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Research objectives: Systematize some theoretical issues on FDI, the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam; assess the practical situation of FDI in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam last time, show the problems that need to solve; clarify some theoretical issues, practices of the foreign direct investment of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam; proposes main requirements and solutions to attract the foreign direct investment of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam in the future.
1 INTRODUCTION General overview of the thesis The thesis "The foreign direct investment of major economic areas in the North of Vietnam" is a scientific independent research which contains the author’s desire to study and discover during the years. This thesis has been completed under the help of the staff collective guidance and consultant economic scientists in and outside the military The theisis is based on abreast of the theoretical basis of Marxism - Leninism and Ho Chi Minh’s ideology, policies and guidelines of the Communist Party of Vietnam on international economic relations, foreign investment attraction, as well as is based on the FDI surveys results of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam It has also consulted and inherited the results of several scientific researches on in the country and abroad which are involved The main contents of the thesis is presented in three chapters Chapter presents the theory and experience of FDI In chapter author generalize the process of formation, development and potential and difficulties and challenges of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam for FDI; and survey the status of FDI in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam period 2003 - 2013, show the emerging problems that are solved in the future From the research results in chapter 1, chapter 2, the author has proposed some perspectives and primarily solutions to attract FDI in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam in the future (presented in chapter 3) The solution systems are awareness agreement, thinking innovation; building and improving the overall projects which have foreign investment; upgrading economic- social infrastructure, supporting industry development; human resource training; raising the effectiveness of state management of FDI Reasons for choosing thesis topic In the trend of international economic integration, and the impact of modern scientific and technological revolution, movement of resources through investment activities is unavoidable and play an important role in the development of the nations, especially the developing countries The practice shows that countries, territories attract the more international capital and use it effectively, the more they have chances of economic growth, thereby overcoming faster the economic backwardness situation compared with the advanced countries In Vietnam, implementation of renovation policies by Communist Party of Vietnam (1986), especially since the Foreign Investment Law in effect (1988), foreign investment in general and FDI in particular is increasingly becoming popularity and actually become an important goal in the process of industrialization and modernization of the country In the process of development, FDI has gradually affirmed its position and role in the socialist-oriented market economy which is reflected in the significant contribution of GDP growth, investment of the social development, increasing export turnover and total value of industrial production The position and role of this activity is also reflected in the spreading and development of FDI in most of the provinces, cities, industries and sectors, the major economic areas throughout the country, including the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam The major economic areas in the North of Vietnam are included Hanoi (centre), Hai Phong, Quang Ninh, Hai Duong, Hung Yen, Bac Ninh, Vinh Phuc This years, FDI in this areas gained remarkable achievements in quantity, structure and quality of the project Thereby, it also adds a significant amount of capital to invest in developing, exploiting and improving the efficiency of use of resources in the region, creating a new position and development force for the economy; promoting rapidly service activities development; accelerate the process of economic restructure towards modernization; make the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam are deeper integration into the economy of the region and the world However, FDI in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam in the years has some limitations and and are not corresponding with the position and potential of the region and the investment of the central Government The FDI inflows are instable, economic growth has been slow in recent years, small and medium scale mainly; capital structure was unreasonable; quality of FDI projects is not high because the technology of production in FDI firms is low compared with other countries in the region; especially there are the economic - social problems arise during the operation of the enterprise which formed from FDI These analysis shows that studying and assessing comprehensively both FDI theories and practice in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam and proposing perspectives and primary solutions to attract FDI inflows in these region is urgent issues So the author choose the topic "The foreign direct investment of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam" Research purpose and tasks * Research purpose: Clarify some theoretical issues, practices of the foreign direct investment