11hereditary cystic and congenital diseases of the kidney and the urinary tract pdf
Tài liệu Infectious Diseases of the Head and Neck pptx
Ngày tải lên :
19/02/2014, 08:20
... times, and the incidence peaked in Europe in the 13th century The infection usually affects superficial peripheral nerves, skin, mucous membranes, urinary tract, the eyes, and the testes, and disease ... a nodular mass at the angle of the jaw The masses gradually increase in size and number and form sinuses that open onto the face and neck Although infection is often seen in the jaw area, Actinomyces ... in the host following the fly bite The sandfly inoculates the host with the organisms in the promastigote stage Once the organisms are inoculated, they are phagocytized by host macrophages The...
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Tài liệu Committee on Foreign and Emerging Diseases of the United States Animal Health Association pptx
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 05:20
... Service and the Bureau of Indian Affairs Support roles are also played by the Department of Transportation, the Department of Defense, the Department of Commerce, the Department of Justice, the Department ... meaningful and less meaningful Less meaningful because of the rapid movement of diseases around the world and the increasing likelihood that one of these will be found here (Exotic Newcastle disease and ... and a number of foreign countries have shared their expertise and their time to create this seventh edition The Chair and Co-Chair of the USAHA Committee on Foreign and Emerging Diseases, Corrie...
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Oncogenesis, Inflammatory and Parasitic Tropical Diseases of the Lung Edited by Jean-Marie Kayembe potx
Ngày tải lên :
23/03/2014, 14:20
... Transducer and Activator of Transcription), and several other proteins and molecules (Fig 2) Oncogenesis, Inflammatory and Parasitic Tropical Diseases of the Lung Figure The binding of specific ligands ... pneumocytes and some bronchiolar cells of the transgenic animals, and thereby promoted the development of carcinoma of the lung This mouse model should prove useful to the study of lung carcinogenesis and ... adenocarcinomas of the lung These mu‐ tations result in prolonged activation of the receptor and downstream signaling through phosphorylated Akt, in the absence of ligand stimulation of the extracellular...
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Hughes, Mansel & Webster''''s Benign Disorders and Diseases of the Breast pdf
Ngày tải lên :
28/03/2014, 22:20
... influence of their work Of course many others made major contributions, though of less depth and impact Brodie and Paget of the UK, Semb of Norway, Reclus of France and Schimmelbusch and Billroth of ... Prize of the Royal College of Surgeons for his dissertation on diseases of the mammary gland, and this was published as a monograph entitled Diseases of the Breast and their Treatment in 1850.8 The ... nipple and areolar necrosis 29 Benign disorders and diseases of the breast Lymphatics of the breast The lymphatic drainage of the breast is of great importance in the spread of malignant disease of...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 1) pps
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... circulating androgen, is converted by the enzyme 5αreductase to dihydrotestosterone in the gland The periurethral portion of the gland increases in size during puberty and after the age of 55 due to the ... and Pathology The prostate is located in the pelvis and is surrounded by the rectum, the bladder, the periprostatic and dorsal vein complexes that are responsible for erectile function, and the ... (PSA) and acid phosphatase are produced in the epithelial cells Both prostate epithelial cells and stromal cells express androgen receptors and depend on androgens for growth Testosterone, the...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 2) pot
