art directors, 598 artifact, 641 Artistic commands (Filter menu) Paint Daubs, 266, 350 Sponge, 220 artists. See developers asphalt textures, 256–264 assets compound assets mesh creation, 26–27 overview, 15 defined, 15 Atari, 2 ATI Technologies Web site, 664 audio-video interleave (AVI), 641 Automatic: Planar wrapping, 128, 134 Automatic Mapping feature, 102–103 Automatic section (Command Panel), 138 automatic U-V mapping, 102–103 Avalon Web site, 658 AVI (audio-video interleave), 641 B B-Spline deformations, 69 backpack (slogre character example), 477 barrel (RF-9 plasma gun) building, 44–48 researching information about, 432–433 texturing, 459–468 unwrapping, 133–137 Bevel and Emboss effect, 201 Bevel tool, 46 beveling technique, 224, 455 binary space partitioning (BSP), 642 biped objects adding, adjusting and aligning, 558–560 attaching to character model, 566–569 matching to character model, 561–566 overview, 24, 556 Black Knight Productions Web site, 659 blades, 50–51 Blake Stone, 7 blast mark textures, 347–349 Blending modes Color Dodge, 302 Hard Light, 389 keyboard shortcuts, 638 Soft Light, 306 blood splat textures, 350–352 Blue’s News Web site, 666 Blur commands (Filter menu) Gaussian blur, 220, 237, 246, 258, 273 Radial Blur, 349 BMP file format, 629 body (slogre character model) researching information about, 477 texturing, 502–503 unwrapping, 179 bone textures, 402–406 Border command (Select menu, Modify), 252 bounding boxes, creating, 519–521 brick textures cement/stucco appearance to, 206–216 cloudy blend, 198 color of, 197 craquelure, 199 cropping, 204 flaws in, correcting, 205 mortar, 199–202 noise, adding, 198 overview, 196 patterns, 202, 204 sizing, 202 Brush Stokes commands (Filter menu) Crosshatch, 456 Spatter, 211, 275 BSP (binary space partitioning), 642 buffers, 625 buildings, texturing, 590–592 674 Index TEAMFLY Team-Fly ® Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. bullet hole textures on cement, 344–347 on metal, inward, 335–338 on metal, outward, 338–343 bump map, 642 Burn tool, 304 C Caligari Web site, 662 camouflage textures, 413–416 Canvas Size command (Image menu), 222–223, 259 Cap Holes modifier, 157 CD-ROM, 670–671 cement textures, 219–229 central processing unit (CPU), 5 channel modification, keyboard shortcuts, 637 Channels palette, 212 character models biped objects attaching, 566–569 matching to, 561–566 brainstorming and process planning, 17–18 compound asset example, 15 design pre-considerations, 68–69 pivot points, 515–519 slogre character appendages, aligning and combining, 89–92 arms, building, 82–88 arms, texturing, 502–503 arms, unwrapping, 169–175 body, building, 70–77 body, texturing, 502–503 body, unwrapping, 179 cuffs, texturing, 505–506 exporting to DeepUV, 159 eyes, texturing, 492–495 feet, texturing, 504 first draft concept, 18–20 hands, texturing, 505 harsh angles of, smoothing, 158 head, texturing, 488–492 head, unwrapping, 175–179 legs, building, 78–82 legs, texturing, 502–503 legs, unwrapping, 160–169 map, packing manually, 180 mesh, editing, 152–154 neck, texturing, 500–501 researching information about, 477–479 results of, updating and viewing in 3D Studio Max, 180–181 skin, adding, 513–515 tusks, adding, 157 tusks, texturing, 497–500 weighting, 569–574 Character Studio biped objects adding, adjusting and aligning, 558–560 attaching to character model, 566–569 matching to character model, 561–566 overview, 556 overview, 555 checkerboard map, 440–443 Chisel Hard option, 455 Chrome command (Filter menu, Sketch), 339 ClassicGaming Web site, 3, 666 claws (slogre character example), 477 clipping, 643 Clone Stamp tool, 205, 221, 228, 232 clothing textures camouflage, 413–416 wrinkles in, 417–419 Clouds command (Filter menu, Render), 198, 209, 219, 230, 248, 250, 256, 265 CLUT (color look-up table), 623 CMYK color mode, 626–627 Codec (coding/decoding), 643 cold lava textures, 248–249 675 