® Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Implementation Guide Michael New New York  Chicago  San Francisco  Lisbon  London  Madrid  Mexico City  Milan  New Delhi  San Juan  Seoul  Singapore  Sydney  Toronto Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher ISBN: 978-0-07-159503-2 MHID: 0-07-159503-1 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-149275-1, MHID: 0-07-149275-5 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark Where such 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INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE McGraw-Hill and its licensors not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise I dedicate this book to my daughter, Leah, and to my late brother, Robbie About the Author Michael New is a senior information systems architect with 17 years of experience in the software industry After receiving his B.S from M.I.T in Aeronautics and Astronautics, he worked for six years as a software engineer, principally on the GPS satellite program at Rockwell For the past 11 years, Michael has worked as an Oracle core and Oracle Applications DBA He began as a full-time DBA, moved into consulting with an Oracle partner, then served as a Technical Manager for Oracle Consulting before launching his own firm, New DB Solutions Michael has implemented the full array of Oracle products for clients in many industries, including the Oracle E-Business Suite, RAC, Data Guard, RMAN, Application Server, and Grid Control (in which he is a recognized authority) Michael has authored several white papers on database administration, has been a presenter at Oracle OpenWorld, and has been a technical editor for a McGraw-Hill Professional book on Oracle 10g Michael lives in New York City with his five-year-old daughter, Leah You can reach him at Michael@ NewDBsolutions.com or through his web site, www.newdbsolutions.com About the Technical Editors Phil Choi worked at Oracle for several years documenting the Enterprise Manager suite of products Before Oracle, he worked in a variety of industries, including consulting, software, and e-commerce Phil has yet to put his Mechanical Engineering degree to good use, but the degree in Creative Writing has come in handy during his attempts to write short stories and essays for publication Phil (and his dog Ajax) lives and works in San Francisco Edward Whalen is the founder and Chief Technology Officer of Performance Tuning Corporation During his career, he completed many complex consulting projects and continues to write books and technical papers on various Oracle and Microsoft technologies Ed has published more than eight books on SQL Server and Oracle, most recently Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Administrator’s Companion and Oracle Database 10g Linux Administration Ed is recognized as a leader in database design and performance optimization and provides critical services to companies worldwide Contents Acknowledgments  xiii Introduction  xv part I Install Grid Control Overview of the Grid Control Architecture  What Is Grid Computing?  What Is Grid Control?  Grid Control Components  Grid Control Console  Oracle Management Agent  Oracle Management Service  Oracle Management Repository  Data Flow Between Grid Control Components  Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control  Grid Control vs Database Control  Grid Control vs AS Control  Agents for Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control  Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control: All Together Now  10 13 14 15 17 19 22 23 24 26 26 Grid Control Preinstallation  29 Key Architectural Design Decisions  Decide How Many Grid Control Environments to Build  How Many Regional Sites Are Required?  Make Required Installation Choices  Network Configuration Steps   Set Up Host Name Resolution  Fully Qualify Host Name References  Host Name Constraints  Use Static IP Addresses  Connectivity Checks  v 33 35 36 41 47 49 49 52 53 53 vi   Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Implementation Guide Hardware Requirements  Hardware Installation Requirements   Hardware Operating Requirements  Software Requirements  Verify Certification Information  Create Required OS Groups and Users  Create Required Directories  Stop Database Listeners Using Port 1521  Synchronize OS Timestamps/Time Zones  Confirm Platform-Specific Software Requirements   55 56 57 60 60 61 65 70 70 72 Grid Control Installation  75 Gather Needed Installation Information  Address Installation Bugs  Initialize the Oracle User Environment  Set Up X Server (UNIX Only)  Set/Unset OS Environment Variables  Running the Installer with Desired Options  Silent Installation Method  Static Ports Feature  Starting and Monitoring the Installation  Install Grid Control Using a New Database  Specify Installation Type  Specify Installation Location  Language Selection  Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials  Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks  Specify Configuration  Specify Optional Configuration  Specify Security Options  Oracle Configuration Manager Registration  Summary  Install  Configuration Assistants  End of Installation  Install Grid Control Using an Existing Database  Steps to Install the OMR Database  Run the Installer—GC Existing Database Option  Install Standalone Agents on Dedicated OMR Nodes  Log in to the Web Console  Install the Grid Control Security Certificate in Your Browser  Install an Additional OMS  77 77 83 83 85 87 87 88 89 91 91 91 93 93 