191 26. With the ability produce and control fire, early humans could make heat and light and could cook foods that were difficult to eat raw. 27. Only the female and the worker wasps are equipped with a sting, which they use it to attack their prey or to protect themselves against enemies. 28. Compared with another breeds, quarter horses can start more quickly, turn more sharply, and run faster over short courses. 29. Stars emit radio waves, which they may be detected and studied using radio telescopes. 30. A glider is a type of aircraft resembling an airplane but often having not means of propulsion at all. 31. A patrilineal extended family consists of core group of males, their wives, and their unmarried daughters. 32. Herons inhabit marshy areas of the shores along fresh or salt water which they find fishes, frogs, crustaceans, and other aquatic animals to eat. 33. A computer program that communicates with the user solely by choices providing from interlinked menus is said to be menu-driven. 34. In the 1930‘s few major orchestras in the United States hired woman, so many chose to perform in amateur musical groups as an alternative. 35. Complex spacecraft are characterized by a various of supporting systems including communications, guidance and navigation, altitude control, and, in some cases, life-support systems. 36. When a piano board is substituted for buttons on right side of an accordion, the instrument is known as a piano accordion. 37. Today‘s lunar and solar eclipses can be predicted to within seconds of its occurrences, and interest in them is scientific as well as aesthetic. 192 38. The windowless inner rooms of the Pueblo Bontio in New Mexico served for the storage of supplies, while the brighter outer rooms were using for living quarters. 39. Ultrasonic is concerned with sound vibrates or waves of a frequency above 20,000 cycles per second, the upper range audible to the human ear. 40. Freesia plants reach a height of two and one-half feet and thrive best at temperature of 50 degrees to 60 degrees Fahrenheit. 193 1999 年 08 月语法题 1. In 1864 Nevada enter the United States as _______ thirty-sixth state. (A) in the (B) to be the (C) was the (D) the 2. Bob Stephenson, a biologist in Alaska who studies the Canadian lynx, a type of wildcat, has learned ______ from studying their tracks in the snow. (A) how lynx hunt (B) lynx hunt how (C) how hunt lynx (D) lynx how hunt 3. ______ lay eggs, but some give birth to live young. (A) Although most insects (B) Most insects (C) Despite most insects (D) Most insects that 4. Author Sraah Jewett established her literary reputation with Deephaven, a collection of sketches ______. (A) with rural Maine life (B) that life in rural Maine (C) about life in rural Maine (D) life in rural Maine 5. By means of various types of wind tunnels, ______ simulate most of the flight conditions to which an airplane is subjected. (A) which aeronautical engineers can (B) aeronautical engineers can (C) the ability of aeronautical engineers to (D) aeronautical engineers, being able to 6. ______ planes in flight between airports, air traffic controllers rely on radar. (A) Tracked (B) Track of (C) To track (D) Of tracking 194 7. The operating principles of the telephone are ______ they were in the nineteenth century. (A) the same as today (B) the same today (C) the same today as (D) today what the same. 8. Steel magnate Andrew Carnegie used part of his wealth _______ more than 2,500 public libraries in English-speaking countries between 1881 and 1919. (A) helped in building (B) helped him to building (C) to help build (D) his help in building 9. Not until 1949 _______ Canada‘s tenth province. (A) became Newfoundland (B) did Newfoundland become (C) Newfoundland did become (D) Newfoundland became 10. Paul Samuelson revolutionized _____ by presenting his students with the most advanced economic thinking at an introductory level. (A) to teach economics (B) the teaching of economics (C) teaching that economics is (D) economics is taught 11. The term bell-letters is used to denote literary forms that contain _____, such as drama, poetry, essays, and novels. (A) artistic, creative writing (B) writing that artistic, creative (C) artistic, creative, and writing (D) them is artistic, creative writing 12. Open-pit mining follows the same sequence of operations ______ mining: drilling, blasting, and loading and removing waste and ore. (A) where underground (B) that underground (C) underground (D) as underground 13. ______ in cases where special oxidants are used, fires are the result of a fuel rapidly combining with the oxygen in the air. (A) There are (B) Even though (C) How 195 (D) Except 14. Maya Angelou‘s widely acclaimed autobiography, I know why the Caged Bird sings, is a moving and ______ of her childhood in segregated Arkansas. (A) an account that is often humorous (B) often humorous as an account (C) often humorous, the account (D) often humorous account 15. ______ to study element 104 because only a few atoms of his substance can be isolated at one time. (A) The difficulty (B) Why it is difficult (C) It is difficult (D) Even though difficult 16. Common salt occurs naturally in pure, solidly form as the mineral halite and in widely distributed deposits of rock, or mineral, salts. 17. The term ―metabolism‖ refers to the chemical changes which by living things transform food into energy. 18. Materials that of clay are among the most ancient manufactured articles and have played a vital role in human civilization. 19. Yogurt contains a higher percentage of lactic acid than another fermented milks, and it is rich in B- complex vitamins. 20. Canada is made up of ten provinces and two territories, with governmental powers being divided between the federal government or the provinces. 21. Before the formation of labor unions, individual workers had almost not voice in determining their wages, hours, or working conditions. D 23. Each stanza of a poem has a repeatable pattern of meter and rhyme and is normally division from the following stanza by a blank line. 196 24. Depending on many factors, including climate, mineral content of the soil, and the permanency of surface water, wetlands may be mossy, grassy, or covering with shrubs or trees. 25. In many areas of the world, people need clothing for protection the weather. 26. Hoocer Dam in Nevada is a multipurpose structure that provides flood control, hydroelectric powerful, and drinking and irrigation water. 27. Physiologically, the period of adolescence is marked by active growth, especially in the skeletal and muscular systems and in a certain vascular tissues. 