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Adobe Photoshop 7.0 for Photographers
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Adobe Photoshop 7.0 for Photographers
In memory of my mother Marjorie Evening
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Contents
Adobe Photoshop 7.0 for Photographers
A professional image editor’s guide to the creative
use of Photoshop for the Macintosh and PC
Martin Evening
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Adobe Photoshop 7.0 for Photographers
Focal Press
An imprint of Elsevier Science
Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP
225 Wildwood Avenue, Woburn MA 01801-2041
First published 2002
The right of Martin Evening to be identified as the author of this work
has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and
Patents Act 1988
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including
photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether
or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without
the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the
provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of
a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road,
London, England W1T 4LP. Applications for the copyright holder’s written
permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed
to the publisher
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN 0 240 51690 7
For information on all Focal Press publications visit our website at:
www.focalpress.com
Printed and bound in Italy
Copyright © 2002, Martin Evening. All rights reserved
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Contents
v
Contents
Introduction xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Getting started xvi
What’s new in Photoshop 7.0 xvi
Mac OS X and Windows XP support xvii
File Browser xvii
Healing brush and patch tool xviii
Brushes engine xviii
Interface refinements xviii
Automation xix
Auto Color xix
Filter menu xx
Web features xx
Extras xx
Chapter One – Digital Capture 1
Structure of a digital image 2
Scanners 4
What to look for in a scanner 6
Resolution 6
Dynamic range 7
Bit depth 8
Scanning speed 8
Software 10
Visual assessment 10
Purchasing bureau scans 10
Kodak Photo CD and Picture CD 11
Image quality 11
Optimum Photo CDs 13
Opening a Photo CD image 13
In conclusion 14
Digital cameras 15
Consumer cameras 15
35 mm SLR features 16
Hot mirror filters 17
Medium format CCD cameras 18
Making every pixel count 20
Scanning backs 23
Is it time to go digital? 24
Camera software and storage 25
Conclusion 27
Chapter Two – Resolution 28
Pixels versus vectors 29
Terminology 31
Repro considerations 33
Inkjet output resolution 34
Creating a new document 35
Altering the image size 35
Practical conclusions 39
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Adobe Photoshop 7.0 for Photographers
vi
Chapter Three – Configuring Photoshop 40
Buying a system 41
Monitor display 42
Video cards 43
Extras 43
Retailers 44
Improving Photoshop performance 45
Chip speed 45
Chip acceleration 46
RAM memory and scratch disks 46
Clearing the Photoshop memory 49
Configuring the RAM memory settings (Macintosh OS 9) 49
Configuring the RAM memory settings (Windows and Mac OS X) 49
Photoshop and Mac OS X 50
Installing Mac OS X and Photoshop 51
Shared and non-shared items 52
Windows XP 52
Office environment 53
System software 54
Chapter Four – Color Management 55
The need for color management 55
Why not all RGB spaces are the same 56
The way things were 57
CMYK color management 58
RGB devices 58
Not all RGB color devices are the same 59
ICC profiled color management 59
Switching on Photoshop ICC color management 63
Monitor profiling 63
Monitor calibration 64
Mac OS X calibration 65
Contrast and brightness 65
Neutralizing the color 66
Target Gamma 66
White point 67
Conclusion 67
Calibrating a PC monitor with Adobe Gamma 68
The value of a calibrated display 69
The Photoshop color engine 69
The profiled approach 71
The versatility of RGB 72
Choosing an RGB work space 73
Apple RGB 74
sRGB IEC-61966-2.1 74
ColorMatch RGB 74
ProPhoto RGB 74
Adobe RGB (1998)
74
The ideal RGB working space 75
Photoshop color management interface 76
The Color Settings 76
Color management policies 77
Managing the Color Settings 80
Profile conversions 81
Converting to the work space 83
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Contents
vii
Handling Grayscale 84
Handling legacy files 85
Advanced color settings 87
Blend RGB colors using gamma 88
Desaturate monitor colors 89
Customizing the RGB and work space gamma 89
RGB to CMYK 90
CMYK setup 91
Advanced CMYK settings 91
Conversion options 91
Rendering intent 93
Black Point Compensation 94
Use Dither (8-bit per channel images) 94
Creating a custom CMYK setting 94
Ink Colors 95
Dot gain 96
Separation options 97
Black generation 98
Opening CMYK and Lab files 98
Information palette 99
The ICC color managed workflow 101
Chapter Five – File Management and Output 102
RGB output to transparency and print 103
CMYK output 104
Fine art printing 104
Inkjet CMYK output 105
Inkjet media 105
The ideal inkjet 106
Photoshop print controls 107
Color proofing for press output 108
Targeted CMYK printing 111
Soft proofing 112
Simulate Paper White and Ink Black 113
PostScript printing 114
Quantity printing 115
Stormy waters 116
Storing digital files 116
Image database management 117
The File Browser 118
Renaming in the File Browser 120
The future of image asset management 121
Bureau checklist 122
Image protection 123
Chapter Six – The Work Space 125
Photoshop preferences 125
Saving files 127
Display & Cursors 130
Transparency & Gamut 131
Units & Rulers 131
Guides, Grid & Slices 132
Plug-ins & Scratch Disks 133
Memory & Image Cache 134
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Adobe Photoshop 7.0 for Photographers
viii
Image window 135
Title bar proxy icons (Macintosh) 136
Preview box options 136
Managing document windows 136
Rulers, Guides & Grid 137
‘Snap to’ behavior 138
The Photoshop palettes 138
Palette docking 139
Workspace settings 140
File Browser 141
Navigator 142
Info 142
Tool Options bar 143
Tool Presets 144
Character 144
Paragraph 145
Brushes 145
Brushes palette 145
Styles 148
Swatches 148
Color 148
Preset Manager 148
Actions 149
History 150
Layers 150
Channels 151
