GRAMMER Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh: Either, Neither 1, Câu trả lời ngắn với either neither “Either neither" dùng câu phủ định, để thể đồng thuận mang ý phủ định người nói với việc *Cấu trúc: - Either: đứng cuối câu: S + trợ động từ + not + either VD: I didn’t either; I don’t either; She doesn’t either… -Neither: đứng đầu câu: Neither + trợ động từ + S VD: Neither I, Neither did he…… 2, Either Neither dùng làm đại từ: - either có nghĩa kia, neither có nghĩa khơng mà không - either neither dùng làm đại từ đứng mình, động từ câu chia theo ngơi thứ ba số I tried Asus and Oppo phones before, but neither was good Do you want tea or coffee? – Either is good for me (Bạn uống trà hay cà phê? – Cái hết) 3, Một số cách dùng khác either neither: *NEITHER a neither + Noun số Ở trường hợp neither xem “người xác định” cho danh từ số đứng sau Ví dụ: Neither member of our group came to the meeting yesterday b neither + of + đại danh từ - Trong cấu trúc này, of phải đứng neither danh từ - Động từ phải chia số - Chỉ có đại danh từ dùng với neither of you, them, us Ví dụ: Neither of us knows that Mr Blank passed awayNeither of you is approved for this vacancy I’m so sorry c neither + of + từ xác định + Noun số nhiều Các từ xác định thường dùng cấu trúc là: a, an, the, my, his, their, this, that Lưu ý: Động từ phải chia theo ngơi thứ ba số (dù danh từ dạng số nhiều) Ví dụ: Neither of my friends knows how my brother looks like Neither of the dresses fixed me d Neither … nor: Đây cặp liên từ tương quan, dùng để diễn tả phủ định kép, khơng khơng Ví dụ: Neither me nor my friends want to talk with her * EITHER a either + Noun số ít: Trong trường hợp này, either sử dụng từ xác định (determiner) trước danh từ số Ví dụ: A: Where you want to have dinner, at home or outside? B: Either option is fine for me b either + of + Đại danh từ - Cấu trúc either of với tân ngữ đại từ (thường us, you, them) Ví dụ: I know Clara and Jason Either of them loves volleyball - Either có sử dụng độc lập câu, lúc có nghĩa người nói khơng quan tâm đến lựa chọn, được, đơi với từ “one” Ví dụ: A & B: We will eat out tonight Do you want to eat seafood or pizza? C: Either one c either + of + từ xác định + Noun số nhiều Các từ xác định thường dùng cấu trúc là: a, an, the, my, his, their, this, that Ví dụ: Either of the dishes is delicious Either of his cars was broken last month d either … or: Đây cặp liên từ tương quan dùng để diễn tả lựa chọn: này, Ví dụ: I want to have either tea or juice Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh: CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN - - NHỮNG KTCB VỀ CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN: *Câu điều kiện dùng để nêu lên giả thiết việc, mà việc xảy điều kiện nói đến xảy *Cấu tạo: Cấu tạo câu điều kiện bao gồm hai mệnh đề: - Mệnh đề If (If clause): mệnh đề điều kiện, hay mệnh đề phụ - Mệnh đề (main clause): mệnh đề kết quả, hay mệnh đề - Cách xếp mệnh đề mệnh đề phụ câu điều kiện: If – clause, main – clause Mệnh đề If đứng trước mệnh đề hai ngăn cách với dấu phẩy (hoặc chấm phẩy) Main - clause If - clause Mệnh đề If đứng sau mệnh đề khơng cần dùng dấu phẩy (hoặc chấm phẩy) *Các từ điều kiện: Mệnh đề điều kiện thường bắt đầu với từ như: if, unless (= if … not); provided (that) (= if only); so long as (as long as); on condition that (miễn