of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam; proposes main requirements and solutions to attract the foreign direct investment of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam in the future * The tasks of the thesis: - Clarify some theoretical issues and make the experience surveys on FDI - Assess the practical situation of the foreign direct investment of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam period from 2003 to 2013 - Propose the opinions and basic solutions to attract the foreign direct investment of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam in the future Objects and scope of research * Objects of research: The theisis studies on the foreign direct investment of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam * Scope of research: - The contents: + The thesis focuses on researching issues related to the attraction of the foreign direct investment of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam + The thesis focuses on researching the joint-venture enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam + From the perspective of political economy, the thesis research, propose methodological and oriented solutions - Scope of region: The thesis research on FDI in an economic space delimited by provinces and cities directly under the Central Government as Bac Ninh, Ha Noi, Hai Duong, Hai Phong and Hung Yen, Quang Ninh and Vinh Phuc in relations with Vietnam's economic space - Scope of time: + The thesis focuses on the research, assessing the situation in FDI of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam from 2003 to the end of 2013 + The views, solutions to attract FDI is proposed in the thesis focuses primarily to 2020 Theoretical, practical basis and research methods: * Theoretical basis of the thesis: is a viewpoint system of Marxism - Leninism and Ho Chi Minh’s ideology; guidelines and policies of the Party, State, and army on foreign relations economy and other related theories to approach the object, comment the research tasks of the topic * Practical Data source: The authors used data from the report's agencies of the State and the Communist Party of Vietnam, such as the Central Executive Committee; Foreign Investment Department, Institute of Development Strategy - Ministry of Planning and Investment; Committee of coordinating the development of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam; GSO, Statistical Office of the provinces and cities directly under the Central Government in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam; the State management agencies in localities in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam; Results were published in conferences, workshops, surveys, scientific research projects by organizations and individuals at home and abroad performing in recent times; the information and data collected through field surveys of local individuals in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam * Research Methodology: The thesis uses a system of methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, such as: approach to value, system - structure, analysis and synthesis, logical and historical, abstraction, and generalization methods Combine with the methods of sociological investigation and consultancy with experts, etc New contributions of the thesis - Systematize some theoretical issues on FDI, the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam - Assess the practical situation of FDI in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam last time, show the problems that need to solve - Proposal perspectives and solutions to attract FDI in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam in the future Theoretical, practical significances of the thesis * Theoretical significance: The thesis contributes to clarify some basic theoretical issues on FDI and the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam * Practical significance: - Providing the scientific foundation and as the basis for managers and policy makers to make the right policy to attract FDI for economic- social development in the major economic areas in general, in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam in particular - The thesis can be used as references in political economy teaching in the academy, military school Structure of the thesis Include introduction, overview of research issues, three chapters (7 periods), conclusions, list of scientific works of the author related to the thesis, list of references and appendices OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES 1.The overseas typical scientific works researching related the topic The work of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD): Foreign direct investment in China, challenges and prospects for regional development [125], the World Investment Report United Nation 1996 [154] of the Committee on Trade and Development of the United Nations; Challenges and recommendations for Vietnam in attracting FDI in the future [16, tr.174188] of the representative of the European Chamber of Commerce in Vietnam EuroCham; The report of the Australian Business Association in Vietnam (AusCham Vietnam) about jointly investigate and evaluate the direct investment from overseas in Vietnam for 25 years [16, tr.189191]; the Japan External Trade Organization JETRO with the work: The investment environment in Vietnam [16, tr.192197],; The investment environment in Vietnam [16, tr.198204], by Mark GillinVice President of American Chamber of Commerce in Vietnam (AmCham), "The Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment and China's Provincial Export Trade" [156] of Zhang and Felmingham; “Foreign Direct Investment and Relative Wages: The Case of China” [157] của Zhao 2.The typical scientific works in