Paths 151
Tools palette 152
Selection tools 153
Modifier keys
155
Lasso: freehand/polygon/magnetic 157
Move tool 160
Crop tool 161
Slicing tools 164
The paint tools 164
Healing brush/Patch tool 164
Brush 165
Pencil 165
Clone stamp/Pattern stamp 165
History brush 166
History brush and Snapshot 166
History and memory usage 168
Non-linear history 169
Art history brush 170
Eraser/background eraser/magic eraser 171
The Extract command 173
Gradients 174
Noise gradients 176
Paint bucket 177
Focus: blur/sharpen/smudge 177
Toning: dodge/burn/sponge 178
Pen and path drawing 179
Type tool 179
Shape tools 180
Annotation tools 180
Eyedropper/color sampler 181
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Contents
ix
Measure 182
Navigation tools – hand and zoom 182
Foreground/background colors 183
Selection mode/Quick mask 183
Screen display 183
Jump to button 184
Summary 184
Chapter Seven – File Formats 185
TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) 186
EPS 188
DCS 189
Photoshop PDF 189
PDF security 192
Importing multi-page PDF files 192
PICT 193
JPEG 193
File formats for the Web 195
Other file formats for the Internet 195
GIF 196
Save for Web 198
PNG (Portable Network Graphics) 203
IVUE 204
FlashPix 204
Future of electronic publishing 204
Chapter Eight – Basic Image Adjustments 205
Cropping 205
Orientation and canvas 207
Precise image rotation 208
Big data 208
Perspective cropping 209
Image analysis 210
Levels adjustments 211
Specular highlights 213
Assigning shadow and highlight points 216
Unsharp masking 217
Sharpening for repro 218
Amount 218
Radius 220
Threshold 220
Selective sharpening 220
Chapter Nine – Color Adjustments 222
Hue/Saturation 222
Color balancing with Levels 226
Variations 227
Auto adjustments 227
Color Balance 229
Variations 229
Curves adjustments 229
Arbitrary Map mode 235
Replace Color 236
Color Range 238
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[...]... feature is the inclusion of some of the book tutorials in movie form on the CD-ROM From my own experience, movies are a helpful way to learn and assimilate Photoshop techniques Adobe Photoshop 5.0 for Photographers was first published in October 1998 This and the subsequent Adobe Photoshop 5.5 and 6.0 for Photographers were bestselling Photoshop titles on the Amazon.com book selling lists in the United... ‘PHOTOS’ and open the files directly in Photoshop These PICT format images (for TV monitor display) are not suited for reprographic output as the highlight tones tend to be clipped 13 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark Adobe Photoshop 7.0 for Photographers • • • • • Insert the Photo CD disc into the CD-ROM drive With Photoshop loaded, open the image required... size and alignment The document window will display the size dimensions in the status box and you can create a new document from a custom preset document size (and create your own document size presets) Automation Photoshop 7.0 fully supports automated system scripting This will enable the geekier users among us to write scripts that operate actions from outside of Photoshop to perform discrete image... is new in this latest version of Photoshop What’s new in Photoshop 7.0 Whenever a new full version of Photoshop is released there is a predictable debate over whether the new program justifies being classed as a full upgrade or not But whatever the pundits and critics like myself write, it is going to be the Photoshop customers who will ultimately decide if Photoshop 7.0 makes the grade or not Speaking... images, but the Pattern Maker can also be used to produce interesting pattern tiles that work for larger images as well Web features More web features have been added to Photoshop 7.0 and ImageReady™ 7.0 In the Photoshop Save for Web dialog you can save customized SFW settings, specify knockout transparency for one or more colors in a web graphics element and create partial transparency effects You... bits per channel in Photoshop The histogram after adjusting the Levels will look smooth as shown here, meaning there is no tonal information lost 9 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark Adobe Photoshop 7.0 for Photographers Software The scanner will be supplied with driver software that controls the scanner The scanner driver may be in the form of a stand-alone... anticipated features of Photoshop 7.0 While at the same time, PC users now have support for the Windows XP operating system, and I’ll be writing more about this in Chapter Three Mac OS X is based on a UNIX core and although UNIX has been around for a long time, the last time it was supported by Photoshop was in version 3.0 So a lot of engineering time had to be devoted to updating the Photoshop 7.0 code in order... photographs The File Browser is a very welcome addition for Photoshop, as we are now able to quickly see large image thumbnails and previews Images can be ranked according to preference plus you can rotate and batch rename selected images from within the browser interface And since Photoshop 7.0 features XMP (eXtensible Markup Platform) support for embedding metadata, you can view all the associated... this watermark Adobe Photoshop 7.0 for Photographers Profile, Clair Rawlings, Herb Paynter, Red or Dead Ltd, Eric Richmond, Andrew Rodney, Schwarzkopf Ltd, Michael Smiley, The Smithsonian Institution, Susanne Sturton, Paul Smith, Martin Soan, Storm, Tapestry, Tresemme, gJim Williams, Russell Williams, Mark Williford and YU salon And lastly, thanks to friends and family My late mother for all her love... 16-bit per channel images xix Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark Adobe Photoshop 7.0 for Photographers Filter menu The Adobe filter plug-in previews have all been enlarged to twice their previous size This will make it easier to evaluate the final outcome before applying a filter and visualize what the image will look like at different filter settings The Liquify . watermark.
Adobe Photoshop 7. 0 for Photographers
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Adobe Photoshop 7. 0 for Photographers
In. 1 70
Eraser/background eraser/magic eraser 171
The Extract command 173
Gradients 174
Noise gradients 176
Paint bucket 177
Focus: blur/sharpen/smudge 177
Toning:
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