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[...]... offshore pipeline was conducted by a bi-directional ultrasonic inspection pig currently in use in Japan 325 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterm Pipeline Pigging Technology Fig.l Offshore pipeline overview Fig.2 Diagram of the bi-directional ultrasonic pig 326 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterm Bi-directional ultrasonic pigging PIPELINE, ... the bi-directional ultrasonic inspection pig has 327 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterm Pipeline Pigging Technology Fig.3 Outline of the data-analysis system Fig.4 Longitudinal cross-section 328 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterm Bi-directional ultrasonic pigging been confirmed, as shown in photos 1 and 2 Figs 4-6 show the... Fig.6 3-dimensional reproduction 330 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterm Bi-directional ultrasonic pigging Photo 1 Overview of the test loop with patched samples Photo 2 Internal natural corrosion sample patched onto the test loop 331 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterm Pipeline Pigging Technology Photo 3 Internal natural corrosion... Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterm Pipeline Pigging Technology 14 J.F.Kiefner, 1971 Investigation of the behaviour of corroded linepipe Phases I-IH, Battelle Report 216, Sept 1970 to July 1971 15 Anon., 1982 Pipeline safety code Part 6 (IP6) of Institute of Petroleum's Model Code of Practice in the Petroleum Industry, 4th edn 324 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove... validating the accuracy of the data acquired from the pipeline under observation Data analysis was conducted and observed on site After detailed data analysis, a final report was delivered to the client approximately one month after completion of the pig inspection 329 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterm Pipeline Pigging Technology Fig.5 Circumferential cross-section... bi-directional ultrasonic pig 332 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterm Bi-directional ultrasonic pigging Photo 5 The bi-directional ultrasonic pig after passing through the pipeline CONCLUSION The bi-directionally-travelling ultrasonic inspection pig has successfully been used to undertake an inspection of an offshore pipeline to a PLEM, and has proven its technological... apply this technique to the inspection of offshore crude oil loading pipelines, where to date inspection has been considered impossible by means of conventional inspection pigs 333 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterm This page intentionally left blank Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterm Corroston surveys with the 'UltraScan'... defect by combining the wall thickness and stand-off information This differentiation is very important to the pipeline operator, since corrosion prevention measures are quite different for the two types of defects 337 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this waterma Pipeline Pigging Technology EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION The complete pig, seen in Fig 2, consists of three modules with... be severely affected in the event of a leak from an offshore crude-oil loading pipeline To prevent such leakage due to corrosion, an inspection of the development of pipeline corrosion by means of an inspection pig is effective Most offshore loading pipelines are installed between the shore with storage tanks, and the PLEM (pipeline- end manifold) on the sea bottom, permitting connection to a tanker via... during pipeline refurbishment Proc European Pipeline Rehabilitation Seminar, London, May, Paper 8 4 Anon., 1983 Procedures for inspection and repair of damaged steel pipelines designed to operate at pressures-above 7 bar BGC/PS/P11, Dec 5 Anon., 1979 Liquid petroleum transportation piping system ANSI/ASME B 31.4, Chapter VII, pp 52-59 6 R.Gribben, 1989 New rules to improve safety of oil and gas pipelines . 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