là, với điều kiện là); suppose; supposing (giả sử như); in case (trong trường hợp); even if (ngay khi, dù cho) CÁC LOẠI CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN • Câu điều kiện loại 0: *Chức năng:Câu điều kiện loại diễn tả chân lý, việc luôn *Cấu trúc: If clause (Simple present), main clause (simple present) → If + chủ ngữ + động từ (chia theo chủ ngữ 1) , chủ ngữ + động từ (chia theo chủ ngữ 2) Nếu chủ ngữ I/they/you/we động từ giữ nguyên Nếu chủ ngữ She/he/it động từ phải thêm -s/-es/-ies Ví dụ: If you heat the ice, it smelts The water reaches 100 degree if you heat it • Câu điều kiện loại 1: diễn tả việc/hành động xảy tương lai Cấu trúc: If clause (simple present), main clause (simple future) → If + chủ ngữ + động từ (chia đơn) , chủ ngữ + will + V Lưu ý: - Will thay can/may/shall/must - Mệnh đề mệnh đề if đứng trước đứng sau Ví dụ: If you take this medicine, you will feel better ( If it stops raining, we can go out • Câu điều kiện loại 2: - Câu điều kiện loại câu điều kiện khơng có thực - Câu điều kiện loại sử dụng để diễn tả điều xảy tương lai, giả thiết, ước muốn trái ngược với thực trạng Cấu trúc: If clause S + V ( QKĐ), Main clause [S + would/ could (not) + V + …] → If + chủ ngữ + V-ed/-d( BQT) (to be: were), chủ ngữ + would/could (not) + V Ví dụ: - If I were you, I would help him - If you tried hard again, you would succeed • Câu điều kiện loại 3: - Câu điều kiện loại câu điều kiện khơng có thực q khứ - Câu điều kiện loại dùng để diễn tả điều xảy khứ, mang tính ước muốn khứ, giả thiết trái ngược với thực trạng khứ Cấu trúc: If clause QKHT, main clause (could/would + have + P2/ed) → If + chủ ngữ + had + P2/-ed/d, chủ ngữ + would/ could + have +P2/-ed Ví dụ: If he had studied hard, he would have passed his exams - - LƯU Ý VỀ CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN • Cấu trúc Unless = If … not Lưu ý: If … not đổi sang Unless mệnh đề (main clause) khơng đổi; If đổi sang Unless mệnh đề (main clause) phải đổi sang nghĩa phủ định • Will/Would Should mệnh đề If: Ví dụ: If you will/would help me, we can finish by six - Should dùng mệnh đề if để diễn tả tình cờ will dùng mệnh đề Ví dụ: - If it should rain, take the raincoat in - If the director should come in, what will we do? Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh phần - 55 Cấu trúc V-ing Tiếng Anh ADMIT DOING SOMETHING: Chấp nhận làm AVOID DOING SOMETHING: Tránh làm DELAY DOING SOMETHING: Trì hỗn làm DENY DOING SOMETHING: Phủ nhận làm ENJOY DOING SOMETHING: Thích làm FINISH DOING SOMETHING: Hồn thành làm KEEP DOING SOMETHING: Tiếp tục, trì làm MIND DOING SOMETHING: Bận tâm làm SUGGEST DOING SOMETHING: Gợi ý làm 10 LIKE DOING SOMETHING: Thích làm 11 HATE DOING SOMETHING: Ghét làm 12 LOVE DOING SOMETHING: Thích làm 13 CAN’T BEAR DOING SOMETHING: Khơng thể chịu làm 14 CAN’T STAND DOING SOMETHING : Khơng thể chịu làm 15 CAN’T HELP DOING SOMETHING : Khơng thể tránh làm 16 LOOK FORWARD DOING SOMETHING: Trơng mong làm 17 ACCUSE SOMEBODY OF DOING SOMETHING: Buộc tội làm 18 INSIST SOMEBODY ON DOING SOMETHING: Nài nỉ làm 19 REMIND SOMEBODY OF DOING SOMETHING: Gợi nhớ làm 20 BE AFRAID OF DOING SOMETHING: Sợ làm 21 BE AMAZED AT DOING SOMETHING: Ngạc nhiên làm 22 BE ANGRY ABOU/ OF DOING SOMETHING : Giận/ Bực làm 23 BE GOOD/ BAD AT DOING SOMETHING : Giỏi/ Kém làm 24 BE BORED WITH DOING SOMETHING: Buồn chán