Index Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. color brick textures, 197 indexed color, 646 color depth defined, 618 RGB, 621–623 Color Dodge blending mode, 302 color look-up table (CLUT), 623 color modes CMYK, 626–627 grayscale, 627 LAB, 628 color modification, keyboard shortcuts, 637 Color Picker (PhotoShop), 197, 199 Color Table command (Image menu, Mode), 218 Command Panel Automatic section, 138 Cylinder button, 135 Interactive section, 140 Last Optimize Status option, 152 Modifier tab, 152 Pack All button, 144 Packing and Type section, 122 Relax option, 130 Selection button, 135 Tools section, 127 Unfold option, 124 Commander Keen, 6 commands Add Noise (Filter menu, Noise), 236, 254 Canvas (Image menu), 222–223, 259 Chrome (Filter menu, Sketch), 339 Clouds (Filter menu, Render), 219, 230, 248, 250, 256, 265 Contract (Select menu, Modify), 246, 345 Copy (Edit menu), 467 Crosshatch (Filter menu, Brush Strokes), 456 Curves (Edit menu, Adjust), 280 Define Pattern (Edit menu), 206 Desaturate (Edit menu, Adjust), 284 Difference Clouds (Filter menu, Render), 230, 234, 236, 243, 250 Dust & Scratches (Filter menu, Noise), 214 Emboss (Filter menu, Stylize), 444 Expand (Select menu, Modify), 258, 406 Fill (Edit menu), 206 Find Edges (Filter menu, Stylize), 248, 422 Flatten Image (Layer menu), 290 Flip Horizontal (Edit menu, Transform), 130, 240 Flip Vertically (Edit menu, Transform), 140, 164, 240 Front (View menu), 169 Gaussian blur (Filter menu, Blur), 220, 237, 246, 258 Grain (Filter menu, Texture), 210 Graphic Pen (Filter menu, Sketch), 325, 356 Grid (View menu, Show), 241 Guides and Grid (Edit menu, Preferences), 260 Image Size (Image menu), 218, 238 Import (File menu), 111 Inverse (Select menu), 258, 467 Invert (Edit menu, Adjust), 213, 250 Levels (Edit menu, Adjust), 213, 251 Lighting Effects (Filter menu, Render), 213, 231, 235, 241, 244, 262 Median (Filter menu, Noise), 256, 355 Merged Linked (Layer menu), 285 New Image (File menu), 197 Ocean Ripple (Filter menu, Distort), 426 Offset (Filter menu, Other), 220, 239 Paint Daubs (Filter menu, Artistic), 266, 350 Pointillize (Filter menu, Pixelate), 233 Preferences (File menu), 78 Radial Blur (Filter menu, Blur), 349 Right Hemisphere (Utilities Panel), 145–147 Rotate (Edit menu, Transform), 260, 294 Scale (Edit menu, Transform), 300 676 Index Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Send UV Update (File menu, Export), 164, 180 Show Rulers (View menu), 199 Skew (Edit menu, Transform), 333 Spatter (Filter menu, Brush Strokes), 211, 275 Stained Glass (Filter menu, Texture), 422 Stereolitho file type (File menu, Import), 151 Stroke (Edit menu), 257, 269, 315, 376 Texturizer (Filter menu, Texture), 415 Variations (Edit menu, Adjust), 390 Wave (Filter menu, Distort), 426 Wind (Filter menu, Stylize), 294 compositing textures, 189–190 compound assets character model, 15 mesh creation, 26–27 concept artist, 596 Configuration Library icon, 69 console games versus personal computers, 5–6 content (asset) creation process, 15–17 Contract command (Select menu, Modify), 246, 345 Control panel, 248 Convert NURBS Patch to Polyhedron tool, 71 Copy command (Edit menu), 467 Corel Web site, 663 Counter-Strike, 9 CPU (central processing unit), 5 Craquelure command (Filter menu, Texture), 199, 201 Create New Channel icon, 212 creative/project director, 598 Crop tool, 204 Crosshatch command (Filter menu, Brush Strokes), 456 Crystal Caves, 6 cube primitives, 45 cuffs (slogre character example) researching information about, 477 texturing, 505–506 culling, 643 curves Add Curve tool, 79 function, 645 isocurves, 72 Curves command (Edit menu, Adjust), 280 Cut button (Mapping panel), 106 cylinder eight-sided, 44 six-sided, 52 ten-sided, 48 Cylinder button Command Panel, 135 Mapping panel, 106 cylindrical unwrapping technique, 101 D decal textures blast marks, 347–349 blood splats, 350–352 bullet holes on cement, 344–347 on metal, inward, 