Vietnam researching related the topic 2.1 The reference books and monographs researching related the topic A group of authors (Nguyen Bich Dat editor) with the work: Economic area of foreign investment in the socialistoriented market economy in Vietnam [45]; Foreign direct investment and economic development in Vietnam [136] by Nguyen Van Tuan; The form of foreign direct investment in Vietnam Policies and practices [87] that science works by authors Phung Xuan Nha edited, compiled on the basis of findings of special topics Range Vietnam National University forms of foreign direct investment in Vietnam; Foreign direct investment in Vietnam, the situation and the solution [138] by Tran Xuan Tung; Policies to encourage investment in Vietnam [17] is a book by Tran Thi Minh Chau authoreditor; Economy of foreign investment in Vietnam today [70] that the book was compiled by the group of scientists from the Institute of Political Economy, Public Administration Institute in Ho Chi Minh City National (now the national Political Institute in Ho Chi Minh City), by Tran Quang Lam and An Nhu Hai as coeditor; Foreign direct investment by the United States transnational companies in Vietnam [85] is a monographic book of the author Dang Hoang Thanh Nga; The book “Policy of sustainable development of the major economic areas in Vietnam” [83], by Nguyen Van Nam and Ngo Thang Loi 2.2. The thesis researching related the topic 2.2.1. Thesis on foreign direct investment The doctoral thesis by Tran Anh Phuong: A number of measures to attact direct investment in the G7 countries in Vietnam [92]; The thesis of national economic history field: Attraction of foreign investors in the process of international economic integration of China period 1978 2003: The current situation and experiences for Vietnam [63] of Dang Thu Huong; Economic doctoral theisis of Tran Quang Thang “ The social economic issues arise in foreign direct investment of some Asian countries and solutions for Vietnam” [110]; Economic doctoral theisis of Tran Thi Tuyet Lan, published in early 2014 “Foreign direct investments towards sustainable development in the major economic region of the North of Vietnam” [68] 2.2.2. The thesis of the major economy areas in the North of Vietnam Economic doctoral dissertation of Ta Dinh Thi “The economic restructuring in view of sustainable development in the major economy areas in the North of Vietnam” [111], the authors Bach Thi Lan Anh with her doctoral thesis of political economy “Sustainable Development of traditional village in the major economy areas in the North of Vietnam” [1]; Economic doctoral thesis of Vu Thanh Huong “Sustainable development of Industrial zone in the major economy areas in the North of Vietnam” [64], the author; Economic doctoral Thesis of To Hien Tha “The development of industrial zone the major economy areas in the North of Vietnam towards sustainability [104] 2.3. Dưới dạng các bài viết, tham luận khoa học, đề tài khoa học 2.3.1. Về đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngồi, kinh tế có vốn đầu tư nước ngồi 2.3. The articles, scientific presentations, researches related the topic 2.3.1. The articles, scientific presentations, researches related foreign direct investment, foreign investment economy The summary record of the Conference of 25 years foreign direct investment in Vietnam [16] is a set of 26 scientific presentations by scholars, politicians, scientists, managers of the ministries, branches, localities and some representatives of international organizations such as: EUROCHAM, AUSCHAM, JETRO, AMCHAM "Foreign Investment Policy in the process of international economic integration" [13] is a scientific paper of the Ministry of Planning and Investment which was presented at the International Conference of Vietnam is ready to join the WTO which was organized in Hanoi from May 3 to June 4, 2003 by The national center of Sciences and Humanities and the World Bank in Vietnam; the author Phan Huu Thang with the article "Summarizing 20 years of the Law on Foreign Investment in Vietnam" [108] was published in the Journal of Economics and forecasting, No. 1/2008 Tran Van Loi with his article " Development of foreign invested economy The issues and some solutions" [77] Scientific paper "Improving the investment environment in Vietnam in international economic integration" [51] by Nguyen Van Hao; The article "Some basic solutions for developing and using foreign investment sector" [93] by Dr. Dinh Van Phuong and Dr. Hoang Thi Bich Loan; the article of Mai Van Bao " The contribution of foreign investment Economy for promoting economicalsocial development of Vietnam "[7]; The article of Ho Thanh Thuy "Practical situation and prospects for economic development of foreign investment in Vietnam" [122] and "Investing abroad with the development and exploitation of human resources Vietnam today "[47] by Nguyen Thi Nhu Ha; the scientific work of Pham Ngoc Anh "Attracting foreign investment From HCM ideas to reality of development "[3] was published in the book of Vietnam on major road (1945 2005) for the target of rich people, strong country, social justice, democracy and civilization; “The basic investigation of elements of sustainable development in the major economical zone” [101] is scientific reseacher by Nguyen Danh Son as chairman; “Synthesis Report of overall socio economic in the major northern areas Planning to 2020 and orientations to 2030” [14] is a serious and careful work by the Ministry of planning and Investment to implement Besides, we also find a lot of articles which talked about ideas the data, practices, policies, decisions on FDI activities, attracting FDI in economic regions development, major economic regions, socio economic development of localities which were