... in whole buildings, and the detailed thermal environment information ina particular space within a reasonable simulation time The feasibility of natural ventilation based on typical year weather ... be easily considered in thermal simulation and the calculation of thermal process can be done ina relatively fast fashion As more emphases have been put on economic and environmental constraints, ... comfort The integration of BS and CFD programs can eliminate a few assumptions employed inthe separate applications, dramatically reduce computation time of CFD, and result in accurate and quick...
... presentation and interpretation ofthe data and images With the availability ofa wide range of commercial CFD softwares, CFD has began to gain its popularity in many applications Users are not ... baking, temperature is the dominating factor inthe baking mechanisms including gelatinization, enzymatic reaction and browning reaction, therefore the final bread quality However, many ofthe industrial ... Choice of radiation models depends onthe mode of radiation, the expected accuracy ofthe results and simulation time Inthe baking oven, the mode of radiation is mainly surface to surface radiation...
... phần; IC (Initial Condition) điều kiện ban đầu; BC (Boundary Condition) điều kiện biên; ODE (Ordinary Differential Equation) phương trình vi phân thường; DAE (Differential Algebraic Equation)là phương ... liệu KIỂM TRA Hợp lệ mô hình Hình 2.20 Sơ đồ trình tự giải toán phương pháp CFD, IBVP (Initial Boundary Value Problem)là toán giá trị biên ban đầu; PDE 45 (Partial Differential Equation) phương ... PHÁP TÍNH TOÁN ĐỘNG LỰC HỌC LƯU CHẤT – CFD 2.1 GIỚI THIỆU CHUNG VỀ CFD 2.1.1 CFD Tính toán động lực học lưu chất (Computational FluidDynamics CFD) lĩnh vực khoa học sử dụng phương pháp số kết hợp...
... concept of approximation This concerns the theory ofthe numerical approximation ofa set of equations, taken as a mathematical model ofaphysical system But it concerns also the notion ofthe approximation ... complexity ofa full aircraft, compared American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (USA) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (USA) Introduction: An Initial Guide to CFD and to this ... instance ona rotating blade ofa turbomachine, the centrifugal forces will create a radial migration ofthe boundary layer fluid along the blade, leading to an increased spanwise mixing ofthe flow and...
... shows the comparison ofthe variations ofcomputational and experimental maximum Cp values for each H/D ratio, whereas Figure 27 shows the comparison ofthe variations ofcomputational and experimental ... speed ratio (λ) are obtained from theCFD results for each H/D ratio, and thecomputational results are compared with the experimental results Finally, the standard deviations ofthecomputational ... radius Thecomputational mesh around the rotor is shown in Figure Figure Physical model, boundary conditions and computational domain of 2-bladed H-Darrieus rotor Figure Computational domain after...
... a scalar quantity inthe linear convection and di usion equations, and a vector consisting ofa collection of scalars in our presentation of hyperbolic systems Some ofthe abbreviations used ... in this Chapter The main focus, though, will be on representative model equations, in particular, the convection and di usion equations These equations contain many ofthe salient mathematical ... subsonic ow The signs ofthe eigenvalues ofthe matrix A are also important in determining suitable boundary conditions The characteristic variables each satisfy the linear convection equation...
... a scalar quantity inthe linear convection and di usion equations, and a vector consisting ofa collection of scalars in our presentation of hyperbolic systems Some ofthe abbreviations used ... in this Chapter The main focus, though, will be on representative model equations, in particular, the convection and di usion equations These equations contain many ofthe salient mathematical ... subsonic ow The signs ofthe eigenvalues ofthe matrix A are also important in determining suitable boundary conditions The characteristic variables each satisfy the linear convection equation...
... mass fraction C18 Octadecyl carbon chain bonded silica stationary phase CFDComputationalfluiddynamics CIMTM Convective interaction media Cs Effective volume averaged concentration (in mesopores) ... reveals the growing interest in characterising porous morphology via non-invasive CT scans Advances inthe availability and power of parallel computing resources has led to using the raw CT images ... Preparation of perfusion particles (Afeyan, et al., 1990) was one ofthe first steps toward the elimination ofthe diffusion bottleneck Perfusion particles contain large perfusion pores, in addition...
... its exponential convergence rate The effects of scaled shape parameter c onthe accuracy of solving linear and nonlinear partial differential equations are studied How the value of shape parameter, ... to the FEM in many ways, except that the FVM uses the integral form ofthe conservation equations as its starting point Since all terms that need be approximated inthe FVM have physical meaning, ... ofthe nodal information These are then substituted into a strong form ofthe governing partial differential equations to transform them into a system of linear or nonlinear algebraic equations...
... rate) There are two hypotheses to explain the mechanism ofthe liquid disintegration during ultrasonic atomization, i.e., cavitation and capillary wave hypotheses In caviation hypothesis, the liquid ... distribution presents a straight line ona plot of size d against the number percent oversize ona log probability graph 11 2.2.2.2 The Nukiyama-Tanasawa distribution function The Nukiyama-Tanasawa distribution ... mechanism of atomization from the rotating disk, the prediction of spray characteristics still remains uncertain [Westergaad, 1994] The main factors that control the spray characteristics are...
