approach to the patient with a palpable mass and or an abnormal mammogram
Chapter 052. Approach to the Patient with a Skin Disorder (Part 1) ppt
... lesions If the examiner focuses on linear erosions overlying an area of erythema and scaling, he or she may incorrectly assume that the erosion is the primary lesion and the redness and scale are secondary, ... melanoma Such lesions usually demonstrate asymmetry, border irregularity, color variegation (black, blue, brown, pink, and white), a diameter >6 mm, and a history of change (e.g., an increase ... raised, often translucent lesion >0.5 cm in diameter Wheal: A raised, erythematous, edematous papule or plaque, usually representing short-lived vasodilatation and vasopermeability Telangiectasia:...
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Chapter 052. Approach to the Patient with a Skin Disorder (Part 2) potx
... epidermis without an associated loss of dermis Ulcer: Loss of epidermis and at least a portion of the underlying dermis Excoriation: Linear, angular erosions that may be covered by crust and are caused ... epidermal atrophy) Scar: A change in the skin secondary to trauma or inflammation Sites may be erythematous, hypopigmented, or hyperpigmented depending on their age or character Sites on hair-bearing ... associated with xerosis and aged skin Systemic conditions that can be associated with pruritus include chronic renal disease, cholestasis, pregnancy, malignancy, thyroid disease, polycythemia vera, and...
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Chapter 052. Approach to the Patient with a Skin Disorder (Part 4) doc
... lesions, the shape of individual lesions, and the arrangement of the lesions An ideal skin examination includes evaluation of the skin, hair, and nails as well as the mucous membranes of the mouth, ... the skin it is usually advisable to assess the patient before taking an extensive history This way, the entire cutaneous surface is sure to be evaluated, and objective findings can be integrated ... nasopharynx, and anogenital region In the initial examination it is important that the patient be disrobed as completely as possible This will minimize chances of missing important individual...
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Chapter 052. Approach to the Patient with a Skin Disorder (Part 5) pptx
... A D The distribution of some common dermatologic diseases and lesions Figure 52-7 Psoriasis This papulosquamous skin disease is characterized by small and large erythematous papules and plaques ... skin disease is characterized by small and large erythematous papules and plaques with overlying adherent silvery scale Figure 52-8 ...
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Chapter 052. Approach to the Patient with a Skin Disorder (Part 6) pdf
... contact (Fig 52-10) or primary irritant dermatitis In contrast, lesions with a generalized arrangement are common and suggest a systemic etiology Figure 52-9 Erythema multiforme This eruption ... This eruption is characterized by multiple erythematous plaques with a target or iris morphology It usually represents a hypersensitivity reaction to drugs (e.g., sulfonylamides) or infections (e.g., ... reaction to drugs (e.g., sulfonylamides) or infections (e.g., HSV) (Courtesy of the Yale Resident's Slide Collection; with permission.) Figure 52-10 ...
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Chapter 052. Approach to the Patient with a Skin Disorder (Part 7) ppt
... melanoma, atopy, psoriasis, or acne) 10 Social, sexual, or travel history as relevant to the patient DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES Many skin diseases can be diagnosed on gross clinical appearance, but ... malaise, fever, arthralgias) Ongoing or previous illnesses History of allergies Presence of photosensitivity Review of systems Family history (particularly relevant for patients with melanoma, atopy, ... superficial anatomic structures in selected areas of the body In this procedure, a small area of skin is anesthetized with 1% lidocaine with or without epinephrine The skin lesion in question can be...
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Chapter 052. Approach to the Patient with a Skin Disorder (Part 8) pptx
... noting the amount of blanching that occurs Granulomas often have an opaque to transparent, brown-pink "apple jelly" appearance on diascopy Figure 52-11 Urticaria Discrete and confluent, edematous, ... edematous, erythematous papules and plaques are characteristic of this whealing eruption Wood's Light A Wood's lamp generates 360-nm ultraviolet (or "black") light that can be used to aid the evaluation ... Wood's lamp, and previously unsuspected areas of involvement often become apparent A Wood's lamp may also aid in the demonstration of tinea versicolor and in recognition of ash leaf spots in patients...