published in magazines: Communism, Economics and Forecasting, Economy and Development, Economic Development, Economic Research, Economic Management, Social Labor, Education and reasoning, Asia Pacific, Finance, Banking or the website of the Ministry of Planning and Investment, 10 the Government web portal Minister, the website of the Department of Planning and Investment and localities with the title abundant and diverse. This is the key document in the course of study by a large amount of information, timeliness, many new ideas General evaluation of the result of published scientific works and the research issues of the thesis 3.1 General evaluation of the result of published scientific works The project has clarified many theoretical and practical issues on FDI and generalized on some contents as follows: First, these works have achieved many important results in building concepts, analyzng the characteristics and generalizing forms, and other several theoretical issues on FDI Second, many scientific projects typically has appeared in the review which have analysised, argued quite profound on the status of FDI in Vietnam Third, one of the remarkable success of the scientific works which have been published is the recommend of orientation, perspective, solutions to resolve the shortcomings 3.2 The research issues of the thesis First, completing the theoretical framework on FDI as a solid basis for surveying the status of FDI in the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam period 2003 to 2013 Second, basing on the theoretical framework and surveys of FDI attraction situation in some countries of the world in order to draw the experiences of the field for the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam Third, basing on the determined theoretical framework, especially the criteria for evaluating the results of FDI, the thesis conducted a survey to assess the status of FDI in the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam period 20042013 14 Chapter ACTUAL SITUATION OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE MAJOR ECONOMICAL AREAS IN THE NORTH OF VIETNAM PERIOD 20032013 2.1 Outline the process of formation and development; potential, strengths and difficulties and challenges for foreign direct investment of the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam 2.1.1. Outline the process of formation and development of the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam The major economical areas in the north of Vietnam was historically formed and developed from the early years of 90s of the twentieth century and is known as the major economical areas included provinces are: Ha Noi; Hai Phong; Quang Ninh, Hai Duong, Huong Yen, Bac Ninh, Vinh Phuc that is associated with the issuance of Resolution No. 15/2008 / NQQH12 on the adjustment of the administrative boundaries of Hanoi and related provinces adopted on May 29, 2008 2.1.2. The potential and strength the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam with foreign direct investment First, the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam have particularly important position in economy, politics, culture and society in the north and in the country Second, the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam has diversity of natural resources and humanitarian resources for economic social development and investment attraction Third, the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam has outstanding strengths of human resources compared with other regions Fourth, the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam has technical infrastructure and social infrastructure development In addition, the market is also one of the strengths of the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam for FDI attraction 2.1.2 The difficulties and challenges for foreign direct investment of the major economical areas in the north of Vietnam 15 That is the difficulty in changing the land use purposes to manufacturing industry, building economic infrastructure social service investment activities; the effects of weather and climate; quality human resources 2.2 Results of foreign direct investment in the major economic regions in the North of Vietnam period 2003 2013 2.2.1. The quantity and scale of project 2.2.1.1. The number of projects and total registered capital 2.2.1.2. Scope of project 2.2.2. Structure of projects of foreign direct investment in the major economic regions in the North of Vietnam 2.2.2.1. Foreign direct investment by economic fields 2.2.2.2. Foreign direct investment in the form of business 2.2.2.3. Foreign direct investment by nationality 2.2.2.4. Foreign direct investment by province 2.3. Achievements, limitations and problems faced by foreign direct investment investment in the major economic regions in the North of Vietnam 2.3.1. Achievements and Causes 2.3.1.1. Achievements Firstly, production and business investment in FDI enterprises in the major economic regions in the North of Vietnam have increased significantly, contributing additional important source of economic development Second, the scale and quality of human resources in the area of FDI increasingly been raised; the level of technology in enterprises with foreign investment are also increasingly improved Third, the position of the role of FDI is increasingly high 2.3.1.2. The cause of achievements * The objective reasons 16 First, the achievements of FDI in the northern major economic region is due to the correct guidelines and policies of economic development of the Party and State, especially policies for FDI is an important content Second, the priorities of the Central Government to the development of major economic regions, especially in the construction of economic society