... general conditional models.) Oneof the advantages of the semi- supervised learning approach that we use is that it is simpler and more general than that of Ando and Zhang (2005) and Suzuki and ... improve generalization accuracy. Semi- supervised models such as Ando and Zhang(2005), Suzuki and Isozaki (2008), and Suzukiet al. (2009) achieve state-of-the-art accuracy.However, these approaches ... 2010.c2010 Association for Computational LinguisticsWord representations: A simpleandgeneralmethodfor semi- supervised learning Joseph TurianD´epartement d’Informatique etRecherche Op´erationnelle...
... approaches to semi- supervisedlearning areapplied to cases in which there is a small amount offully labeled data anda much larger amount of un-labeled data, presumably from the same data source. For ... Smith and J. Eisner. 2005. Contrastive estimation:Training log-linear models on unlabeled data. In ACL.Martin Szummer and Tommi Jaakkola. 2002. Partiallylabeled classification with markov random ... context are labeled for the purpose of deriving a conditional probability distribu-tion of labels given a particular feature.methods (Zhu and Ghahramani, 2002; Szummer and Jaakkola, 2002) have all...
... answer-rankingtask of QA. We create a graph for labeled and unlabeled data using match-scores oftextual entailment features as similarityweights between data points. We apply a summarization method ... (Huang et al., 2008), information retrieval(Clarke et al., 2006), information extraction (Sag-gion and Gaizauskas, 2006), textual entailment(TE) (Harabagiu and Hickl, 2006) for ranking, an-swer ... and some information about it.2.2 Features from Paired Sentence AnalysisWe extract the TE features based on the above lex-ical, syntactic and semantic analysis of q /a pairs and cast the QA...
... recallmeasures for evaluating parse accuracy do not mea-sure the accuracy of empty node and antecedent re-covery, but there is a fairly straightforward extensionof them that can evaluate ... knowledge thanthe pattern-matching algorithm described here. Thisalgorithm is both simpleand general, and can serveas a benchmark against which more complex ap-proaches can be evaluated.NPNPDTtheNNmanSBARSNPNNPSamVPVBZ ... terminal (i.e., the word) and its preterminal label.Auxiliary verbs such as is and being are relabelled aseither a AUX or AUXG respectively. The relabellingof auxiliary verbs was performed primarily...
... have built-in Java support via something known as the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), and there are several standard <object> and non-standard <applet> tags that are used to add Java ... The advantage are that the download time is faster than Java, and also you don't have to worry about integrating different languages into the page, as Curl is capable of providing the same ... CGI receives and transmits data means that the data is not easily manipulated by many programming languages, so you need one with good facilities for manipulating text and communicating with...
... Tools, andGeneral Guidance for Public Speaking, Page 4 What does it mean to speak from the heart? • You speak because of a call , grounded in faith and mercy and grace; • You speak because ... Tools, andGeneral Guidance for Public Speaking, Page 19 HANDLING QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 1. Anticipate questions and plan answers. 2. Repeat or rephrase each question before answering ... message, and not yourself and your anxiety. E. Take a deep breath, pause, and establish eye contact before starting. 4. Act confident, even if you don’t feel that way. A. Never start by apologizing...
... the Fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina, 148The posterior abdominal wall, 149◊◊The suprarenal glands, 151◊◊Abdominal aorta, 151◊◊Inferior vena cava, 153◊◊Lumbar sympathetic chain, 153Part ... featuresRadiologySince it contains air, the trachea is more radio-translucent than the neigh-bouring structures and is seen in posteroanterior and lateral radiographs as a dark area passing downwards, ... fascia covering psoas major and the lateral of fascia overly-ing quadratus lumborum. The fibrous medial borders of the two crura form a median arcuate ligament over the front of the aorta.2◊◊Acostal...
... disease. Accordingly, the omega fats, which are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) called docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapen-taenoic acid (EPA), are now accepted generally as a new and ... vita-mins associated with fat, such as vitamins Aand E, are particularly dependent on vitamin C for protection against oxygen free radicals that may damage DNA and cell structure. Vitamin ... deter:Cardiovascular diseases ▶In ammation and pain ▶Several types of cancer ▶Microbial, fungal, parasitic, and viral infections ▶Metabolic syndrome, obesity, and diabetes ▶Gastrointestinal and...