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... which the tempo of the illness is altered and symptoms controlled until the patient dies of other causes These can be equivalent therapeutically from a patient standpoint if the patient has not ... death, the states model allows a distinction between cure the elimination of all cancer cells, the primary therapeutic objective when treating most cancers and cancer control, in which the tempo of ... surgically remains in the state of localized disease as long as the PSA remains undetectable The time within a state becomes a measure of the efficacy of an intervention, though the effect may not...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 3) docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... palpable, and of these, 70% are pathologically organ-confined The downside of widespread PSA screening is the detection and treatment of cancers with such a low malignant potential that they would ... examined for the presence of cancer, and the amount of cancer is quantified based on the length of the tumor within the core and the percentage of the core involved ... course of antibiotics before biopsy Men with an abnormal PSA and negative biopsy are advised to undergo a repeat biopsy Each core of the biopsy is examined for the presence of cancer, and the amount...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 4) potx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... to the extent of the disease within the gland, the presence or absence of capsular invasion, involvement of seminal vesicles, and extension of disease to lymph nodes Because of the inadequacy of ... identified solely on the basis of an abnormal PSA (T1c), those that are palpable but clinically confined to the gland (T2), and those that have extended outside the gland (T3 and T4) (Table 91-1) ... for staging, the staging system was modified to include the results of imaging studies Unfortunately, no single test has proven to indicate accurately the stage or the presence of organ-confined...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 5) pot
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... more advanced the disease, the lower the probability of local control and the higher the probability of systemic relapse More important is that within the categories of T1, T2, and T3 disease ... radiation therapy, or active surveillance Choice of therapy requires the consideration of several factors: the presence of symptoms, the probability that the untreated tumor will adversely affect the ... of outcomes of various forms of therapy is limited by the lack of prospective trials, referral bias, and differences in the outcomes used The primary outcomes are cancer control and treatment-related...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 6) docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... radiation therapy (IMRT) to maximize the dose to the prostate and to minimize the exposure of the surrounding normal structures The addition of IMRT has permitted further shaping of the dose, ... related to the quality of erections pretreatment, the dose administered, and the time of assessment Postradiation erectile dysfunction is related to a disruption of the vascular supply and not the nerve ... Neoadjuvant hormone therapy has also been studied in combination with radiation therapy The aim is to decrease the size of the prostate and, consequently, to reduce the exposure of normal tissues...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 7) potx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... surgery and/ or radiation therapy By definition, patients have no evidence of disease on scan For these patients the central issue is whether the rise in PSA results from persistent disease in the ... undergone radiation therapy The decision to recommend radiation therapy after prostatectomy is often made on the basis of the pathologic findings at surgery, as imaging studies such as CT and bone scan ... estimated that 10–15% of patients had "insignificant" cancers Given the multifocality of the disease, a concern is the limited ability to predict pathologic findings on the basis of a needle biopsy,...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 8) docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... 69, and 79% if the doubling time was short (
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 9) pdf
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... Outcomes of Androgen Depletion The antiprostate cancer effects of the various androgen depletion strategies are similar, and the clinical course is predictable: an initial response, then a period of ... quality of life Combined androgen blockade the administration of an antiandrogen plus a GnRH analogue or surgical orchiectomy—was designed to inhibit both testicular and adrenal androgens at the ... patients treated with radiation therapy and years of androgen depletion relative to radiation alone, was criticized for the poor outcomes of the control group Another showing a survival benefit...