infrastructure has created for in the northern major economic region certain advantages for FDI * Subjective reasons First, the northern major economic region is a safe destination and attraction of foreign investors by the political security situation and social order and safety with stability Second, the perception of the role of FDI and the need to attract FDI have raised one step Third, the locality of the northern major economic region has made great efforts in promoting the potential and strengths of each region and locality to FDI Fourth, one of the causes of the success of FDI of the northern major economic region in recent years is due to the development of industrial parks in this region 2.3.2. Some restrictions and limitations cause 2.3.2.1. Some restrictions First, FDI in the northern major economic region also has limitations and shortcomings in terms of growth rate, size and structure Second, production technology in the FDI enterprises in the northern major economic region despite achieving at the advanced level compared to the national average, but compared to other countries in the region, it is only in the universal level Third, human resources in FDI enterprises also have limitations and shortcomings 17 Fourth, there were some economic society problems arise during the operation of FDI 2.3.2.2. The cause of limitations * Objective reasons First of all, not to mention the state of the global economic slowdown due to the financial crisis, the currency took place in late 2007 and lasted until the end in recent years and no clear recovery made commercial activities and investments influenced One reason is also very important as to the growth of FDI in the northern major economic region last time is not desirable from the weaknesses of Vietnam's economy, an economy that was in low level of development, easily influenced by external factors * In addition to objective reasons, the limitations of FDI is the consequence of the subjective reasons below: First, the aware of the position and role as well as the necessity of FDI have not really unified high Second, while competition to attract FDI continued fierce and aggressive, the investment environment of Vietnam in general and localities in the northern major economic region although significantly improved, but progress the gain is not fast, especially in comparison with the southern key economic region Third, the management of the state of foreign investment at both central and local first time reveals a lot of weaknesses, just loose, medium deep intervention into the operation of foreign invested enterprises Fourth, investment promotion, despite many attempts, but has not really become active mainly of state authorities, not high quality Fifth, industry support (auxiliary) of Vietnam in general and in particular the northern major economic region inadequacies still many factors, not meeting the requirements of economic development social, investment attraction 18 2.3.3. The problems faced by foreign direct investment in the major economic regions in the North of Vietnam 2.3.3.1. Conflicts between the interests of investors with national and regional interests in the activities of foreign direct investment 2.3.3.2 Conflicts between the high demand for resources, especially human resources of foreign investors with the status of local resources in the region, there are certain limitations 2.3.3.3. Conflicts between high requirements on the management of state for foreign direct investment and the state of the state management in this area in the northern major economic areas still limited and inadequate Conclusion of Chapter FDI activity has important significance, thereby forming a dynamic economic region, promoting the mobilization of the sector in various economic structures operating in the transitional period up socialism in Vietnam in general and in particular in the northern major economic region In the context of globalization and international economic integration today, attracting FDI in the northern major economic region the rule issues, an economic necessity in order to put the local in the rapid progress on the path of industrialization modernization Recognizing the importance of the issue, FDI in these areas has had important developments the years with the efforts of the subjective levels, sectors and people Thereby the addition of investment capital for development that making the region's GDP growth is high continuously for years, the economic structure shifted towards modern, creating jobs and raising incomes for many workers However, considering the potential and available advantages and investment from central government, this development is not really 19 adequate, especially considering the southern major economic region; the amount invested has manifested slowdown in recent years, the investment structure was unreasonable; have economic problems social arise in attracting FDI From assessing the situation of FDI in the northen major economic regon, we could see some emerging problems to resolve that concern to the interests of each parner in FDI projects; regarding the mobilization and use of resources, especially human resources for FDI; relating to the management of the State on FDI. Therefore, the important thing now is to set out the research, selection and effective way, and to remove the obstacles and attract FDI in this economic area next time 20 Chapter VIEWPOINTS AND SOLUTIONS ATTRACTING FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE NORTHERN MAJOR ECONOMIC REGION IN THE FUTURE 3.1. Viewpoint attracting foreign direct investment in the northern major economic regions 3.1.1. Attracting foreign direct investment should be placed in close relationship with domestic investment attraction During the period