CONDITIONALS Type If - clause Main clause 0. Habit-Truth (talking about a general truth) Present V/Vs,es Present V/Vs,es 1. Open- condition( possib ility) Present V/Vs,es Future Will + V 2. Present unreal conditional Past : were V2/Ved Conditional 1: Would/could + V 3. Past unreal conditional Past Perfect: Had+ V3/Ved Conditional 2: Would /could + have + V3+ed 0 If you break the law, you are an offender. If you lose weight during the time of medical therapy, you regain after ward True for everyone experience 1 If the weather is beautiful, I’ll go to the beach. possible 2 If I had money I would lend you. If she were you, she wouldn’t behave like that I don’t have money. She isn’t you. 3 If I had known you came here yesterday, I would have picked you up. I didn’t know you came. Modals: Ability, Possibility and Speculation  1. Expressing Ability (Can-Could-Be able to)  can – could: an ability  Ex: Can you swim? / I can use his car when he’s on vacation.  Be able to: describe a special achievement or a specific situation  Ex: The fire spread so quickly but luckily people were able to escape.  At first he couldn’t jump over the table, after a second trial, he was able to jump over it.  2. Expressing Permission (May-can-could-Do you mind…?)  May I park in your driveway?  Can / could I use your computer a little bit?  Do you mind if I use your pen?  3. Expressing Request  Can you help me?  Could you please go this way? 4. Expressing possibility (May-might- could)  Present and future possibility  We use may, might, and could to Talk about present and future  Where’s Tom? “He could be in the living room.”  We aren’t sure what we are going to do tomorrow. We might go to the beach.  Possibility in the past  May/might/could + have + p.p  “ I can’t not find my wallet anywhere.”  “You may have left it at home.” 5. Expressing logical deduction (Must- can’t)  Must- can’t sth. we are sure  in the present  Ex1: You have just had a big breakfast. You can’t be hungry.  Ex2: You have worked really hard. You must be tired.  In the past  Yesterday you can’t have been at the swimming pool. It’s closed all day yesterday.  My watch said 10. It must have been stopped. Must vs have to: Necessity or obligation  Must: oneself thinks it’s important that need to be done:  You must see a doctor.  You mustn’t enter this room.  Mustn’t: obligation not to do anything  Have to: obligation or rule  You have to see a doctor.  You don’t have to enter this room if you don’t have class today.  Don’t have to= don’t need . CONDITIONALS Type If - clause Main clause 0. Habit-Truth (talking about a general