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Chapter 091. Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate (Part 11) pdf
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 02:20
... to assess the urinary outflow tract before surgery Imaging of the upper tracts is advised for patients with hematuria, a history of calculi, or prior urinary tract problems Medical therapies ... at bedtime) act by relaxing the smooth muscle of the bladder neck and increasing peak urinary flow rates No data show that these agents influence the progression of the disease Surgical approaches ... Over 5 how often past month, the have you found it difficult to postpone urination? Over the past month, how often have you had a weak urinary stream? Over the (No (1 (2 (3 (4 (5 how often past...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 1 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
09/08/2014, 14:22
... gallbladder neck and the cystic duct by defining the cystic lymph node The node may be swept in the direction of the common bile duct, facilitating the recognition of the cystic duct and the cystic artery ... vein, and the celiac axis The inferior pathway of nodes along the cystic duct, anterior and lateral aspect of the portal vein, the posterior aspect of the pancreas, between the aorta and the inferior ... Anatomy and physiology of the biliary tree and gallbladder James Toouli and Mayank Bhandari OBJECTIVES • Describe the anatomy of the liver and biliary tract • Highlight the surgical anatomy of the...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 2 potx
Ngày tải lên :
09/08/2014, 14:22
... view of this hypothesis, it is interesting that the coexistence of cystic fibrosis and ADPKD appears to reduce or delay formation of renal and hepatic cysts [67] The interaction of polycystin-1 and ... examination They can Chapter 3: Epidemiology of diseases of the bile ducts and gallbladder be distinguished from stones by their fixed position in the gallbladder and by the lack of an acoustic ... idiopathic disease of the biliary tract characterized by strictures and dilatations of the large intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts The etiology and pathogenesis of PSC are unknown The prevalence...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 3 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
09/08/2014, 14:22
... profound segmental atrophy, particularly in the anterior segment of the right hepatic lobe and the medial segment of the left hepatic lobe Furthermore, there are often enlarged lymph nodes in the ... includes the rnucosa, the fibromuscularis, and the fibrous layer of the serosa The outer hyperechoic layer corresponds to the subserosal fatty tissue, the serosa, and the interface echo between the ... Involvement of the main trunk of the portal vein Involvement of both branches of the portal vein or bilateral involvement of the hepatic artery and portal vein Vascular involvement on one side of the...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 4 pot
Ngày tải lên :
09/08/2014, 14:22
... al The role of radiation therapy in cancer of the extra-hepatic biliary system: an analysis of thirteen patients and a review of the literature of the effectiveness of surgery, chemotherapy and ... approaches for the biliary tree and gallbladder by irradiation They further characterized the injury as “vacuolation, swelling, and necrosis of the epithelial cells of the ducts, and by a slow and atypical ... absorption of the majority of their energy at the end of their track range, the so-called Bragg peak The dose unit of charged particles is the Gray Equivalent (GyE) Figure 7.2 demonstrates the energy...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 5 potx
Ngày tải lên :
09/08/2014, 14:22
... some cases of classical injuries The deceptive flaring appearance is caused by the separation of the cystic and common hepatic ducts or the side of the common hepatic duct and the side of the gallbladder ... sheath of the main right portal pedicle Therefore, to find the bile duct within the sheath of the right portal pedicle, the cystic plate must be detached from the anterior surface of the sheath of the ... At the time of reconstruction there is often evidence of dissection on the left side of the common duct, even to the point of exposure of the portal vein [12] Sometimes one clip is placed on the...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 6 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
09/08/2014, 14:22
... liver and then the gallbladder Uptake by the liver and excretion into the duodenum without filling of the gallbladder is indicative for occlusion of the cystic duct This test has a sensitivity of ... addition, they not definitively manage the biliary disease [75] Morbidity and mortality The morbidity and mortality are mostly determined by the presence of comorbid diseases of the patient and the ... attacks of mild acute cholecystitis, caused by transient obstruction of the cystic duct by stones, lead to the development of a chronic inflammation of the wall of the gallbladder Besides the reparative...
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- hệ việt nam nhật bản và sức hấp dẫn của tiếng nhật tại việt nam
- xác định các mục tiêu của chương trình
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- khảo sát chương trình đào tạo của các đơn vị đào tạo tại nhật bản
- khảo sát chương trình đào tạo gắn với các giáo trình cụ thể
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- tiến hành xây dựng chương trình đào tạo dành cho đối tượng không chuyên ngữ tại việt nam
- điều tra đối với đối tượng giảng viên và đối tượng quản lí
- điều tra với đối tượng sinh viên học tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ1
- khảo sát thực tế giảng dạy tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ tại việt nam
- khảo sát các chương trình đào tạo theo những bộ giáo trình tiêu biểu
- nội dung cụ thể cho từng kĩ năng ở từng cấp độ
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- phát huy những thành tựu công nghệ mới nhất được áp dụng vào công tác dạy và học ngoại ngữ
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