... international normalized ratio (INR), and a liver panel. Although the serum aminotransferase level correlates poorly with liver histology, the ratio of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine ... HCC, and mortality. In addition, HCV infection has been linked toa variety of extra-hepatic manifestations such as autoimmune diseases, lymphoma, monoclonal gammopathies and cryoglobulinemia. ... International Publisher. All rights reserved Review A PracticalApproachto Managing Patients with HCV Infection Richard H. Huang, and Ke-Qin Hu Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,...
... quantitation and three approved drugs for HBV treatment, and presents an updated and practical clinical approachto managing CHB. Highly sensitive PCR-based quantitation of HBV DNA makes it ... normal transaminases. ALT Levels For many years, ALT has been used as a standard surrogate for the activity of CHB. Thus, ALT level in combination with HBV DNA level and histological activity ... treatment. Overall, LAM and ADV are probably more favorable due to convenient administration, better tolerance, and less cost. When planning a LAM treatment, medical adherence and regular follow-up...
... Geneva, Switzerland. August 2006. Water Conservation 5 18 APracticalApproachto Water Conservation Reason 3 Minimising value chain related risk Today corporate reputation is a more important ... questioning of outdated practices that are redun-dant but never eliminated. Value chain analysis, trialling of new products and 32 APracticalApproachto Water Conservation megaohm-cm. It is ... Approachto Water Conservation Water quality is also decreasing and so far has not made the headlines. This alone could bring about a water crisis according to the 2006 Stockholm Water Laureate...
... 11:45 AM Page xiv60 APracticalApproachto Pharmaceutical PolicyVarious global and regional initiatives try to make drug prices moretransparent. WHO and Health Action International developed a ... is a matter of international rather than national policy and hasalready attracted the attention of leading academics, politicians, donors,and advocacy groups.At the national level, manufacturers ... Publishing.Roberts, Marc, and Michael Reich. 2010. “Pharmaceutical Reform: A Guide to Improving Performance and Equity.” Harvard School of Public Health,Cambridge, MA.10 APracticalApproachto Pharmaceutical...
... cross-cultural trans-lation and adaptation that factored into account the chal-lenges of small sample size in rare disorders, and appliedit toa quality of life tool. We used the KIT (Kids' ITPTools), ... 3.Single forward and back translation.2 Back translations. At least 2 back translations.Number of consensus meetingsAfter forward and back translations.Between forward and back translations.Between ... forward and back translations.After forward and back translations.After pre-testing. After difficulty ratings. After back translations. After pre-testing.After back translation.Role of patients...
... not have a clinical background.Single back translation.Must have as many back translations as forward translations.Must have as many back as forward translations.Consensus/Synthesis A multi-disciplinary ... Translators and a facilitator synthesize a translated version of the questionnaire from the 2 forward translations.Not part of the process.Back translation(final language into source language)≥ ... language)≥ 2 Professional, naïve translators NSE.#2 Professional translators NSE.2 Professional, naïve translators NSE.1 Professional, naïve translator for each of the target languages.Translate...
... Nga – K 1 1A 30Graduation paperDeclarationTitle: A new approachto semantic and syntactic functions of English adjectives A contrastive– analysis with their Vietnamese equivalents (Graduation ... only topractical language but also to translation theory, the description of particular language, language typology and the study of language universals. In relation to bilingualism, C .A is ... subject at most language universals.According to C. James (1980;19), C .A is a form of inter-language study and a central concern of applied linguistic. As a matter of fact, C .A has had much to...
... al-Journal of Information Technology Education Volume 4, 2005 Editor: Mike Hart Teaching IT Project Management to Postgraduate Business Students: APracticalApproach Arthur Tatnall and Gina Reyes ... In the paper we describe and advocate apracticalapproachto teaching IT Project Management to postgraduate business students from many different disciplines. In particular, we advocate the ... states that often, students lack apractical frame of reference so that the various nuances of IT issues escape them, especially if these issues are those that are dealt with at a managerial...
... for instance, in fact is labelled as a prepositio'~aT-~rase rather than as an adverbial phrase. No attempt is made to show any paraphrase relationships. Putative deleted or transposed ... previously opened adjective phrase and continue an already opened noun phrase or 161 A PROBABILISTIC APPROACHTO GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF WRITT!N ENGLISH BY COMPUTER. Andrew David Beale, Unit for ... prel~minary stage in developing computer programs and data files for providing a grammatical analysis of -n~estricted English text. From 1981-83, a suite of PASCAL programs was devised to automatically...
... Evaluation, pages 719- 724. Sadao Kurohashi, Masaki Murata, Yasunori Yata, Mitsunobu Shimada, and Makoto Nagao. 1998. Construction of Japanese nominal semantic dictionary using " ;A ... role of a head word. All definition sentences in RSK were analyzed by JUMAN, a Japanese morphological analyzer, and KNP, a Japanese syntactic and case ana- lyzer (Kurohashi and Nagao, 1994; ... Given an input phrase N1 no N2, both DBA and SBA are applied to the input, and then the two analyses are integrated. 4.2.1 Dictionary-based Analysis Dictionary based -Analysis (DBA) tries to...
... boundaries; adjacent roads or streets; and streams, lakes, or othersignificant natural features.Charts A chart is a type of map created to aid transportation. Charts include road maps,aeronautical ... an attribute that implies rank or quantity. Land cover is another attribute thatcan be mapped and displayed on a nominal scale.Ordinal ScaleThe ordinal scale of measurement conveys a gradation ... Vertical aerial photos are taken with the surface of thecamera lens parallel to the earth’s surface. These can be very useful in analyzing a site, butvertical photographs are not maps. These aerial...