by the determiner. On the other hand, a lexical NP such as Harry will bind a variable in ... Unification Grammars. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and the 24th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computatinoal Linguistics, Institut fur Kommunikationsforschung ... for Parsing and Generation. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Budapest, 22-27 August, 1988, 614-619. Steedman, M. J. (1987) Combinatory Grammars...
... 2002xixContentsvii4.FINGERPRINTING FOR IP USER’S RIGHT PROTECTION12Motivation and ChallengesFingerprinting Objectives2.12.22.32.4A Symmetric Interactive IP Fingerprinting TechniqueGeneral Fingerprinting ... for Fingerprinting in IP ProtectionFingerprinting Objectives3Iterative Fingerprinting Techniques3.13.23.33.3.13.3.23.3.33.3.43.4Iterative Optimization TechniquesGeneric Approach VLSI ... itera-tive fingerprinting technique; right: constraint additionbased fingerprinting technique.).357111214151718This page intentionally left blank2INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION IN VLSI...
... variablefor each domain entity.736.2 LearningThe REG module was trained in learning mode us-ing the above reward function using the SHAR-SHA reinforcement learning algorithm (with lin-ear function ... (Learned HS) during training. It can beseen in the figure 2 that towards the end the curveplateaus signifying that learning has converged.Figure 2: Learning curves - Training7 Evaluation In this section, ... state of the conversation. In our study, in addition to maintaining an overall di-alogue state, the system maintains a user modelUMs,twhich records the initial domain knowl-edge of the user....
... timeline are linked if their interiors overlap (Bird & Ellison, 1994). The interior of a constituent is the open interval that 314 Suppose the input is simply [Stem]. Filtering Gen(input) ... tier may not be linked). 2.2 Gem Input and output in OTP OT's principle of Containment (Prince & Smolen- sky, 1993) says that each of the potential outputs in Repns includes a silent ... using determinis- tic finite-state automata, and how to remedy some hidden inefficiencies in the seminal work of (Elli- son, 1994), achieving at least a 100-fold observed speedup. Delayed intersection...
... reserved.Incentives and Test- Based Accountability in Education 10 INCENTIVES AND TEST- BASED ACCOUNTABILITY IN EDUCATIONronment where there is substantial interest in test- based incentives ... be determined by looking at other indicators of performance. In an educa-tional setting using test- based incentives, this means that it is necessary to look at other tests besides the tests attached ... reserved.Incentives and Test- Based Accountability in Education 6 INCENTIVES AND TEST- BASED ACCOUNTABILITY IN EDUCATIONthese features are likely to be critical in determining which—if any—incentive...
... a gain in recall whilepreserving high precision. We also discussed theeffect of the weight tuning in TF/IDF scoring andshowed an unsupervised way of adjusting it.There are several ways in ... an improve-ment in recall using Subtree patterns.1 IntroductionInformation Extraction (IE) is the process of identi-fying events or actions of interest and their partici-pating entities from ... Boot-strapping. In Proceedings of the Sixteenth NationalConference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-99).Ellen Riloff. 1993. Automatically Constructing a Dictio-nary for Information Extraction Tasks. In...
... hardly surprising because the bal- ance challenges during walking are quite different from those involved in maintaining upright posture. During standing, the goal is to main- tain the body's ... cular, or skeletal disorder. All kine- matic and kinetic patterns were exam- ined in detail in order to pinpoint major or subtle changes that would point to the degeneration or to com- pensations ... tically in both horizontal and vertical directions immediately prior to HC. Thus, any degeneration in this fine motor control of the foot may result in problems of stumbling during swing and in...
... to only test one thing in a single test. Testing more than one thing can lead to confusion and problems maintaining the test. Having two mocks in a test is the same as testing several things. ... expectations in a single test can ruin the readability of the test to a point where it’s hard to maintain the test or even understand what it’s testing. If you find that your test becomes ... developer writing unit tests should know before going in to write tests in the real world. The next part of the book deals with managing the test code, arranging tests and patterns for tests that...