335–338 on metal, outward, 338–343 overview, 334 decimation, 644 Deep Paint 3D, 109 DeepUV Automatic Mapping feature, 102–103 Command Panel Automatic section, 138 Cylinder button, 135 Interactive section, 140 Pack All button, 144 Packing and Type section, 122 Relax option, 130 Selection button, 135 Tools section, 127 Unfold option, 124 default interface, 101 677 Index Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. DeepUV (continued) exporting to, 159 Free Transform tool, 106 installing, 99 Lasso tool, 120 Mapping panel Cut button, 106 Cylinder button, 106 Selection button, 107 Sphere button, 109 Material screen, 102 Move tool, 106 overview, 100 Perspective view, 102 Rectangular Selection tool, 104 Rotate tool, 117 View menu, 104 widget, 102 Zoom tools, 117 Define Pattern command (Edit menu), 202, 204, 206 Delete Face tool, 92 Delete Row of Points tool, 81 Desaturate command (Edit menu, Adjust), 284 design (gaming) history of, 3–4 sketch art, 14–15 U-V mapping, 99 designers, 598 developers, finding employment as, 594–604 development teams, working on, 598 Diablo, 9 dialog boxes Hide Objects, 556 Import STL File, 111, 151 Layer Styles, 223 Levels, 228 Mirror Options, 155 Object Properties, 113 diamond-plated metal textures, 298–301 Difference Clouds command (Filter menu, Render), 230, 234, 236, 243, 250 DigitalFlux Web site, 659 DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module), 644 dinosaur skin textures, 397–399 DirectX, SDK (Software Development Kit), 8 Discreet Web site, 663 Distort commands (Filter menu) Ocean Ripple, 426 Wave, 426 Dodge tool, 205, 304 DOOM II, 7 dot pitch, 644 Draw Objects tool, 31 Drawing Exchange Format (DXF), 644 drilling, 44 dry lake bed textures, 422–424 Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM), 644 dummies, adding and manipulating, 575–577 Dungeons and Dragons, 18 Dust & Scratches command (Filter menu, Noise), 214 DXF (Drawing Exchange Format), 644 dynamic B-spline deformations, 69 dynamic rendering modes, 30–31 E earth textures, 419–421 edges Add Edges tool, 57 defined, 607 hiding, 62–63 Edit menu commands Copy, 467 Define Pattern, 202, 204, 206 Fill, 204, 206 Preferences, Guides and Grid, 260 Stroke, 257, 269, 315, 376 Transform, 106 Flip Horizontal, 130, 240 678 Index Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Flip Vertical, 140, 164, 240 Rotate, 260, 294 Scale, 300 Skew, 333 Edit Mesh modifier, 153 egg-shaped sphere, 37 electronics manufacturers, 3 Elliptical Marquee tool, 321 Elsa Inc. Web site, 664 Emboss command (Filter menu, Stylize), 444 Emboss effect, 201 employment, finding development teams, working on, 598 knowledge levels, 600 portfolio, 594–595 positions, types of, 596–598 programmers, working with, 600–602 resumes, 594 salaries, 596–598 envelopes, 561 environment map, 645 Erase Vertices tool, 39 errors in object substraction, 43 in object union, 43 Expand command (Select menu, Modify), 258, 406 export, compound asset creation, 16 Export command (File menu), 164, 180 exporting to DeepUV, 159 RF-9 plasma gun example, 63–64 extended graphics array (XGA), 6, 656 Extrude tool, 80 Eye Move tool, 31 Eye Rotate tool, 31, 73 Eyeball Design Web site, 659 eyes (slogre character example) researching information about, 477 texturing, 492–495 F face (slogre character example), 477 Faces tool, 40 faceting, 645 feathering effects, 336–337 feet (slogre character example), 504 field of view (FOV), 645 file formats 3D Studio Max, 101 BMP, 629 JPEG, 629 Lightwave, 101 PCX, 630 PNG, 630 PSD, 629 TGA, 630 TIFF, 630 Wavefront, 101 File menu commands Export, Send UV Update, 164, 180 Import, 111, 151 keyboard shortcuts for, 633 New Image, 197 Preferences, 78 Fill command (Edit menu), 204, 206 fillet, 645 Filter menu commands Artistic Paint Daubs, 266, 350 Sponge, 220 Blur Gaussian blur, 220, 237, 246, 258, 273 Radial Blur, 349 Brush Strokes Crosshatch, 456 Spatter, 211, 275 Distort Ocean Ripple, 426 