of transition to socialism, the northern major economic regions as well as other areas in Vietnam, and exist many types of ownership, which is the existence of many economic sectors, including FDI The economic area exists, although there are differences in the position and role in the overall development process, yet there are close relationships with each other, influence each other dialectically The development of any economic sector have a direct impact in varying degrees to the development of the sector remain Therefore, FDI in the northern major economic regions should be placed in close relationship with domestic investment, FDI sector development should be placed in relation to the development of various areas of the background economic, forming a unified body of the development 3.1.2. Taking economic social efficiency, defense security as basic standards in attracting foreign direct investment, aiming at sustainable development Views of Vietnam in general and the northern major economic regions in particular in evaluating the effectiveness of the investment project to regional development and FDI is taking progressive social stability as a basis, but the economic social effects, defense security must be regarded as the leading standard These standards, particularly the evaluation criteria of economic social efficiency, defense security of an investment project is quite complex and needs to be thoroughly studied and taken seriously, contributing to economic development in the northern major economic regions socially sustainable way 3.1.3 Promoting the independence, initiative in attracting foreign direct investment In the context of the capitalist forces that govern the process of economic globalization, the dominant fields of trade and investment 21 and to attract FDI effectively but keep up the socialist orientation, maintain national cultural identity of regions to uphold the initiative in the development process Proactively in attracting FDI is the process of self perceived objectivity of the process of development, voluntarily choose the form, pace and appropriate way ; to promote the autonomy of the State management agencies all levels and departments, businesses ensures the development process does not cause adverse mutation, maintaining stability in all areas but primarily economic stability social of the localities in the region Proactively in attracting FDI requires as well the study forecasts the economic situation in the country, the region and the world, the trend of movement of foreign investment flows to time there have policy decisions correctness, mechanisms and policies accordingly Along with that, the need to adjust, change as decentralized and suggest adjustments, changing the system policies and laws to adapt to the fluctuations of the real situation and international rules; Steps also have to create economic restructuring towards best exploiting existing advantages to enhance the competitiveness of the economy Proactively in attracting and using FDI to persevere motto multilateralisation and diversification of international economic relations, promoting the advantages of the region in international labor division, boosting production and development strong direction for export; while exploiting the resources from many different directions to serve the diverse needs of industrialization and modernization 3.1.4. Attracting foreign direct investment on the basis of the leadership of the Party and the administration of the State Socialist orientation in attracting and using FDI as matters of principle should be thoroughly grasp and perform consistently to the fullest the opportunities and minimize to the lowest level of negative impact economic society development as a whole of the region The essence of the socialistoriented hold in attracting FDI in the northern key economic region is now on building an independent economy, sovereignty, towards the development of FDI in implementing the socio economic goals of the region, making the position and force of the increasingly high up in every step of the FDI sector, contributing to the country's overall 22 objectives are: rich people, strong country, democracy, fair and civilized To keep the socialist orientation in attracting FDI in the current the northern major economic regions should note the following fundamental issues: Firstly, often uplifting revolutionary vigilance, ready to frustrate any conspiracy and sabotage tactics of enemy forces with peace movements in the economic field Secondly, the leadership of the Party and State's management at both central and local must constantly be strengthened Thirdly, maintain the principle of equality, mutual benefit and cooperation in investment 3.2 Solutions to attract foreign direct investment in the northern major economic regions 3.2.1 Unity awareness, innovative thinking in attracting foreign direct investment This is a solution that is extremely important, as the basis for the implementation in practice, because awareness is the basis for action, there is a new awareness right there right action, thereby overcoming the deviant tendencies in attracting FDI In doing so, it should focus on the content requirements of the following: First, make the levels and sectors and all citizens have the right perception, full of the role of FDI Second, along with the affirmation of the positive impact of FDI on economic society development should also indicate the reverse of FDI Third, clarify the necessary objectivity to attract FDI in the northern major economic region in particular and in Vietnam in general Fourth, innovative thinking in attracting FDI. Accordingly, the northern major economic region should make significant changes to attract FDI from site run by volume alone to select