The present continuous tense Thì trong tiếng anh Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 1 The present continuous tense Phần I: LÝ THUYẾT 1.1. “Thì” trong tiếng Anh “Thì” là khái niệm dành riêng cho động từ, dùng để chỉ thời gian mà hoạt động xảy ra. Trong tiếng Anh thì được biểu diễn bằng 2 phương thức: - Phương thức 1: biểu diễn qua trợ động từ. - Phương thức 2: biểu diễn qua hậu tố. 1.2. Hình thức và cách sử dụng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn 1.2.1. Hình thức (Form): S + be (am/is/are) + V-ing 1.2.2. Về cách biến đổi động từ V-ing - Thông thường chúng ta thêm đuôi “-ing” sau các động từ (watch - watching, do - doing, rain – raining, play - playng). - Các động từ kết thúc bởi đuôi "E", chúng ta bỏ "E" sau đó thêm đuôi "-ING" (invite inviting, write writing , ) - Các động từ kết thúc bởi đuôi " IE" chúng ta đổi "IE" thành "Y" rồi thêm "-ING" (lie - lying, die - dying, ) - Các động từ kết thúc bởi đuôi "ee" chúng ta chỉ cần thêm đuôi "-ing " (see seeing ) - Các động từ kết thúc bằng 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm: + Động từ 1 âm tiết luôn gấp đôi phụ âm cuối ( begin - beginning; swim – swimming, stop – stopping, rob – robbing, travel –travelling,…) + Động từ 2 âm tiết trở lên, chỉ gấp đôi phụ âm khi nó được nhấn vào âm đầu (trừ phụ âm L) (Pre`fer – preferring, `Listen - listening). - Động từ kết thúc bằng 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm W hay X, không gấp đôi phụ âm (snow – snowing, flow- flowing, grow – growing, snow – snowing, fix - fixing). 1.3. Cách sử dụng (Uses): 1.3.1. Chúng ta dùng thì Present Continuous (Hiện tại tiếp diễn) khi nói về một việc nào đó đang diễn ra ngay lúc nói: E.g: - Please don’t make so much noise: I’m studying. ( Không dùng “ I study”). - “Where is Margaret?” “She’s having a bath”. ( Không dùng “ She has”). - Let’s go out now. It isn’t raining any more. - ( at a party) Hello, Huyen. Are you enjoying the party? ( Không dùng “ do you enjoy”). Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 2 The present continuous tense - She is learning English now . * Thường đi kèm với các trạng từ: now, right now, at the moment, at present, shhh!, listen!, look!, at present, today,… 1.3.2. Chúng ta dùng thì Present Continuous để diễn đạt một hành động không nhất thiết xảy ra trong thời điểm nói nhưng người trong cuộc ngầm hiểu hành động đó nằm trong quá trình thực hiện. E.g: - Tom and Ann are talking and drinking in cafe. Tom say: “I’m reading an interesting book at the moment. I’ll lend it to you when I’ve finished it”. - Silvia is learning English at the moment. (Không dùng “learns”) - Have you heard about Tom? He is building his own house. (Không dùng “builds”). 1.3.3. Chúng ta dùng thì Present Continuous để diễn đạt một kế hoạch chắc chắn sẽ xảy ra trong trong tương lai (tomorrow, next week, tonight, to day, this season,…) E.g: - We are having breakfast at 8 a.m tomorrow. - “You are working hard to day”. “Yes, I have a lot to do” - Tom isn’t playing football this season. He wants to concentrate on his studies. - A: What are you doing tomorrow evening? B: I’m going to the theatre. - A: Are you playing football tomorrow? B: Yes, but Tom isn’t playing. He has hurt his leg. - A: Ann is coming tomorrow. B: Oh, is she? What time is she arriving A: At 10.15. B: Are you meetingher at the station? A: I can’t. I working tomorrow evening. Chúng ta cũng có thể dùng going to (do) trong các câu sau: - What are you going to do tomorrow evening? - Tom is going to play tennis on Monday afternoon. * Khi trong câu dùng các động từ mang tính chuyển động như: go, come, leave, arrive, move, have thì không cần dùng các trạng từ chỉ thời gian. E.g : - Don't come early . We are having a nice party . 1.3.4. Chúng ta dùng thì Present Continuous để diễn đạt một sự phàn nàn của người phát ngôn đối với sự vật, hiện tượng (đi cùng always): Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 3 The present continuous tense E.g: - She is always losing her glasses . * Đặc biệt lưu ý những động từ ở bảng sau không được chia ở thể tiếp diễn dù bất cứ ở thời nào khi chúng là những động từ tĩnh diễn đạt trạng thái cảm giác của hoạt động tinh thần hoặc tính chất của sự vật, sự việc. Nhưng khi chúng là động từ hành động thì được phép dùng ở thể tiếp diễn. know believe hear see smell wish understand hate love like want sound have need appear seem taste own E.g: - He has a lot of books - He is having dinner now. (Động từ hành động: ăn tối) - I think they will come in times. - I’m thinking of my test tomorrow. (Động từ hành động: đang nghĩ) Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 4 The present continuous tense Phần II: BÀI TẬP Exercise 1: Complete the sentences with one of the following verbs in correct form 1. “You are working hard to day”. “Yes, T have a lot to do”. 