... efficacy of thismethod in the context ofChinese word segmentationand part -of- speech tagging, where no segmentationandPOStagging standards are widely accepted due to thelack of morphology in Chinese. ... of the 47th Annual Meeting of the ACL and the 4th IJCNLP of the AFNLP, pages 522–530,Suntec, Singapore, 2-7 August 2009.c2009 ACL and AFNLP Automatic AdaptationofAnnotation Standards: Chinese ... method we choose Chinese wordsegmentationand part -of- speech tagging, where the problem of incompatible an-notation standards is one of the most evident: sofar no segmentation standard is widely...
... Joint ChineseWordSegmentationandPOS Tagging Canasai Kruengkrai†‡ and Kiyotaka Uchimoto‡ and Jun’ichi Kazama‡Yiou Wang‡ and Kentaro Torisawa‡ and Hitoshi Isahara†‡†Graduate School of ... discriminative word- character hybrid model for joint Chi-nese wordsegmentationandPOS tagging. Our word- character hybrid model offershigh performance since it can handle bothknown and unknown words. ... Liu, and Yajuan L¨u.2008a. A cascaded linear model for joint chinese wordsegmentationand part -of- speech tagging. InProceedings of ACL.Wenbin Jiang, Haitao Mi, and Qun Liu. 2008b. Word lattice...
... word w11the starting characters c1 and c2 of two con-secutive words12the ending characters c1 and c2 of two con-secutive words13a wordof length l with previous word w14a wordof ... UK{yue.zhang,stephen.clark}@comlab.ox.ac.ukAbstractFor ChinesePOS tagging, word segmentation is a preliminary step. To avoid error propa-gation and improve segmentation by utilizing POS information, segmentationand tagging can be ... proposed a hy-brid model for wordsegmentationandPOS tagging using an HMM-based approach. Word information isused to process known-words, and character infor-mation is used for unknown words...
... −l), and select for position i a N-best list of candidate results from all these candidates. Whenwe derive a candidate result from a word- POS pairp and a candidate q at prior position of p, ... and joint segmentation and part -of- speech tagging. On the Penn Chinese Treebank 5.0, we obtain an error reduction of 18.5% on segmentationand 12% on joint seg-mentation and part -of- speech tagging ... that segmentationandPOStagging taskis to divide a character sequence into several subse-quences and label each of them a POS tag.It is a better idea to perform segmentation and POS tagging...
... sequence of characters c = (c1, , c#c),the task ofwordsegmentationandPOStagging isto predict a sequence ofwordandPOS tag pairsy = (w1, p1, w#y, p#y), where wiis a word, ... model, joint word segmen-tation andPOStagging is decomposed into twosteps: (1) coarse-grained wordsegmentation and tagging, and (2) fine-grained sub -word tagging. Theworkflow is shown in ... decoding for POStagging over sub-words is efficient. Finally, the Chinese language ischaracterized by the lack of morphology that oftenprovides important clues for POS tagging, and the POS tags...
... Liang Huang, and Qun Liu. 2009. Au-tomatic adaptationofannotation standards: Chinese wordsegmentationandPOStagging – a case study. InProceedings of the Joint Conference of the 47th An-nual ... and HitoshiIsahara. 2009. An error-driven word- character hybridmodel for joint Chinesewordsegmentationand POS tagging. In Proceedings of the Joint Conference of the47th Annual Meeting of ... modelfor word structure parsing is integrated with con-stituent parsing. There has been many efforts to in-tegrate Chineseword segmentation, part -of- speech tagging and parsing (Wu and Zixin,...
... Comparison of Combined Model and KLD Model 5 Conclusions and Future Work A discriminative pruning criterion of n-gram lan-guage model for Chinesewordsegmentation was proposed in this paper, and ... and word segmentation performance is also discussed. 1 Introduction Chinese wordsegmentation is the initial stage of many Chinese language processing tasks, and has received a lot of attention ... of the 41st Annual Meeting of Association for Computational Linguis-tics (ACL-2003), pages 272-279. Jianfeng Gao, Mu Li, Andi Wu, and Chang-Ning Huang. 2005. ChineseWordSegmentation and...
... J. and A. Wu and Mu Li and C N.Huang and H. Li and X. Xia and H. Qin. 2004. Adaptive Chinese Word Segmentation. In Proceedings of ACL-2004.Meng, H. and C. W. Ip. 1999. An Analytical Study of Transformational ... N. 2003. ChineseWordSegmentation as Charac-ter Tagging. Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing. 8(1): 29-48Redington, M. and N. Chater and C. Huang and L. Chang and K. Chen. ... that Chinese wordsegmentation is the classifi-cation of a string of character-boundaries(CB’s) into either word- boundaries (WB’s) and non -word- boundaries. In Chinese, CB’sare delimited and...
... "~J~:~""7~: ~'"'~}~:~'"'~: ~"should be separated and "~: ~'"'~:~'"'~: [] '"'}~: ~J:" be combined ... dis(locmax, y:z) = dts(x:y)- dts(y:z) Definition 7 Suppose 'vxyzw' is a Chinese 1268 Chinese WordSegmentation without Using Lexicon and Hand-crafted Training Data Sun Maosong, Shen Dayang*, ... Any Chineseword is composed of either single or multiple characters. Chinese texts are explicitly concatenations of characters, words are not delimited by spaces as that in English. Chinese...
... beginning of a wordand Iall other positions; and 2) BMES: where B, M and Erepresent the beginning, middle and end of a multi-character word respectively, and S tags a single-character word. ... decoding.3 ChineseWordSegmentation (CWS)3.1 Wordsegmentation as character tagging Considering the ambiguity problem that a Chinese character may appear in any relative position in a word and the ... (cn−lk+1 cn) represents a segmentation of k words and the lengths of the first and last word are l1 and lkrespectively.In early work, rule-based models find words oneby one based on heuristics...
... ICTCLAS2009. NUS Chineseword segmenter (NUS): The NUS Chinese word segmenter uses a maximum entropy approach to Chineseword segmentation, which achieved the highest F-measure on three of the four ... into words: Translation: 多少_钱_的_伞_吗_? Reference: 这些_雨伞_多少_钱_? The word “伞” is a synonym for the word “雨伞”, and both words are translations of the English word “umbrella”. If a word- level ... the four corpora in the open track of the Second Interna-tional ChineseWordSegmentation Bakeoff (Ng and Low, 2004; Low et al., 2005). The segmenta-tion standard adopted in this paper is CTB...
... segmented Chinese text,most of the tokens are uni- and bigrams but most of the types are bi- and trigrams (as unigrams are oftenhigh frequency grammatical words and trigrams theresult of more ... unambiguous cases of numbers and dates in Chinese script.From h→(x0 n) and h→(x0 n−1) on the one hand, and from h←(x0 n) and h←(x1 n) we estimate theVariation of Branching Entropy ... redefine the sentence segmentation problem as the maximization of the au-tonomy measure of its words. For a character se-quence s, if we call Seg(s) the set of all the possiblesegmentations, then...
... synonyms and other types of semantically related words such asantonyms, (co)hyponyms and hypernyms.We present a method based on automatic word alignment of parallel corpora con-sisting of documents ... context and one using translational context based on word alignment and the combination of both. For bothapproaches, we used a cutoff n for each row in our word- by-context matrix. A word is ... word P(W) is the probability of seeing the word P(f) is the probability of seeing the featureP(W,f) is the probability of seeing the wordand the featuretogether.3.3 Word AlignmentThe multilingual...