28. Free nitrogen is chemically inert and combines with other elements only since very high temperatures or pressures. 29. Sawfish are shark-like fish have ―saws‖ of cartilage set with two rows of teeth on their snouts. 30. The decade of the 1920‘s was significant in Georgia‘s history because of the rapidity with what agriculture declined in the state. 31. Although usually living on or under rocks or on coral reefs, marine snails have been observed in a great various of habitats. 32. In the field of acting theory, controversy arises over the question of whether is acting a behavioral or a mental process. 33. Short-wave radios that can receive and transmit signals are used by pilots, the police, and amateur operator. 34. Because silk is the strongest of all natural fibers, ranking in strong with the synthetic fiber nylon, its delicate look and fell are deceptive. 35. The Red River, so named because of the red-colored sediment it carries, it is one of the main branches of the Mississippi. 197 36. Floyd Bennett was a pilot for two of the Arctic expedition of the 1920‘s and the first pilot to fly over the north pole. 37. To those who favorite free trade, the revival of barter can suggest nothing less than a disaster. 38. In the United States, about 75 percent of the total tomatoes crop is processed into juice, caned tomatoes, sauces, pastes, and ketchup. 39. Today‘s nuclear fission fuels are the remnants of which used to be a much more active mixture of radioactive and fissionable materials two billion years ago and earlier. 40. Petrography concerns primarily with the detailed description and classification of rocks, whereas petrology deals primarily with rock formation. 198 1999 年 10 月语法题 1. Fingerprints form an unchangeable signature, and ______ for identification, despite changes in the individual‘s appearance or age. (A) the use of fingerprint records (B) with the use of fingerprint records (C) when fingerprint records are used (D) fingerprint records can be used 2. Animals obtain their energy from _______ . (A) eat their food (B) their food to eat (C) the food they eat (D) they eat the food 3. Liquid water has fewer hydrogen bonds than ice; so more molecules can occupy the same space, making liquid water ______ than ice. (A) more dense (B) is more dense (C) more than dense (D) as more dense 4. It is difficult for present-day readers ______Sister Carrie was withdrawn from circulation at the turn of the century. (A) to understand the novel why (B) why to understand the novel (C) the novel to understand why (D) to understand why the novel 5. Historical linguists study ______ over time. (A) languages evolve (B) whether languages evolution (C) how languages evolve (D) evolution that languages 6. Tennis star Chris Evert, who retired from the game after eighteen years, perhaps _____ more than anyone to make women‘s professional tennis a widely respected career. (A) who did (B) has done (C) and doing (D) to do 7. The daytime _____ bright because the Earth‘s atmosphere scatters sunlight. (A) while sky is (B) has a sky (C) sky is (D) for the sky 8. Edward Hopper‘s paintings portray the loneliness and isolation of the individuals _____. 199 (A) is in an urbanized society (B) in society is urbanized (C) who in an urbanized society (D) in an urbanized society 9. Braille, _____ printing reading materials for use by people who are blind, consists of a system of raised points or dots that are read by touch. (A) is a method of (B) a method of (C) which a method of (D) a method is of 10. The art of landscape architecture is almost as old ______ of architecture itself. (A) as that (B) than (C) as (D) than that 11. The development of synthetic fibers after 1940 led to the production of new types of fabrics _____ more durable and easier to care for. (A) that they were (B) that were (C) were (D) and were 12. Until the eighteenth century, charcoal was _____ used in blast furnaces, as well as in glassmaking, blacksmithing, and metalworking. (A) what the chief fuel (B) the chief fuel that (C) the chief fuel was (D) the chief fuel 13. Pure iron cannot be hardened by heating and cooling, as _____, because iron lacks the necessary carbon. (A) steel it can (B) can steel (C) with steel can (D) so can steel 14. Rapids and waterfalls, ______ along virtually all Massachusetts waterways, provided power in colonial times for grist and saw mills and later for textile mills. (A) common (B) were common (C) which, being common (D) being common, were 15. Airsickness is produced by a disturbance of the inner car, ______ psychogenic factors, such as fear, also play a part. (A) in spite of (B) neither (C) nor (D) although 200 16. A large collections of materials focused on Louisiana‘s history and culture is provided by the Williams Reseach Center in New Orleans. 17. Mary Austin‘s first book, The Land of little Rain, a description of desert life in the western United States, won she immediate fame in 1903. 18. The most abundant phosphate mineral, apatite, includes several type that vary in their content of fluorine, chlorine, or hydroxyl ions. 19.Having gained a reputation as a daring, intrepid journalist, Nellie Bly became the first female report assigned to the Eastern front during the First World War. 20. In 1862 Abraham Lincoln signed the Homestead Act, allows settlers 160 acres of free land after they had worked it for five years. 21. Alone with the other physical sciences, meteorology has developed in the past three centuries from myth and folklore to rigorous observation, computation, analyze. 22. In 1973 the United States armed forces were placed on an all-volunteer basis for a first time since 1984. 23. Because lions do not have exceptional speedy, they must rely on the element of surprise for the hunt. 24. The position of the earth‘s magnetic poles is not constant but shows an appreciable change after year to year. 25. Grassland vegetation reduces competition for water among species by concentrates roots at different levels. 26. Like the giant reptiles, most lineages of organisms have eventually become extinct; still some exist that have changed very little in millions of year. 27. Demonstrations public are an effective means by which advocacy groups can bring inequalities to the attention of local, state and federal officials. . psychogenic factors, such as fear, also play a part. (A) in spite of (B) neither (C) nor (D) although 200 16. A large collections of materials focused. same today as (D) today what the same. 8. Steel magnate Andrew Carnegie used part of his wealth _______ more than 2,500 public libraries in English-speaking