... refractory intracranial hyper-
tension after traumaticbrain injury. Child Nerv Syst
2006;22:1268-1274.
47. Dickerman RD, Morgan JT, Mitller MA. Decompressive cra-
niectomy for traumaticbrain injury: ... craniectomy in decreasing ICP and
improving pr o g n o sis in patients wi th refractory in-
tracranial hypertension after TBI.
2-8
Presently, th e
European BrainInjury Consortium and Brain Trauma
Foundation ... Craniectomy, TraumaticBrainInjury
Introduction
Decompressive craniectomy, which is performed
worldwide for the treatment of severe traum a t i c b r a i n
injury (TBI), is a surgical procedure in...
... reinter-
preted in the context of angiogenesis in the brain. Is it
possible that some of the acute neurovascular events in
the brain after stroke represent an endogenous attempt
by the brain ... and dis-
ability in developed countries [3]. The initial vascular
event leads to energy loss, which triggers activation of
multiple brain cell death pathways. In addition to
brain injury responses, ... stroke. During the early acute phase of neurovascular injury, blood–
brain barrier perturbations should predominate with key roles for various
matrix proteases. During the delayed phase, brain angiogenesis...
... Saline Cefepime Cefepime +
HBO
Cefepime
4 p.m. Sacrificing
Induction of sepsis
Rats in the Control, HBO and OT groups re-
ceived intraperitoneal inoculums of 1 ml saline con-
taining ... approach increasing oxygen
concentration in all tissues; improving blood flow to
compromised organs; stimulating angiogenesis; in-
creasing antioxidant enzyme expression; and aiding
in the suppression ... aggravates inflammation in septic rats.
Inflamm Res 2004;53:S122-S125
41. Kesik V, Uysal B, Kurt B, Kismet E, Koseoglu V. Ozone
ameliorates methotrexate-induced intestinal injuryin rats.
Cancer...
... ampicillin and intermediate
to ampicillin/sulbactam. It was sensitive to the
cephalosporins (cefazolin, cefotaxime, and cefepime),
the fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin), the
aminoglycosides ... (amikacin, gentamicin, and tobra-
mycin), meropenem, pipercillin/tazobactam and
trimethoprim/sulfa. At this point, the patient was
started on meropenem. The initial CT scan of the
brain done ... absence of underlying hepatobiliary diseases, and
the presence of other invasive complications includ-
ing endophthalmitis, suppurative meningitis, brain
abscess, necrotizing fasciitis, and...
... arises is: why are pericytes
abundant in the brain vasculature? Brain pericytes
may perform specialized roles involved in the develop-
ment and maintenance of brain vessels. First and fore-
most, ... pre-exist-
ing vessels). Indeed, the vascular network of the brain
is predominantly formed by angiogenesis. During this
Keywords
astrocyte; barriergenesis; blood brain
barrier; brain angiogenesis; ... modulate neurovascular coupling and
maintain several parts of brain homeostasis. In this
minireview, we focus on the active functions of astro-
cytes in regards to brain vasculature. Anatomically,
most...
... among
tissues in the body, and the risk of edema to brain
functions should be carefully considered. Brain edema
may increase pressure in the cranial cavity and brain
tissue, resulting in suppression ... vascular leaks
during the clinical course of brain diseases or during
the treatment of brain ischemia using pro-angiogenic
medicine.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Grant -in- Aid Special ... VEGF-D, binds and activates this
receptor, resulting in the proliferation and migration
of lymph ECs and lymphangiogenesis [13].
Angiogenesis inbrain diseases
Brain stroke
Stroke is induced through:...
... is explained by including SSBD terms in the
model where r
2
values increase. Sulcal CSF enters next in predicting Trails B,
followed by DWMH; in contrast, DWMH enters next for predicting SHAR,
followed ... Ͻ.001
*SSBD indicates subclinical structural brain disease; Trails B, Trail-Making
Test
48-50
to measure sequencing abilities; DWMH, deep white-matter
hyperintensities; vCSF, ventricular cerebrospinal ... with the finding of regional dif-
ferences. The regional prominence of posterior atrophy
with age in healthy subjects is, to our knowledge, a new
finding and is particularly intriguing given...
... further evolution—not only providing the
same triple ARV drugs to all HIV-infected pregnant women beginning in the antenatal clinic
setting but also continuing this therapy for all of these ... antiretroviral (ARV) guidelines on
treating pregnant women and preventing infection ininfants
(1), issued in 2010, were a major step towards more effica-
cious regimens. The WHO guidelines emphasize the ... to
minimize the risks of infant infection and maximize the benefit
to their own health, and avoid inadvertently receiving a subop-
timal ARV prophylaxis intervention, particularly in settings...
... children. In another study, the diagno-
sis of GERD in hospitalized infants increased 20-fold
in a single naval hospital from 1971 to 1995. It has not
been determined whether these growing numbers ... omeprazole in order to achieve an
optimal dose to maintain the duration of esophageal
acid reflux <6% in a 24-hour pH study. In these chil-
dren, there was marked reduction in symptoms,
including ... Vomiting (ie, “fat, happy spitter”) – most common
Persistent vomiting
– Failure to thrive
Esophagitis
– Feeding refusal, difficulties, resistance
– Arching, crying (inconsolably) during initiation...
... mRNA binding to cytosolic and poly-
some proteins inbrain and peripheral tissues. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 58, 170–177.
39. Lauger, P. (1991) Na,K-ATPase, in Electrogenic Ion Pumps, Sinauer, ... mechanism could explain the observed
increases in glucose utilization and lactate production, without a concomitant increase
in O
2
consumption upon brain stimulation (4–7,48,49). Since neurons consume ... transport
into neurons (53,56). Upon activation of neurons with Glu in the presence of 4-CIN,
tissue lactate accumulation could be observed (Fig. 3). 4-CIN induced lactate accumu-
lation inbrain slices,...
... treatment were nor-
malized in each group. (C) Specific [
3
H]ryanodine binding was deter-
mined in a medium containing 100 l
M free Ca
2+
to maintain the
calcium release channel in sarcoplasmic reticulum ... determined in SR
vesicles or in isolated myocytes [15]. To gain insight
into the contribution of the mitochondrial uniporter
to myocardial injury during I ⁄ R in isolated hearts,
we examined the ... [
3
H]Ryanodine binding was determined by
using 50 lg of SRV protein and 6 nm of [
3
H]Ryanodine
(57 Ci mmol
)1
; NEN, Boston, MA, USA). SRV were
incubated for 2 h at 25 °C in 100 lL of a standard incuba-
tion...