... in slums and peri -urban areas than in more privileged urban neighborhoods, and even than inruralareas [4,9] The evidence of large and even widening inequalities in health between the rich and ... socioeconomic inequalities in health in developing countries, by examining differences across urbanandruralareasin health inequalities Specifically, the goals of this study are: (1) to document and ... than urban- rural differentials in malnutrition Comparing within -urban differentials in child malnutrition to ruralurban differentials in malnutrition shown in Table reveals that within-urban...
... so In each district we have selected a ruraland an urban community (hereinafter referred to as ruralandurban Dewas, ruralandurban Alwar) Basic information about the sites is provided in ... adulthood joined inand were unwilling to move away, and some mothers -in- law prevented women from being interviewed at all In considering the ways in which schooling experiences play into the lives ... adulthood? In particular, what difference does schooling make to the experiences of poor young women, inurbanandruralareasin north India? The key transitions that young women face in north India...
... and retention of health workers in remote andruralareas Category of intervention Examples A Education and continuous professional development interventions Building of a medical school inrural ... of interventions combining all four categories presented in Table 1, doctors serve a fixed period of three years inruralareasandin return they receive the following benefits: financial incentives, ... facilitates the installation of doctors inrural areas, notably by helping them to settle in a local community, and by providing them with specific training and some medical equipment The Ministry of...
... obstetric surgeries and anaesthesia Training venue and capacity The training took place in two collaborating institutions: Tanzanian Training Centre for International Health (TTCIH) and Saint Francis ... financial implications and documentation of the human and physical resources needed for effective learning and teaching The main emphasis of both training curricula included the underlying principles ... principles in obstetric and anaesthetic care; appropriate decision making and clinical reasoning skills, and acquisition of clinical management skills The training in CEmOC required the trainees to...
... area and 127 in the urban area 4.2 The Use of Antenatal and Delivery Care inUrbanandRuralAreas High proportions of women using ANC and delivery care were observed in both sites Ninety-seven percent ... to urbanareasand 4-fold among ethnic minority mothers compared to the Kinh majority [46] U5MR in mountainous areasand poor households is 3- to 4-fold compared to lowland areasand higher income ... framework in these LMICs [59, 60] Almost all HDSSs are located inrural areas, including FilaBavi and ChiliLab in Vietnam The urban HDSS in Hanoi aims to be a similar infrastructure for research and...
... discernible inurbanareas than in non -urban areas (Fig 2) There is a greater possibility of finding contaminated areasinurban environments due to greater human disturbance than in non -urban areas ... in soils from urbanand non -urban areasIn general, arsenic concentrations inurbanareas were higher than those in non -urban areas Arsenic concentrations varied significantly with land-use in ... distribution in (a) Gainesville (ns200), (b) Miami (ns240), and non -urban areas (ns448) in Florida centrations in non -urban areas surrounding the two cities and land-use categories analyzed within the...
... Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens isolated from cattle and pigs with diarrhea in Hanoi and surrounding areas, Vietnam 3.2 Genotyping of C perfringens the toxicity of C perfringens isolates and ... staining, reverse CAMP reaction and other biochemical tests Toxicity of C perfringens isolated was evaluated for the presence of lethal toxin by intravenous injection in mice Typing of C perfringens ... enterotoxaemia in cattle has emerged in Northern provinces since 1997, no effective prevention program has been put in place A study on the role of C perfringens in gastrointestinal diseases in domestic...
... longitudinal structure in the ionosphere - j0 calculated from both types of data showed that: in spring equinox the value of j0 is highest, smaller in autumn equinox and then in summer, in winter ... expansion for degree and order 15 to 60, separation into a constant and a time varying part by comparison of consecutive models; and magnetic activity indices indicating the ring current activity, ... conditions within years including 612.002 measurement points With sampling rate of 1sec and inclination of satellite orbit of about 87.30, the selected data covers almost all studied areas To remove...
... closely with NICHE and with the communities, being involved with community mobilization and ETL training, promotion and selling (at wholesale) to vendors, andin counselling, and also in implementing and supporting the research activities. Promotion and selling of ... Control (CDC). SWAP proposed to integrate IAQ and HWTS in 10 out of 60 villages enrolled in the Nyando Integrated Child Health and Education (NICHE) project in Nyanza province, Kenya. NICHE is a project attempting to increase access to water treatment, nutritional ... To explore whether or not it is possible to achieve synergies and economies of scale by linking HWT and IAQ interventions To examine the potential for expansion and scaling up in the implementation of projects combining these interventions ...
