Derivatives or Word Formation Trang 1 WISH & HOPE Wish Hope Usages Diễn tả điều ước mong không có thật ở hiện tại. Diễn tả điều có khả năng xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. Forms S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + were (not) (to be) V 2 ed Could / would (not) Vo Didn’t + Vo ( I, you, we, they, people wish He, she, it, name wishes The, my, your, his, her, our, their-N wishes Everyone, someone, noone wishes) S 1 + hope (s) + S 2 + am, is,are (not) (to be) V 1 s(es) Can / will (not) Vo Don’t / doesn’t + Vo ( I, you, we, they, people hope He, she, it, name hope The, my, your, his, her, our, their-N hopes Everyone, someone, noone hopes) Tenses Dùng thì quá khứ đơn Dùng thì hiện tại đơn Examples I wish you were taller. She wishes they passed the exams. We wish Hoa could go home early. Tom wishes I weren’t here. They wish he didn’t meet you. I hope I can go swimming now. He hopes you are at home. Tom hopes they pass the exams. We hopes Mary doesn’t get sick tomorrow. You hope I am not shy. A. Transformation with “wish”: Structures Transformations Examples 1. S + am, is, are S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + weren’t * He is out.  I wish he weren’t out. 2. S + am, is, are not S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + were * I am not rich.  I wish I were rich. 3. S + V 1 s(es) S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + didn’t + Vo * She stays up late every night.  Her mom wishes she didn’t stay up late. 4. S + don’t / doesn’t + Vo S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + V 2 ed * They don’t have much money.  I wish they had much money. 5. S + can, will + Vo S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + couldn’t, wouldn’t + Vo * Tom can be sick now.  Everyone wishes Tom couldn’t be sick now. 6. S + can’t, won’t + Vo S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + could, would + Vo * Tom can’t swim.  Everyone wishes Tom could swim. B. Building sentences: Forms Changes Examples 1. S / not / (very, so, too) adj S + wish (es) + S + weren’t + . * He / not / very sensitive.  He wishes he weren’t very sensitive. 2. S 1 / S 2 / not / Vo . S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + didn’t + Vo * He / you / not / phone her.  He wishes you didn’t phone her. 3. S 1 / S 2 / Vo . Can, will + Vo S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + V 2 ed Could, would + Vo * He / they / live / urban .  He wishes they lived in the urban. 4. S 1 / S 2 / Be/ adj . S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + were * He / this woman / be / out.  He wishes this woman were out. THD Derivatives or Word Formation Trang 2 Exercise 1: Fill in each blank with a suitable verb: 1. I (wish) _________ you (be, not) ______________ sad. 2. I (hope) _________ this man (be) _____________ out. 3. He (wish) _________ his son (will, pass) ___________________ the race. 4. She (hope) ___________ she (can, take) ______________ a photo with you one day. 5. They (wish) __________ my sister (not, go) __________________ to the party tonight. 6. The teacher (wish) ________________ all students (keep) ________________ silent now. 7. Mai (hope) ___________ you (not, study) _________________ hard. 8. My father (hope) _____________ Hoa ( not, drive) _______________ quickly. 9. Helen (wish) _____________ she (be, not) ______________ busy at weekends. 10. People (hope) _______________ her grandmother (feel) _____________ better. Exercise 2: Rewrite the statements by using the given words: 1. I don’t have dinner at night. My mom wishes 2. She doesn’t get on this taxi. I wish 3. They are at the night club. People wish . 4. Helen isn’t at school. They wish 5. Sang drives carelessly. We wish 6. You eat too much candies. The doctor wishes . 7. The man looks dirty. The young boy wishes . 8. An can get lost. The policemen wish 9. We won’t take a nap soundly. He wishes 10. They start too early in the morning. Tom wishes . Exercise 3: Complete the below sentences: 1. The boy / his mom / be / absent. 2. Phong / can /swim well. 3. I / you / not / run quickly. . 4. The teacher / the rain / stop immediately. . 5. We / her friends / find / truth earlier. . 6. He / not / too fat. 7. I / Hoa / be / intelligent. . 8. The mother / the kids / sleep soundly. . 9. I / not / study English. . 10.Hoa / you / will / overcome the sickness. Exercise 4: Choose the best answer: 1. I hope I ________ this summer. a. had a trip b. had had a trip c. have a trip d. have had a trip 2. We wish you _________ happier than you used to be. a. is b. are c. was d. were 3. Jenny ______ everyone didn’t get some trouble with the weather. a. wishes b. wish c. hope d. hopes 4. They ______ this baby doesn’t cry loudly. a. wishes b. wish c. hope d. hopes 5. Mr. Lam hopes his son _________ a good citizen for society. a. would become b. will become c. became d. become 6. People wish all soldiers __________ in time. a. returns b. return c. returned d. have returned 7. Some villagers hope they __________ their lives in the modern society. a. could change b. changes c. changed d. can change 8. The lawyer wish that man _______________ guilty. a. wasn’t b. hadn’t been c. isn’t d. weren’t 9. Your doctor hopes you ____________ the sickness as soon as possible. a. overcome b.overcame c. overcomes d. had overcome THD Derivatives or Word Formation Trang 3 10.We hope you _________ up late this morning. a. don’t stay b. doesn’t stay c. didn’t stay d. hadn’t stayed THD . Examples 1. S + am, is, are S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + weren’t * He is out.  I wish he weren’t out. 2. S + am, is, are not S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + were * I. 4. S + don’t / doesn’t + Vo S 1 + wish (es) + S 2 + V 2 ed * They don’t have much money.  I wish they had much money. 5. S + can, will + Vo S 1 + wish