2. I …….………… for Mary. Do you know where she is? 3. It . ……………….dark. Shall I turn on the light? 4. Thet haven’t got anywhere to live at the moment. They ……with friends until they find somewhere. 5. “Are you ready. Ann?”. “Yes, I…… …….” 6. Have you got umbrella? It…… ………….to rian. 7. You …….…………………… a lot of noise. Could you be quieter? I ………… …….to concentrate. 8. Why are all these people here? What …… …………? Exercise 2: Put the verbs into the correct form. Sometimes you need the negative 1. I’m tired. I’m to bed now. Good night (go) 2. We can go out now. It ……… …………….any more. (rain) 3. “How is your new job?” “ Not so good at the moment. I … ….it very much. (enjoy) 4. Mary phoned me last night. She’s on holiday in France. She … a great time and doesn’t want to come back. (have) 5. I want to lose weight to this week I… …lunch. (eat) 6. Linda has just staeted everning classes. She …German.(learn) 7. I think Paul and Ann have had an argument. They to each other. (speak) Exercise 3: Making questions 1. “ this week?” “No, he’s on holiday.” (Colin/work) 2. Why at me like that? What’s the master? (you/look) 3. “Jenny is a student at university” “Is she” “What ?” (she/study) Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 5 come get happen look make stay try The present continuous tense 4. “ to the radio or can I turn it off ” (anybody/listen) 5. How is your English? better? (it/get) Exercise 4 : Consideration – Sentence building 1. Lan’s sister/ water/ flowers/ garden/ at the moment. 2. He/ look/ tired. Does he? Yes. He/ write/ book/ environment/ these days. 3. Tom is so untidy. I can’t stand him. He/ always/ leave/ things/ his room. 4. She/ usually/ talk/ very slowly and clearly but she/ talk / much faster than usual now. 5. She/ help/ us/ tomorrow/. She’ll be here by 8 a.m. Exercise 5 : In this exercise you have to decide whether the verb in these sentences are right or wrong. Correct those which are wrong. The verb is underlined. E.g: I don’t know your telephone number. Please don’t much so much noise. I study 1. Look! Somebody is climbing up that tree over there. 2. Can you hear those people? What do they talk about? 3. Are you bilieving in God? 4. Look! That man tries to open the door of your car. 5. The moon goes round the earth. 6. I’m thinking it would be a good idea to leave early. 7. The government is worred because the number of people without jobs is increasing. 8. I’m usually going to work by car. Exercise 6: Now you have to put the verb into the correct from, present continuous (I am doing) or present simple (I do). E.g: Please don’t make so much noise. I am studying (study) Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 6 The present continuous tense How many languages does Tom speak (Tom/speak) This machine doesn’t work (not/work). I hasn’t worked for years. 1. I …… (not/belong) to a political party. 2. Hurry! The bus .(come). I … not/want) to miss it. 3. The river Nile … (flow) into the Medierranean. 4. The river … ……… (flow) very fast today – much faster than usual. 5. (it/ ever/ snow) in India? 6. We usually … (grow) vegetables in our garden but this year we (not/grow) any. 7. A: Can you drive? B: No, but I … …(learn). My father … ….(teach) me. 8. You can borrow my umbrella. I … …….(not/need) it at the moment. 9. (at the party) I usually … ….(enjoy) parties but I … … (not/enjoy) this one very much. 10. George says he’s 80 years old but I… (not/believe) him. 11. Ron is London at the moment. He… …(stay) at the Hilton Hotel. He usually ….(stay) at the Hilton Hotel when he’s in London. 12. She … (stay) with her sitter at the moment until she finds somewhere to live. 13. A: What … your father/do)? B: He’s teacher, but he … …(not/work) at the moment. Exercise 7: A friend of yours is planning to go on holiday very soon. You ask him about his plans. Use the words in brackets to make your questions. E.g: (Where/go?) Where are you doing? 