... training and its relevance to practice This was complemented by participant observation and recording of comments during the training sessions, aiming at validating and refining the initial training ... between training and retention inrural practice Determinants of staff turnover inruraland remote areas It is widely recognised that qualified staff turnover tends to be more acute inruraland remote ... As the training consists to a large extent in compensating for shortcomings of the medical school-based training, a reasonable approach would be to incorporate this kind of training in the basic...
... nature of the training and extension activities, and subsequently to obtain feedback and readdress some key issues This will assist in developing the priority areas for training 2.2.3 Methods ... before and after the training and then for a smaller group a significant period after the training in a Post Training Survey This can only be a very limited assessment and therefore can only be indicative ... to study in University of Sydney Organizing training workshops for extension staff from central to provincial and district levels in the North andin the South of Vietnam; Conducting pilot...
... Landscaping 6.1 Vegetation and hard landscaping: wind shelter 6.2 Vegetation and hard landscaping: solar shading and cooling 6.3 Vegetation and hard landscaping: privacy 6.4 Ponds and fountains ... winds), preventing buildings and landscape features from generating unacceptable wind turbulence, protecting space and buildings from driving rain and snow, protecting space and buildings from cold ... gives guidance (c) Building type and heating and cooling needs The need for heating and cooling inside a building depends on its purpose This in turn determines: ● the range of internal temperatures...
... business households inruralareas of Vĩnh Phúc Province and Bắc Ninh Province To study business environment of business households inruralareas of Vĩnh Phúc Province and Bắc Ninh Province, ... in transacting with customers and finding their markets Summary of Findings On basis of collected information from the survey on business environment in Vĩnh Phúc and Bắc Ninh provinces, the ... on business environment of households inruralareas of Vĩnh Phúc Province and Bắc Ninh Province” The theme aims to study factors of the business environment impacting on establishment and development...
... system In most of the cases, the wastewater at sampling point (inside of inlet chamber), point (inside of hydraulic chamber) and point (inside of soak pit), were found to be in solidified states In ... educational intervention The local people were using pit latrines and hand pumps which were installed at the beginning of the establishment of Bauniabad area The main activities included; (i) a baseline ... single pit latrines, two twenty-feet-deep twin pit latrines, two septic tanks and three biogas plants connected to the latrines of about 100 households were installed and tested in Bauniabad and...
... contamination and ammonia emissions Drying the urine by solar and wind energy Collecting "drying urine" as mineral fertilizer and transporting it to the fields Testing applicable using urine ... nutrient in human urine RURAL TOILET DESIGN MANUAL Currently, the big gaps between the urban people and the rural people in Vietnam are their income opportunities, living standards, education and ... - Table 2: Percentage of people accessing water supply and owning latrines in regions (2001) Per cent (%) Regions Accessing Owning water supply latrines Mountain area in the North 23 39...
... treating children with diarrhea, ORT rates were similar in both urban slum andruralareas Continued feeding during diarrhea was somewhat higher inurban slums, but the low ORS use rate inurban ... broken down as urbanand rural. ” When comparing urbanandrural data, the health status of urban children appears relatively good; urban infant and child mortality rates are invariably lower ... Urbanization in Asia and the Near East”: trends and projections of urban growth and population density in three cities and assessment of urban poverty and size of urban poor populations within urbanization...
... medicines and ointments (zinc chloride and oxide as astringent and antiseptic, zinc formate as antiseptic), paints and pigments (zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, zinc sulphide), printing inks and artists ... Comber and Gunn, 1996] Activity (study in a hard water catchment area) Washing Machine Input Water Washing Dishwashing Input Water (machine) Washing Dishwashing Input Water (hand) Washing Bathing Input ... wine processing installations Zinc: comes from corrosion and leaching of plumbing, water-proofing products (zinc formate, zinc oxide), anti-pest products (zinc arsenate - in insecticides, zinc...
... labour-based projects in agriculture or infrastructure (building roads or houses, tilling the land, etc) may result in the creation of short-term jobs, combined with basic skills training andin some cases ... engagement Since the 2005 Strategy for Africa, EU funding has clustered around support for agriculture and agribusiness, involving local government in economic planning for rural areas, and support ... capacity- and institution-building Track is basically what the first two tracks work towards: creating an enabling national environment by working on policies and institutions and setting the ‘rules...
... with rural health clinics have been envisioned Furthermore, delivery of training, in particular computer training, is increasingly in high demand for rural Internet centers NIIT, a multinational ... primarily interested in delivering service inurban areas, and certain requirements have negative implications for operators interested inruralareas The specific regulations governing entry into ... month Clearly, rural cable TV is economically selfsustainable, indeed is flourishing, given the large demand and willingness to pay for entertainment products inruraland poor India, and the reasonably...