... and com-pute an association score for each collocation candi-date extracted from a corpus. The scores indicate achance of a candidate to be a collocation. They canbe used for ranking or for ... Nb)Cw empirical context of wCxy empirical context of xyClxyleft immediate context of xyCrxyright immediate context of xyTable 1: a) A contingency table with observed frequencies andmarginal ... andsemanticunit. For each bigram occurringin the corpus, information of its empiricalcontext(frequencies of open-class words occurring withina specified context window) and left and right im-mediate contexts...
... classification for online product reviews. In Proceedings of AAAI-06, the 21st National Conference on Artificial Intelligence. G. Forman. 2003. Anextensiveempiricalstudyof feature selectionmetrics ... Proceedings of the 47th Annual Meeting of the ACL and the 4th IJCNLP of the AFNLP, pages 692–700,Suntec, Singapore, 2-7 August 2009.c2009 ACL and AFNLPA Framework ofFeatureSelection Methods forText ... methods, MI and BNS take the leads in the domains of 20NG and Movie while IG and CHI seem to be better and more stable than others in the domain of DVD. As for WFO, its performances are excellent...
... looking for information concerning the history of text compression both before and with computers.1http://answers.google.comb) Provide an analysis on the future of web browsers, ifany.Answers ... creation of an Information Synthesis testbed with 72 reportsmanually generated by nine subjects for eight com-plex topics with 100 relevant documents each; andb) anempirical comparison of similarity ... Pro-cessing Conference and the 1st Conference of theNorth American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Seattle, WA, April. AnEmpiricalStudyof Information Synthesis TasksEnrique...
... of them. The features are listed as follows:ã WORD: uni-gram and bi-grams of words in an n window.ã POS: uni-gram and bi-grams of POS in an nwindow.ã WORD+POS: Both the features of WORDand ... Association for Computational Linguistics An EmpiricalStudyof Chinese ChunkingWenliang Chen, Yujie Zhang, Hitoshi IsaharaComputational Linguistics GroupNational Institute of Information and Communications ... we conducted anempiricalstudy of Chinese chunking. We compared the performance of four models, SVMs, CRFs, MBL, and TBL.We also investigated the effects of using differentsizes of training...
... autonomous exploration of the set of alternatives and the selection of the preferred alternatives. Let’s examine now how an argument generator can be evaluated in the context of the selection task, ... assistants1. For instance, a shopping assistant may need to compare two similar products and argue why its current user should like one more than the other. 1 See for instance www.activebuyersguide.com ... deviation units of a measure xi from the mean of a population X. Formally: xi∈ X; z-score( xi ,X) = [xi - à (X)] / (X) For instance, the satisfaction z-score for the new instance, given...
... survey/sdata/200701/certca.html.[6] S. Egelman, L. F. Cranor, and J. Hong. You’ve beenwarned: anempiricalstudyof the effectiveness of webbrowser phishing warnings. In Proceeding of the SIGCHIConference on Human Factors ... page of the warning. Fif-teen participants answered exactly as expected – theyselected “other” for the library and “bank or otherfinancial institution” for the bank. The remainingfive participants ... bank wanted you totake?” responded that it wanted them not to pro-ceed. Only 3 FF2, 2 FF3, and 4 IE7 participantsanswered the same way.4.2.4 Impact of Reading and UnderstandingIn each of...
... AnEmpiricalStudyof Active Learning with Support Vector Machines for Japanese Word SegmentationManabu SassanoFujitsu Laboratories Ltd.4-1-1, Kamikodanaka, Nakahara-ku,Kawasaki ... mixed hiragana, kanjiand katakana.The second attribute is a character code (). Therange of a character code is from 1 to 6,879. JIS X0208, which is one of Japanese character set stan-dards, ... wordboundary. A set of the attributes of ,andis used to predict the label of the . Theset consists of twenty attributes: ten for the char-acter type (, , , ,, , , , , ), and an- other ten for the character...
... con-sistent pattern of the effect of smoking on risk of can-cer deaths. TABLE 1. Characteristics of cases and two control groups: Population-based case-control studyof smoking on risk of cancer deaths ... (1.84–2.08) and 1.88 (1.79–1.97) for esophagus cancer; 1.29 (1.23–1.35) and 1.28 (1.24–1.34) for stomach cancer; 1.35 (1.31–1.39) and 1.33 (1.27–1.39) for liver cancer, 2.98 (2.88–3.08) and 2.95 ... of death at one time, and use of a single control group for more than one case series can lead to saving of money and time;11-12 (3) all possible confounding factors (known or unknown) and...
... to some semantic subset ofan antecedent. There was one additional case in which a subsequent noun phrase was a rephrasing ofan antecedent. For the remaining 71 instances, no antecedent could ... participant. Partici- pants of the study were each asked to plan a spe- cific travel agenda of their choice with information obtained solely by typing natural language mes- sages and requests ... infrequently and since one of the major foci of the study was to try to find general means of deciding attachment of PPs, individualization of these PPs was, at first, discounted. In some of the...
... sug-gesting that management accounting systems arechanged because of fads and fashions. However,fad and fashion as explanations for diusion of management accounting innovation and changeare not ... inside the group of adopting organizations.5.1.2. The analysis of organizati onal determinantsLet us next focus on the organizational deter-minants of adopting organizations instead of theadopter ... Adoption and diusion ofan innovation of uncertain prođtability. Jour nal of Economic Theory, 27, 182±193.Johnson, H. T., & Kaplan, R. S. (1987). Relevance lost: the riseand fall of management...