Wave, 426 679 Index Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Filter menu commands (continued) Noise Add Noise, 198, 201, 209, 236, 254 Dust & Scratches, 214 Median, 256, 355 Other, Offset, 220, 228, 239 Pixelate, Pointillize, 233 Render Clouds, 198, 209, 219, 230, 248, 250, 256, 265 Difference Clouds, 230, 234, 236, 243, 250 Lighting Effects, 213, 231, 235, 241, 244, 262 Sketch Chrome, 339 Graphic Pen, 325, 356 Stylize Emboss, 444 Find Edges, 248, 422 Wind, 294 Texture Craquelure, 199, 201 Grain, 210 Stained Glass, 400, 422 Texturizer, 415 Final Fantasy, 4 Find Edges command (Filter menu, Stylize), 248, 422 first-person shooters, 8 Flatten Image command (Layer menu), 201, 290 Flip Horizontal command (Edit menu, Transform), 130, 240 Flip Vertical command (Edit menu, Transform), 140, 164, 240 FOV (field of view), 645 FPS (frames per second), 645 frag, 645 frames per second (FPS), 645 Free Transform tool, 106 Front command (View menu), 169 function curve, 645 fuzziness, 251 G G-LoK.tsc file, 28 Gamasutra Web site, 666 game artists. See developers game consoles versus personal computers, 5–6 Game Developer Magazine, 667 Game Development Search Engine, 667 GameDev.Net Web site, 666 games Age of Empires, 9 Black Stone, 7 Commander Keen, 6–7 Counter-Strike, 9 Crystal Caves, 6 design history of, 3–4 sketch art, 14–15 U-V mapping, 99 Diablo, 9 DOOM II, 7 Dungeons and Dragons, 18 Final Fantasy, 4 future of, 10 Half-Life, 9 open-ended, 9 Opposing Force, 9 Phantasy Star, 4 Quake, 7, 9 Quake II, 7 Sonic Hedgehog, 4 Super Mario Brothers, 4 textures animated, 191 compositing, 189–190 hand-drawn, 187–188 photo-based, 188–189 seamless, 190–191 680 Index Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. types of, 186 Tomb Raider, 9 Tron, 3 Wolfenstein 3D, 7 Worms Armageddon, 8 gamma, 646 gamut, 646 GarageGames Web site, 596, 667 Gaussian blur command (Filter menu, Blur), 220, 237, 246, 258, 273 Gearbox Software, 10 glass textures, 332–334 gourad, 646 GPU (graphics processing unit), 625 GR Site’s Web site, 659 Gradient tool, 284 Grain command (Filter menu, Texture), 210 granite textures, 233–235 granularity, 620 Graphic Pen command (Filter menu, Sketch), 325, 356 graphics EGA (extended graphics array), 6 revolution and progress of, 7–8 teams, 8 VGA (video graphics array), 6 graphics processing unit (GPU), 625 grayscale color mode, 627 Grid command (View menu, Show), 241 Grid Snap tool, 36, 44 grip (RF-9 plasma gun) building, 48–52 researching information about, 433 texturing, 453–458 Guides and Grid command (Edit menu, Preferences), 260 H Half-Life, 9–10 hand-draw textures, 187–188 hands (slogre character example), texturing, 505 Hard Light blending mode, 389 head (slogre character model) texturing, 488–492 unwrapping, 175–179 Hewlett-Packard Web site, 665 Hide Objects dialog box, 556 high polygon meshes, 31–33 hoops (RF-9 plasma gun) researching information about, 433 texturing, 443–449 hose (RF-9 plasma gun) researching information about, 433 texturing, 450–453 hot lava textures, 243–247 hue, 646 Hue/Saturation command (Edit menu, Adjust), 208 I icons Configuration Library, 69 Create New Channel, 212 NURBS Sphere, 70 Open Schematic View, 522 Image menu commands Adjust Curves, 280 Desaturate, 284 Hue/Saturation, 208 Invert, 213, 250 Levels, 207, 213, 232, 243, 245, 251 Variations, 390 Canvas Size, 222–223, 259 Image Size, 202, 218, 238 Mode, Color Table, 218 Rotate Canvas, Arbitrary, 203 Image Size command (Image menu), 202, 218, 238 681 Index Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. images flattening, 201 palletizing, 217–218 resizing, 217–218 Import command (File menu), 111, 151 Import STL File dialog box, 111, 151 Import UV’s button, 145–147 indexed color, 646 infinite light, 646 inorganic textures, 187–188 installing DeepUV, 99 trueSpace, 28 Intellvision, 2 Interactive: Cylinder mapping, 133 Interactive: Planar wrapping, 128 Interactive: Sphere