the projects with quality, hightech, environmentally friendly and suitable for orientation economic restructuring of each sector and local 3.2.2. Research building, completed master plan projects with foreign investment 23 Directive 32/1998 / CTTTg of September 23, 1998 of the Prime Minister has been clear, planning is one of the important stages of the process of planning the national economy. Accordingly, if the strategy is the basis for the zoning plan will be the basis for planning economic social development The formulation and implementation of development planning FDI is expressed concretely in the implementation of the guidelines and policies of the Party and State in the field above. Business planning is also one of the important tools for central government to local levels perform their management function Only on the basis of planning, overall planning, science, new feasible to create favorable conditions for the implementation of foreign investment projects The building, completed master plan for FDI projects in the northern major economic region should keep abreast of specific requirements and comply with a strict process First, the government should direct the agencies and departments concerned as well the investigation, examined the situation of foreign investment in recent years in the province areas, evaluate the impact and effectiveness of foreign investment activities Second, conduct research, acquire experience in building the overall planning of the FDI projects in economic zones and key economic regions in the country, foreign experience Third, based on the survey results, survey and the experiences gained in other regions, conducted in drafting planning, consultation of the functional departments, economic experts, consult the people 3.2.3 Construction, upgrading economic social infrastructure; development of supporting industries to create attractive for foreign investors The construction and upgrading of economic social infrastructure future years should note the following issues: Firstly, new construction combined with the upgrade, stop the degradation of the transport system in the whole region Second, the need to invest in building new and upgrading existing power grid to meet the demand for electricity for production, particularly in the industrial zones, industrial complexes where many FDI enterprises operate 24 Third, expand and upgrade their telecommunications system in the province Along with the development of economic social infrastructure, strong need to develop supporting industries on the basis of the following measures: First, the creation of the investment environment, encouraging the development of production and business Second, the state should develop and promulgate a system of technical standards of product quality according to international standards as a basis for industrial development, oriented support in the northern major economic region Third, to enlist walk fast, strong, effective programs to build longterm cooperation with strategic partners, companies, multinational corporations of industrial development in general and industrial supported in particular Fourth, accelerate the construction of infrastructure Fifth, create favorable conditions for small and medium enterprises access to longterm loans for development investment Sixth, early build effective database 3.2.4 Gradually develop human resources to meet the requirements to attract foreign direct investment In the basic resource for economic society development in general and FDI in particular, human resources have a decisive role With a rich cultural tradition, from the achievements of the renewal process of the country, the years, the northern major economic region has trained a team of experienced workers in various fields and this team has really is the main factor determining the quality of economic growth, promote FDI developed with high speed Nevertheless, the human resources service of economic development economic development zone are still many shortcomings factors, including human resources working in foreign invested enterprises. The irrationality on should be overcome in time to meet the requirements of a new period of development. In doing so, it should thoroughly understand and implement the following fundamental issues: First, continue to promote the socialization of education and training 25 Second, build new and enhanced facilities for vocational schools and vocational training centers, technical centers synthesis Third, improve the quality of teaching staff and managers in the training facility 3.2.5 Improve effectiveness of State management of foreign investment The enhancement of management efficiency state, the northern major economic region FDI in the future should focus on some of the following measures: Firstly, study and complete policies to encourage foreign investment Second, continue to reform administrative procedures towards simple, compact, creating favorable conditions for foreign investors Third, strengthen the supervision of licensed businesses and active Fourth, as well the promotion of investment Fifth, the continuous improvement of state management apparatus of FDI The conclusion of chapter 3 Foreign direct investment in the northern major economic region by experts assess as potential and development opportunities in the future. However, the growth was achieved in the extent, scope and level of how sustainable or unsustainable depends largely on the willingness of the subjective state management agencies in the Central Foreigners , of the Party, the government and the local people here through the grasping and implementing the basic perspective, the key measures outlined how Accordingly, the basic point must thoroughly understand is: Attracting FDI