1. Thì của động từ Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Present simple She said, I stay at home today -> Past simple -> She said that she stayed at home that day. Present continuous She said, What are you doing now? -> Past continuous -> She asked what I was doing then. Present perfect She said, I have bought a computer. -> Past perfect -> She said that she had bought a computer. Present perfect continuous He said, I have been playing soccer. -> Past perfect continuous -> He said that he had been playing soccer. Simple past She said, I bought a car. -> Simple past/ Past perfect -> She said that she bought a car. -> She said that she had bought a car. Past continuous He said, I was watching TV at 7 oclock -> Past continuous/ Past perfect continuous -> He said that he was watching TV at 7 oclock. -> He said that he had been watching TV at 7 oclock. Past perfect She said, I had met my friend by 3 oclock -> Past perfect -> She said she had met her friend by 3 oclock. Past perfect continuous She said, By 8 oclock, I had been working for 3 hours -> Past perfect continuous -> She said that by 8 oclock, I had been working for 3 hours. Simple future She said, I will play the guitar. -> Future in the past -> She said that she would play the guitar. Future continuous She said, I will be playing the guitar at 3 oclock this afternoon -> Future continuous in the past -> She said that She would be playing the guitar at 3 oclock this afternoon. * Chú ý: Nếu động từ ở mệnh đề giới thiệu đợc dùng ở present perfect (thì hiện tại hoàn thành), present simple( thì hiện tại đơn), present continuous ( thì hiện tại tiếp diễn), hoặc simple future (thì tơng lai đơn), thì của động từ trong câu gián tiếp vẫn không thay đổi. Ví dụ: She says, I can speak English. -> She says that she can speak English. My mother has said, I will visit Hanoi -> My mother has said that she will visit Hanoi. 2. Các tính từ chỉ định và trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn và thời gian Trực tiếp Gián tiếp this -> that these -> those here -> there now -> then ago -> before today -> that day tonight -> that night tomorrow -> the next day/ the following day/ the day before yesterday -> the previous day/ the day before last night/ week/ month -> the previous night/ week/ month -> the night/ week/ month before next week/ month -> the following week/ month -> the week/ month after the day before yesterday -> two days before the day after tomorrow -> two days after . -& gt; that these -& gt; those here -& gt; there now -& gt; then ago -& gt; before today -& gt; that day tonight -& gt; that night tomorrow -& gt; the next day/. Hanoi -& gt; My mother has said that she will visit Hanoi. 2. Các tính từ chỉ định và trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn và thời gian Trực tiếp Gián tiếp this -& gt;