94 95 95 97 99 100 101 101 103 103 105 111 114 114 115 116 Contents  Grid Control Post Installation  119 Patch Grid Control  Apply the Latest Grid Control Patch Set  Apply Latest Database Patch Set Certified for OMR  Apply the Latest EM Critical Patch Update  Apply Required Grid Control One-off Patches  Oracle Management Service Configuration  Reduce Grid Control Logging  Set Up Oracle User Environment on OMS Hosts  Modify the Default Console Timeout  Configure OMS for Failover and Load Balancing  Tune OMS Thread Pool Size  Add OMR Alias to OMS tnsnames.ora  Back Up Critical OMS Files  Oracle Management Repository Configuration  Set Up Oracle User Environment on OMR Nodes  Confirm That Listeners Load-Balance Across RAC Nodes  Configure i  SQL*Plus Access in Grid Control  Modify the Data Retention Policy  Modify Job Purge Policy  Secure the emkey  Set Up Grid Control Auditing  Configure and Tune the OMR Database  Install Oracle Configuration Manager  vii 120 121 123 124 125 129 130 135 138 138 139 140 140 141 141 141 142 148 150 150 151 152 152 Preinstall Standalone Management Agents  155 An Overview of Common Agent Preinstallation Steps  Agent Key Installation Decisions  Select Agent Installation Methods  Use an Existing User or Create a Separate Agent User  Install a Local or Cluster Agent  Configure a Server Load Balancer First  Use an LDAP or Local Agent User  Choose to Secure or Not Secure the Agent  Agent Hardware Requirements  Agent Disk Space Requirements  Agent CPU Requirements  Agent RAM Requirements  Summary of Agent Hardware Requirements  Agent Software Requirements  Initialize the oracle User Environment  Confirm No Existing Agent Is Installed  Change Response File if Using an SLB  Prepare for Cross-Platform Agent Installation  Prepare Targets for Discovery  Gather Needed Agent Installation Information  157 158 158 162 163 165 165 166 166 166 167 168 168 168 168 169 170 171 173 173 viii   Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Implementation Guide Install Management Agents via Agent Deploy  175 Agent Deploy Installation Overview  Install Required Packages  Configure SSH User Equivalence  Set Up SSH Server (SSHD) on Windows  Back Up Current SSH Configuration  Set ORACLE HOME on OMS Host  Run sshConnectivity.sh Script  Verify SSH User Equivalence Is Configured  Set Up Time Zone for SSH Server  Validate All Command Locations  Modify Agent Deploy Properties File for SLB  Choose Inventory Location  Verify Agent User Permissions  Prepare for Cross-Platform Agent Push  Include Additional Files (Optional)  Run Agent Deploy Application  Fresh Install  NFS Agent  Upgrade Agent  Agent Deploy Post-Installation  Non-NFS Agents  NFS Agents  Troubleshoot Agent Deploy  176 178 178 179 179 179 180 184 184 185 187 187 188 189 189 190 192 195 196 197 198 198 198 Install Management Agents Locally  201 nfsagentinstall Installation  Configure Shared Storage  Install Master Agent on Shared Storage  Install NFS Agents  agentDownload Installation  Prepare for agentDownload Installation  Copy agentDownload Script from OMS to Target Host  Execute agentDownload on Target Host  Agent Cloning Installation  Silent Agent Installation  Interactive Agent Installation  Install Required Packages  Run the Interactive Installer  Agent Post-Installation Steps  Set Up Agent User Environment  Confirm Agent Is Working  Refresh Host Configuration (If Needed)  Run agentca for Cluster Agent (Windows Only)  Confirm Agent Restart on Reboot Is Configured  Back Up the Agent  202 205 209 211 213 214 217 219 223 225 228 228 229 236 237 238 240 240 240 241 Contents  Install Grid Control Clients  243 Install and Configure the EM Java Console  Determine Whether You Need the EM Java Console  Installation Steps for the EM Java Console  Start the EM Java Console  Configure Change Manager  Install Adobe SVG Viewer  Install EM Command Line Interface  Install Oracle Configuration Manager Client  ix 244 245 246 249 250 262 263 264 EM Login and Component Control  267 Log in to EM  Web Console Login to Grid Control  EM Java Console Login  AS Console Login  iSQL*Plus Login  Metrics Browser Login  Control EM Components  Control iSQL*Plus Server  Control the Management Repository  Control the AS Console  Control the Management Service  Control the Management Agent  Windows EM Services  EM Startup/Shutdown Order  269 269 272 273 274 276 278 278 279 279 280 286 290 292 part II Configure and Maintain Grid Control 10 General Console Configuration  297 Introduction  Tour of the Setup and Preferences Menus  Follow an Event from Trigger to Notification  Reasoning Behind this Chapter’s Menu Navigation Order  Set Up Administrators  Create Roles  Create Administrators  Set Administrator Preferences  Set Preferred Credentials  Configure Notifications  Define Notification Methods  Set Notification Schedules  Create and Subscribe to Notification Rules  Enable Patching Features  Complete the Patching Setup  Schedule the RefreshFromMetalink Job  299 299 303 305 307 307 313 317 320 330 330 334 339 356 356 362 ... 677 679 680 xii   Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Implementation Guide 17 Maintain and Tune Grid Control? ?? 685 Perform Routine Grid Control Maintenance... Agents for Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control? ?? Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control: All Together Now  10 13 14 15 17 19 22 23 24 26 26 Grid Control. .. Grid Control, Database Control, and AS Control? ?? Grid Control vs Database Control? ?? Grid Control vs AS Control? ??