must be associated with investment in the country; taking economic social efficiency, defense security as the basic criterion in attracting FDI; to uphold the independence and initiative in attracting FDI; to sustain the principles of equality, mutual benefit is actually resolved harmoniously benefit relations between the parties in attracting FDI; to sustain socialist orientation in attracting FDI The solution implemented concern include unified awareness, innovative thinking in attracting FDI; complete master plan projects the FDI; construction, upgrading economic social infrastructure, 26 industrial development support to create attractive to foreign investors; gradually developing human resources to meet the requirements to attract FDI; raising effectiveness of State management of foreign investment. Each solution is located, the role and specific content, but has no relationship with each other in a coherent way Therefore, their implementation should ensure comprehensive, uniform, not absolute snobbery or any chemical solution. However, the basics, the most important now is to sustain socialist orientation in attracting FDI, making FDI in the development of the northern key economic region is always in control and every step of its development are actively contributing to the implementation of economic society objectives of the region, making the northern major economic region increasingly greater integration into the economy of the country, region and world 27 CONCLUSION 1. Foreign direct investment is the movement of resources from national investment goes into the investmentreceiving countries in order to maximize profits for investors, also bring economic benefits, certain social investment recipient country 2. In Vietnam, FDI has advocacy process developed over 25 years from the official Foreign Investment Law takes effect. Through practical process exists, advocacy and its development, can confirm the position and role of FDI is shown more clearly not only important in its contribution to the economy but is also reflected in the spread of it in most economic space throughout the country, including the northern key economic region 3. As one of four key economic regions of the country, in the context of globalization and international economic integration, with the goal to accelerate the process of industrialization and modernization, the northern major economic region needed and have the advantage certain that in attracting FDI. That's the advantage of geographical position, the diversity of natural resources, the development of economic social infrastructure, human resource quality, cohesion and national market fall Practice the years shows that FDI in the northern major economic region had quite strong growth in both size and speed, both in width and depth. That has made the economic aspect of the society have changed dramatically: the speed of industrialization and modernization was accompanied by accelerating economic growth rate was maintained at a high level for many years, economic structural shift in the positive direction, the lives of the workers have been gradually improving The position and role of FDI is increasingly high, reflected in many aspects, the most the budget contribution and expand export markets, create favorable conditions for the northern major economic region participate actively in the process of regional integration and international Besides these achievements, FDI in the northern major economic region still revealed many shortcomings in terms of funding capacity, growth and structure of registered projects We can say, FDI in the northern 28 major economic region not really commensurate with its position and its immense potential and considerably lower in comparison with the southern key economic region Limitations of FDI in the northern major economic region last time was due to the combined effects of many factors, both objective and subjective, which can cause cognitive, organizational causes have done, there environmental causes investors, have cause for investment promotion activities, has reasons relating to the management of the state of FDI 5. In particular, there appeared a number of emerging issues, essentially concern the conflict settlement process in attracting FDI in this economic region. This is indeed what the authorities should take into account levels of FDI in the northern major economic region future These contradictions posed in attracting FDI in the northern major economic region is present and requires to be remedied by the appropriate method, thereby developing economic region formed from this fund and effective forcefully more fruit, contributing to the good of the overall planning, economic objectives of the local society, in accordance with a wish of the people 6. In order to attract FDI in the northern major economic region future, seriously need to thoroughly understand the views mentioned. On that basis, strict implementation, a comprehensive system solutions in the above measures could have unified, organic; overcoming absolute trend of this solution which overlooked other solutions ... investment of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam; proposes main requirements and solutions to attract the foreign direct investment of the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam. .. make the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam are deeper integration into the economy of the region and the world However, FDI in the major economic areas in the North of Vietnam in the. .. VIEWPOINTS AND SOLUTIONS ATTRACTING FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE NORTHERN MAJOR ECONOMIC REGION IN THE FUTURE 3.1. Viewpoint attracting foreign direct investment in the northern major economic regions