1. (how long/stay?) 2. (when/leave?) 3. (go/alone?) 4. (go/by car?) 5. (Where/stay?) Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 7 The present continuous tense Exercise 8: Tom wants you to visit him but you are very busy. Look at your diary for the next few days and explain to him why you can’t come. Exercise 9: Put the verb into the most suitable from, present continuous (I am doing) or present simple (I do). E.g: We are going (go) to the theatre this evening? Does the film begin (the fiml/begin) at 3.30 or 4.30? 1. We… …………(have) a party next Saturday. Would you like to come? 2. I (not/go) away for my holidays next month because I haven’t got enough money away? 3. The concert this evening (start) at 7.30. 4. George, is it true that you (get) married next week. 5. The art exhibition … (open) on 3 May and (finish) on 15 July. 6. What time (the next train/leave) ? 7. Ann, we (go) to town. (you/come) with us? Exercise 10: Put the verbs in brackets into the present continuous tense. In No. 25, have is used as an or dinary verb and can therefore be used in the continuous tense. 1. She (not work), she (swim) in the river. 2. He (teach) his boy to ride. Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 8 Tom: Can you come on Monday evening? You: Sorry, I’d love to but I’m playing volleyball. Tom: What about Tuesday evening then? You: I can’t I’m afraid. I’m(1) Tom: Well, what are you going on Wednesday evening? You: (2) Tom : I see. Well, are you free on Thursday evening? You: I’m afraid not. (3) Monday Friday Volleyball 7.30 p.m Tuesday Saturday Work late (till 9 p.m) Wednesday Sunday Theatre (with mother) Thursday Notes meet Julia 8 p.m The present continuous tense 3. Why Ann (not wear) her new dress? 4. The airplane (fly) at 2,000 metres. 5. What Tom (do) now? He (clean) his shoes. 6. This fire (go) out. Somebody (bring) more coal? 7. It (rain)? Yes, it (rain) very hard. You can't go out yet. 8. Why you (mend) that old shirt? 9. You (not tell) the truth. How do you know that I (not tell) the truth? 10. Who (move) the furniture about upstairs? It's Tom. He (paint) the front bedroom. 11. Mrs Jones (sweep) the steps outside her house. 12. What you (read) now? I (read) Crime and Punishment. 13. It is a lovely day. The sun (shine) and the birds (sing). 14. Someone (knock) at the door. Shall I answer it? Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 9 The present continuous tense I (come) in a minute. I just (wash) my hands. 15. She always (ring) up and (ask) questions. 16. Why you (make) a cake? Someone (come) to tea? 17. Where is Tom? He (lie) under the car. 18. Can I borrow your pen or you (use) it at the moment? 19. You (do) anything this evening? No, I'm not. Well, I (go) to the cinema. Would you like to come with me? 20. We (have) breakfast at 8.00 tomorrow as Tom (catch) an early train. 21. Ann usually does the shopping, but I (do) it today as she isn't well. 22. Why you (type) so fast? You (make) a lot of mistakes. 23. Mother (rest) now. She always rests after lunch. 24. They (dig) an enormous hole just outside my gate. What they (do) that for? I don't know. Perhaps they (look) for oil. Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 10 [...]... tense DANH MỤC TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO 1 Murphy,R.(2001) English Grammar In Use, 130 bài ngữ pháp tiếng Anh, .Hà Nội: NXB Thống Kê 2 Nguyễn Thành Yến (2008) Streamline English TP.HCM: Nxb TP HCM 3 English Grammar Review ( http:// www.hp.vietnam.vn, truy cập: 25/11/2009) 4 Thomson, A J & Martinet, A.V A English Grammar Exercises1 (http:// www.amec.com.vn , truy cập: 25/11/2009) 5 Khang Việt (2009) Từ điển Anh. .. 10 I'm afraid I've broken one of your coffee cups Don't worry I (not like) that set anyway 11 I (wear) my sunglasses today because the sun is very strong Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 11 The present continuous tense 12 Tom can't have the newspaper now because his aunt (read) it 13 I'm busy at the moment I (redecorate) . continuous tense Thì trong tiếng anh Chu Duy Hong -19-Van-Su- K12 1 The present continuous tense Phần I: LÝ THUYẾT 1.1. Thì trong tiếng Anh Thì là khái. dành riêng cho động từ, dùng để chỉ thời gian mà hoạt động xảy ra. Trong tiếng Anh thì được biểu diễn bằng 2 phương thức: - Phương thức 1: biểu diễn qua