mapping, 176 Interactive section (Command Panel), 140 interlacing, 646 Inverse command (Select menu), 258, 467 inverse kinematics, 647 Invert command (Edit menu, Adjust), 213, 250 isocurves, 72 J jagged textures, 328–329 Jasc Web site, 663 jobs. See employment, finding Join button, 172 JPEG file format, 629 K kerning, 647 keyboard shortcuts blending modes, 638 channel modification, 637 color modification, 637 File menu, 633 layer modification, 637 most frequently used, 632 my editing, 635 palette display, 636 selection modification, 636 toolbox, 634–635 views, 633 keyframes, 647 L lab artist, 597 LAB color mode, 628 lakes, dry lake bed texture, 422–424 Lasso tool, 120, 176, 292, 303 Last Optimize Status option (Command Panel), 152 lathing, 647 lava textures cold lava, 248–249 hot lava, 243–247 Layer menu commands Flatten Image, 201, 290 Merge Linked, 285 layer modification, keyboard shortcuts, 637 Layer Styles dialog box, 223 Layers palette, 232 Lead animator, 597 lead designers, 598 lead level designers, 598 lead modeler, 597 leading, 647 legs (slogre character model) building, 78–82 researching information about, 477 texturing, 502–503 unwrapping, 160–169 level designers, 598 level of detail (LOD), 35, 114, 529–532 Levels command (Edit menu, Adjust), 207, 213, 232, 243, 245, 251 682 Index Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. Levels dialog box, 228 Light Wave Object (LWO), 648 Lighting Effects command (Filter menu, Render), 213, 231, 235, 241, 244, 262 Lightwave file format, 101 lizard skin textures, 397–399 LOD (level of detail), 35, 114, 529–532 LWO (Light Wave Object), 648 M Magic Ring, 38 Magic Wand tool, 326, 400 mane (slogre character example), 477 Manipulation Res variable, 71 manual U-V mapping, 104–109 manufacturers, electronics, 3 mapping. See also U-V mapping checkerboard map, 440–443 MIP map, 649 Mapping panel (DeepUV) Cut button, 106 Cylinder button, 106 Selection button, 107 Sphere button, 109 marble textures, 249–255 marching ants, 648 Material screen (DeepUV), 102 Maxforums Web site, 660 Median command (Filter menu, Noise), 256, 355 medieval brick texture, 265–277, 367 medieval castle textures, house gate bindings, 370–373 drop handle, 374–378 overview, 365–366 vertical boards, 367–369 memory ROM (read-only memory), 3 video memory, 625–626 Merge Linked command (Layer menu), 285 mesh creation compound asset creation, 16 Edit Mesh modifier, 153 high polygon, 31–33 low-resolution, 16 mirroring and attaching, 155–157 RF-9 plasma gun example, 26–27 metal textures, 287–291 basic, 278–279 diamond-plated, 298–301 from images, 281–286 panels, 306–311 peeling paint on, 302–305 pipes, 311–317 rivets and screws, 320–324 rusted basic, 287–291 dripping rust, 292–295 rusted catwalk, 296–297 shiny, 279–281 wires, 318–319 Midtones and Highlights markers, 232 mineral rock textures, 229–233 MIP map, 649 Mirror Options dialog box, 155 Mode command (Image menu), 218 modeling programs, misconceptions about, 16 Modifier tab (Command Panel), 152 Modify commands (Select menu) Border, 252 Contract, 246, 345 Expand, 258, 406 Modpages Web site, 661 monochrome, 649 Monster.com Web site, 594 mortar, brick textures, 199–202 motion blur, 649 Move tool, 36, 106 MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group), 649 683 Index Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. [...]... 