... Building Model Grid points at the inlet station ofthe domain that contains the building model, hereafter called single main domain, were exactly the same as that at the extract plane 31 ofthe auxiliary ... Moreover, the flow variables at any location inthe domain can be easily and conveniently monitored In addition, the construction ofthecomputational domain is less complicated and the effects of boundaries ... Furthermore, in view of computer capacity, the size of each computational domain when the auxiliary and the main simulations are separated is significantly smaller comparing to the combined domain...
... under actual conditions, ideal piston flow does not exist Axial dispersion, lack of radial turbulence and UV intensity gradient will cause a distribution of UV doses The kinetics of inactivation in ... The measured average intensity inthe actinometric test was approximately equal to the average intensity determined using the point source summation method CONCLUSION TheCFD model for UV reactor ... for the on- site validation of UV reactor REFERENCES 1) Takashi Akehata, Takashi Shirai (1972) Effect of Light-Source Characteristics onthe Performance of Circular Annular Photochemical Reactor,...
... inside the MEA This is because ofthe increase inthe width ofthe gas flow channel means that the velocity ofthe incoming gas has to be decreased with all remaining parameters remaining constant, ... pressure A change inthe operating pressure leads to a change inthe inlet gas compositions, assuming the inlet gases are fully humidified The increase inthe molar oxygen fraction inthe incoming gas ... frame, and subjected to changes in temperature and humidification Expansion/contraction mechanical response ofthe constrained membrane as a result of change in hydration and temperature was also...
... Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, USA NACA (now NASA) The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, USA NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration, ... conservation laws, namely: the conservation of mass, the conservation of momentum, and the conservation of energy The conservation ofa certain flow quantity means that its total variation inside an ... quantities at each point ofthefluidThe derivation ofthe principal equations offluiddynamics is based onthe fact that the dynamical behaviour ofafluid is determined by the following conservation...
... Cataloguing -in- Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ADAPTIVE HIGH-ORDER METHODS INCOMPUTATIONALFLUIDDYNAMICS Advances inComputationalFluid ... the wall ofthe L2 projection ofthe singular solution onto the basis ofthe polynomial approximation Here we propose an alternative way which consists of setting at the wall k the value ωw of ... potential flow calculations Thus, the Poisson equation has often been used as a model In particular, the elliptic nature ofthe Poisson equation may be seen as appropriate for the analysis of acoustic...
... Toronto, ON, Canada M3H 5T6, michal@oddjob.utias.utoronto.ca Akira Oyama Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan; Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan, oyama@ab.isas.jaxa.jp ... Nonomura Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan; Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan, nonomura@ab.isas.jaxa.jp Jaroslav Novotný Institute of Thermomechanics, Academy ... Nasas Evolving CFD Maturation Process Inthe past years, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has seen a marked change in how they apply and ultimately develop and validate...
... the vicinity ofthe diagonal ofthe solution domain at a value of 1.0, while φ assumes a value of zero elsewhere, as shown in Figure 2.5 The variable φ is a passive scalar that has a vanishing source ... modification helps stabilize the solutions obtained using TDMA as part ofa line-by-line alternating-direction algorithm (ADA) Since TDMA is very economical both in storage and in execution time ... limiting case ofthe flow configuration of Figure 2.5 with in nite Peclet number has an exact analytical solution In this case, with the absence of diffusion, the value of φ remains constant in the...
... pulse ofthe formed plasma jet essentially More detailed analysis ofthe analytical model of non-stationary formation ofthe PJ shows that at the propagation of 22 ComputationalFluidDynamics ... matter - work optimization of conical thermonuclear targets inthe section of simulation of interaction of flat plates with a conical cavity [13]; investigation of functioning of different constructions ... operation, the boundaries ofthe calculation configuration variation and so on were defined inthe first phase; • the calculation ofthe subsequent variants was carried out inthe regime of recording...
... Formulation 24.4 Example Problems 24.4.1 Nonparticipating Media 24.4.2 Solution of Radiative Heat Transfer Equation in Nonparticipating Media 24.4.3 Participating Media with Conduction and Radiation ... which are the basic tools used inthe solution of partial differential equations in general and CFDin particular, have different origins In 1910, at the Royal Society of London, Richardson presented ... method is available at http://www.uah.edu /cfd xxii PART ONE PRELIMINARIES he dawn ofthe twentieth century marked the beginning ofthe numerical solution of differential equations in mathematical physics...
... with a greater range of motion inthe no harness condition than inthe 30% BWS condition and a greater range of motion inthe 0% BWS than inthe 30% BWS condition Range of motion was greater onthe ... data, and drafting the article CLPM was responsible to acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting the article TFS and JAB were responsible for interpretation of data and ... walking spatial-temporal parameters and for joint and segmental pattern and range of motion follow Temporal-spatial gait parameters Table depicts mean and standard deviation (± SD) ofthe walking...