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Chapter 077. Approach to the Patient with Cancer (Part 1) potx
... remain functional and maintain a self-image as a fully intact person with just a malfunctioning part, a diseased organ ( "a bum ticker") By contrast, the patient with pancreatic cancer has a completely ... pain takes on desperate significance Cancer is an exception to the coordinated interaction among cells and organs In general, the cells of a multicellular organism are programmed for collaboration ... the traitorous behavior of cancer cells is that the patient feels betrayed by his or her body The cancer patient feels that he or she, and not just a body part, is diseased The Magnitude of the...
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Chapter 077. Approach to the Patient with Cancer (Part 3) pptx
... in Asia than North America or Africa The most common cancers in Africa are cervical, breast, and liver cancers It has been estimated that nine modifiable risk factors are responsible for more ... fuels, and contaminated injections Figure 77-3 Patient Management Important information is obtained from every portion of the routine history and physical examination The duration of symptoms may ... social history may reveal occupational exposure to carcinogens or habits, such as smoking or alcohol consumption, that may influence the course of disease and its treatment The family history may...
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Chapter 077. Approach to the Patient with Cancer (Part 4) pps
... by the International Union Against Cancer and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) The TNM classification is an anatomically based system that categorizes the tumor on the basis of the ... Obstetricians (FIGO) classification for gynecologic cancers, and the Ann Arbor classification for Hodgkin's disease Certain tumors cannot be grouped on the basis of anatomic considerations For example, ... nodes, although some tumors have more elaborate systems of nodal grading), and the presence of metastatic disease (M0 and M1 for the absence and presence, respectively, of metastases) The various...
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Chapter 077. Approach to the Patient with Cancer (Part 5) doc
... regular examinations, and taking time to talk 2 The National Cancer Institute maintains a database called PDQ (Physician Data Query) that is accessible on the Internet under the name CancerNet at ... control for the information provided through these services is rigorous Management of Disease and Treatment Complications Because cancer therapies are toxic (Chap 81), patient management involves addressing ... Surgical procedures may precede or follow other treatment approaches It is best for the treatment plan either to follow a standard protocol precisely or else to be part of an ongoing clinical research...
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Chapter 077. Approach to the Patient with Cancer (Part 6) pdf
... Medullary cancer of the thyroid Catecholamines Pheochromocytoma Oncofetal Antigens Alphafetoprotein Hepatocellular carcinoma, gonadal germ Cirrhosis, cell tumor Carcinoembryonic antigen Adenocarcinomas ... Adenocarcinomas hepatitis Pancreatitis, of the colon, pancreas, hepatitis, lung, breast, ovary inflammatory bowel disease, smoking Enzymes Prostatic acid Prostate cancer phosphatase Prostatitis, prostatic ... enolase Lactate dehydrogenase Small cell cancer of the lung,neuroblastoma Lymphoma, Ewing's sarcoma Hepatitis, hemolytic many others Tumor-Associated Proteins anemia, Prostate-specific Prostate...
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Chapter 077. Approach to the Patient with Cancer (Part 7) ppt
... month for a year, every months for a year, every months for a year, every months for a year, and then annually At each visit, a battery of laboratory and radiographic and imaging tests were obtained ... breast cancer, melanoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, and lymphoma have all failed to support the notion that asymptomatic relapses are more readily cured by salvage therapy than symptomatic relapses ... patients are more likely to discuss with the physician what they are actually doing The appearance of unexpected toxicity may be an indication that a supplemental therapy is being taken.3 Information...
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Chapter 077. Approach to the Patient with Cancer (Part 8) potx
... location, character, temporal features, provocative and palliative factors, and intensity (Chap 12); a review of the oncologic history and past medical history as well as personal and social ... be related to bowel inflammation from the therapy and can be controlled with oral dexamethasone and oral metoclopramide, a dopamine receptor antagonist that also blocks serotonin receptors at high ... the day before therapy and IV on the day of therapy, plus dexamethasone, 20 mg IV before treatment, is an effective regimen Addition of oral aprepitant (a substance P/neurokinin receptor antagonist)...