204 Dodge tool, 205, 304 Edit menu commands Define Pattern, 202, 204, 206 Fill, 204, 206 Preferences, Guides and Grid, 260 Stroke, 257, 269, 315, 376 Transform, Flip Horizontal, 240 Transform, Flip Vertical, 240 Transform, Rotate, 260, 294 Transform, Scale, 300 Transform, Skew, 333 Elliptical Marquee tool, 321 File menu commands, New Image, 197 Filter menu commands Artistic, Paint Daubs, 266, 350 Artistic,... Video Random Access Memory (VRAM), 625 View menu commands Front, 169 Show, Grid, 241 Show Rulers, 199 views, keyboard shortcuts for, 633 Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML), 656 volumetrics, 656 voxel, 656 VRAM (Video Random Access Memory), 625 VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language), 656 W Wacom Web site, 665 water textures, 425–427 Wave command (Filter menu, Distort), 426 Wavefront file format,... rear hoop, unwrapping, 127–132 reference planes, setting up, 35–36 researching information about, 432 sketch art ideas and concepts, 24 target polygon count, 34–35 trigger, texturing, 453–458 unfolded pieces, arranging, 143–145 sketch art ideas and concepts for, 20–23 Web sites 3D Cafe, 658 3D Fuel, 659 3D Links, 659 3D Map Realm, 661 Adobe, 662 Apogee, 6 ATI Technologies, 664 Avalon, 658 Black Knight... (role-playing game) , 8 rusted metal textures basic, 287–291 dripping rust, 292–295 rusted catwalk, 296–297 S salaries, 596–598 sandstone textures, 236–242 Scale By command (Edit menu, Transform), 106 Scale command (Edit menu, Transform), 300 Scale tool, 38 SDK (Software Development Kit), 8 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 688 Index SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random... cuffs, 505–506 eyes, 492–495 feet, 504 hands, 505 head, 488–492 legs, 502–503 neck, 500–501 researching information about, 477–479 tusks, 497–500 techniques for, 434 Texturizer command (Filter menu, Texture), 415 TGA file format, 630 TIFF file format, 630 tiling textures See also brick textures cement, creating from images, 226–229 design considerations, 206 random, 225–226 Tip tool, 51 toggle displays,... Packing and Type section (Command Panel), 122 Paint Daubs command (Filter menu, Artistic), 266, 350 palette display, keyboard shortcuts, 636 palletizing images, 217–218 Pan tool, 153 particle system, 650 patch, 72, 650 Patch Edit: Points tool, 73 PCX file format, 630 PDF (Portable Document Format), 650 peeling paint on metal textures, 302–305 per-pixel shading, 650 personal computers versus game consoles,... Hemisphere command (Utilities Panel), 145–147 Right Hemisphere Web site, 664 RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing), 10 rock and stone textures asphalt, 256–264 granite, 233–235 hot lava, 243–247 marble, 249–255 mineral rock, 229–233 sandstone, 236–242 stone wall set, 264–277 role-playing game (RPG), 8 ROM (read-only memory), 3 Rotate canvas command (Image menu), 203 Rotate command (Edit menu, Transform),... alignment, suggestions for, 168 defined, 133 Sega, 4 Sega Saturn, 7 segments, 653 Select menu commands Inverse, 258, 467 Modify Border, 252 Contract, 246, 345 Expand, 258, 406 Select Using Rectangle tool, 38 Selection button Command Panel, 135 Mapping panel, 107 selection modification, keyboard shortcuts, 636 Send UV Update command (Edit menu, Export), 164, 180 shaders, 653 Shadows and Highlights markers,... exporting, 63–64 front hoop and hose, unwrapping, 138–140 grip, building, 48–52 grip, texturing, 453–458 grip and trigger, unwrapping, 117–124 hoops, texturing, 443–449 hoops and hose, building, 53–58 hose, texturing, 450–453 map, retrieving manually, 145–147 modeling process and planning, 33 muzzle, building, 37–42, 433 muzzle, texturing, 469–471 muzzle, unwrapping, 140–143 optimize and triangulate, 58–63... 419–421 water, 425–427 PNG file format, 630 point editing, 31 point of view (POV), 651 Pointillize command (Filter menu, Pixelate), 233 Polygonal Lasso tool, 298, 315 polygons basic form of, 609 checks, running, 113–114 high polygon meshes, 31–33 polygon count, 34–35 polyhedron, 651 Portable Document Format (PDF), 650 portfolios, 594–595 POV (point of view), 651 Preferences command (File menu), 78, 260 Premier . pieces, arranging, 143–145 sketch art ideas and concepts for, 20–23 Web sites 3D Cafe, 658 3D Fuel, 659 3D Links, 659 3D Map Realm, 661 Adobe, 662 Apogee, 6 ATI. 48–52 researching information about, 433 texturing, 453–458 Guides and Grid command (Edit menu, Preferences), 260 H Half-Life, 9–10 hand-draw textures, 187–188 hands