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Chapter 077. Approach to the Patient with Cancer (Part 11) pot
... appears that cancer therapy is substantially more toxic and less effective in the face of malnutrition Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether nutritional intervention can alter the natural history ... survival Adjustments are required to physical losses and handicaps, real and perceived Patients may be preoccupied with minor physical problems They perceive a decline in their job mobility and ... patients with advanced cancer experience weight loss and decreased appetite A variety of both tumorderived factors (e.g., bombesin, adrenocorticotropic hormone) and host-derived factors (e.g., tumor...
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Chapter 077. Approach to the Patient with Cancer (Part 12) pot
... how the patient has been affected by the diagnosis and is coping with it is an important goal of patient management It is best to speak frankly with the patient and the family regarding the likely ... of disease These discussions can be difficult for the physician as well as for the patient and family The critical features of the interaction are to reassure the patient and family that everything ... to provide the patient with the necessary medical care as well as the psychological and spiritual support that will prevent the isolation and depersonalization that can attend in-hospital death...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A concurrent approach to the automatic extraction of subsegmental primes and phonological constituents from speech" docx
... L (non-spontaneous voicing) and N (nasality), and the resonance elements A (low), I (palatal), U (labial) and R (coronal) These elements are phonologically active - they can spread to neighbouring ... both the initial fricative and the final plosive at Stage Again, it may be possible to identify a unique word candidate at the end of Stage 2, but if several candidates are available, recognition ... standard relational database tools for control of the lexicon and standard code for FFT as in a spectrogram display object Users may add words using a keypad labelled with IPA symbols Manner class sequences...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " A fixed-point approach to the stability of a functional equation on quadratic forms" doc
... : = ax2 + bxy + cy2 is a solution of the Equation 1.1 The authors [12] acquired the general solution and proved the stability of the functional Equation 1.1 for the case that X and Y are real ... for all x, y Î X and all n Î N, that is, d(T n f , T n+1 f ) ≤ same reasoning of the proof of Theorem 2.3, we have Ln+2 16 < ∞ for all n Î N By the Bae and Park Journal of Inequalities and Applications ... doi:10.1016/j.na.2005.06.028 Bae, J-H, Park, W-G: On a cubic equation and a Jensen-quadratic equation Abstr Appl Anal 2007 (2007) Article ID 45179 Găvruta, P: A generalization of the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of approximately...
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Báo cáo hóa học: "Research Article A Fixed Point Approach to the Stability of a Functional Equation of the Spiral of Theodorus" pptx
... T Aoki, “On the stability of the linear transformation in Banach spaces,” Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan, vol 2, pp 64–66, 1950 D G Bourgin, “Classes of transformations and bordering ... and arg f x are for any n ∈ {0, 1, 2, }, In this paper, we will adopt the idea of C˘ dariu and Radu and apply a fixed point method a for proving the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of the Theodorus ... Rassias, “On the stability of functional equations and a problem of Ulam,” Acta Applicandae Mathematicae, vol 62, no 1, pp 23–130, 2000 12 S.-M Jung and P K Sahoo, “Stability of a functional equation...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article A Fixed Point Approach to the Stability of a Volterra Integral Equation" pptx
... paper, we will adopt the idea of C˘ dariu and Radu [12] and prove the Hyersa Ulam-Rassias stability and the Hyers-Ulam stability of the Volterra integral equation (1.2) Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability ... Point Theory and Applications and proved the Hyers theorem That is, Rassias proved the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of the Cauchy additive functional equation Since then, the stability of several ... interval (−∞ ,a] , R, or [a, ∞), as we see in the following theorem 6 Fixed Point Theory and Applications Theorem 2.2 Let K and L be positive constants with < KL < and let I denote either (−∞ ,a] or...
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