làm 25 BE DEPENENT ON DOING SOMETHING : Phụ thuộc 26 THINK OF DOING SOMETHING : Nhớ 27 THANK OF DOING SOMETHING : Nhờ vào gì, vào 28 THANK TO DOING SOMETHING : Cảm ơn làm 29 APOLOZISE FOR DOING SOMETHING : Xin lỗi 30 COMFRESS TO DOING SOMETHING: Thú nhận làm 31 COMGRATULATE SOMEBODY ON DOING SOMETHING: Chúc mừng điều 32 BE FROND OF DOING SOMETHING: Thích làm 33 BE GRATEFUL TO SOMEBODY FOR DOING SOMETHING: Biết ơn làm 34 BE USED TO DOING SOMETHING : Đã quen làm 35 WARN SOMEBODY ABOUT DOING SOMETHING: Cảnh báo việc làm 36 WARN SOMEBODY AGAINST DOING SOMETHING: Cảnh báo khơng làm 37 DREAM OF DOING SOMETHING: Giấc mơ việc gì, ai,về làm 38 PREVENT FROM DOING SOMETHING: Ngăn cản làm 39 ALLOW DOING SOMETHING: Cho phép làm 40 CONSIDER DOING SOMETHING: Xem xét đến khả làm 41 DISKILE DOING SOMETHING: Khơng thích làm 42 DREAD DOING SOMETHING: Sợ phải làm 43 ENDURE DOING SOMETHING: Chịu đựng phải làm - - 44 GIVE UP = QUIT DOING SOMETHING: Từ bỏ làm 45 GO ON DOING SOMETHING: Tiếp tục làm 46 IMAGINE DOING SOMETHING: Tưởng tượng làm 47 INVOVLE DOING SOMETHING: Đòi hỏi phải làm 48 MISS DOING SOMETHING: St làm 49 POSTPONE DOING SOMETHING: Trì hỗn làm 50 REMEMBER DOING SOMETHING: Nhớ làm 51 PRACTICE DOING SOMETHING : Thực tập, thực hành làm 52 RESENT DOING SOMETHING: Ghét làm 53 RISK DOING SOMETHING: Có nguy bị làm 54 SPEND TIME DOING SOMETHING: Bỏ (thời gian) làm 55 BEGIN DOING SOMETHING: Bắt đầu làm Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh phần: Câu Bị Động NHỮNG KTCB CẦN NHỚ: *Câu bị động: Câu bị động câu có chủ ngữ người, vật bị tác động hành động người, vật khác Ví dụ: The car is washed by Linh’s mother (Mẹ Linh rửa xe) CÁC BƯỚC CHUYỂN CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG *Bước 1: Chuyển tân ngữ chủ động thành chủ ngữ bị động Ví dụ: My brother wrote a letter → The letter was written by my brother *Bước 2: Chia động từ cho thể bị động Chủ Động Bị Động Ví dụ Hiện đơn V(s/-es) am/is/are + P2 He delivers chicken every evening → Chicken is delivered every evening Hiện tiếp diễn am/is/are + V-ing am/is/are + being + P2 He is asking me a lot of questions → I am being asked a lot of questions Hiện hoàn thành have/has + P2 have/has + been + P2 I have cooked dinner → The dinner has been cooked Hiện hoàn Have/has + been + Vthành tiếp diễn ing Have/has + been + being + P2 I have been reading that book -> That book has been being read Quá khứ đơn V-ed/d ( BQT) was/were + P2 My mother wrote a book → The book was written by my mother Quá khứ tiếp diễn was/were + V-ing was/were + being + P2 My brother was doing his homework → My brother’s (His) homework was being done Quá khứ hoàn thành had + P2 had + been + P2 They had hold a party for her birthday → A party had been hold for her birthday Quá khứ hoàn Had + been + thành tiếp diễn V-ing Had+ been + being + P2 I had been doing the job -> The job had been being done Tương lai đơn Will + V will+ be + P2 I will bring food for the picnic → The food for the picnic will be brought by me Tương lai gần Be(am,is,are) + going to +V Is/are + going to + be + She is going to visit an old school -> An old P2 school is going to be visited Tương lai hoàn thành Will have + P2 Will have + been + P2 Modal verbs can/may/must… + V can/may/must… + be + Nam can answer this question → This P2 question can be answered by Nam - - I will have bought this book -> This book will have been bought Cấu trúc với have/ has to Chủ Động Bị Động Ví dụ have/has to + V have/ has to + be + P2 You have to finish all your homework quickly → All your homework have to be finished quickly *Bước 3: Chuyển chủ ngữ chủ động thành by + O Lưu ý: Các đại từ me, you, him, them, people, someone,her… thường loại bỏ không muốn nêu rõ tác nhân *Bước 4: Vị trí trạng ngữ câu bị động - Trạng từ/trạng ngữ nơi chốn đứng trước by + O Ví dụ: I have found the book in the closet → The book has been found in the closet by me - Trạng từ/trạng ngữ thời gian đứng sau by O Ví dụ: My dad bought a car yesterday → A car was bought by my dad yesterday Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh: Câu Trực Tiếp – Gián Tiếp: NHỮNG KTCB CẦN NHỚ : -Câu trực tiếp: Là câu nói diễn tả xác từ ngữ người nói Là câu nói bình thường giao tiếp Thường đặt dấu ngoặc kép “” - Câu gián tiếp (hay gọi câu tường thuật): Là cách nói muốn kể lại hay tường thuật lại cho nghe người khác nói Đơi không cần phải dùng từ người nói *CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ TƯỜNG THUẬT 1.Các động từ thường dùng: - Khi tường thuật ta thường sử dụng động từ trung gian say tell Ví dụ: + He said (that) he was ill (Anh nói anh bị bệnh.) + He told me (that) he was ill (Anh nói với tơi anh bị bệnh.) - Sau tell ta dùng nhiều loại mệnh đề cụm từ khác như: He told me where he was (Từ để hỏi) He told me to go (Động từ nguyên mẫu có to) He told me where to go (Từ hỏi + Động từ nguyên mẫu có to) He told me a lie (Danh từ/Cụm danh từ) Các động từ trung gian khác • Verb + O + to V: advise, ask, beg, command, encourage, entreat, expect, forbid, implore, instruct, invite, order, persuade, recommend, remind, request, tell, urge, warn… Ví dụ: She advised me to take a language class • Verb + to V: agree, demand, guarantee, hope, offer, promise, propose, swear, threaten, volunteer, vow… Ví dụ: Susan promises not to come home late again ( • Verb + V-ing: accuse of, admit, advice, apologize for, deny, insist on, mention, propose, recommend, report, suggest, dream of… Ví dụ: Lele apologized Amanda for deleting her images on Instagram • Verb + O + Giới từ + V-ing: accuse … of, congratulate … on, prevent … from, stop … from, suspect … of, thank … for, warn … against Ví dụ: Destorm thanks Liane for joining his party *Verb + that clause: Ví dụ: King Bach admits that he doesn’t like Lele ( Cách chuyển đổi từ lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp ( lời tường thuật ) Thơng thường, để tường thuật câu, ta cần phải lùi thì, thay đổi đại từ nhân xưng, tính từ sở hữu thay đổi trạng từ nơi chốn thời gian câu LÙI THÌ TRONG CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp Thì đơn (V-s/-es/-ies) Thì khứ đơn (V-ed/-d/BQT) Thì tiếp diễn (am/is/are + V-ing) Thì khứ tiếp diễn (was/were + V-ing) - - Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp Thì q khứ đơn (V-ed/-d/(BQT) Thì q khứ hồn thành (had + P2) Thì hồn thành (have/has + P2) Thì q khứ hồn thành (had + P2) Thì hoàn thành tiếp diễn (have/has + been + Ving) Thì q khứ hồn thành tiếp diễn (had + been + V-ing) Thì khứ tiếp diễn (was/ were + V-ing) Thì q khứ hồn thành tiếp diễn (had + been + V-ing) Thì tương lai đơn (Will +V ) Would + V Thì tương lai gần ( am/is/are + going to + V) S + was/were + going to +V Đối với động từ khiếm khuyết dạng khứ, ta chuyển đổi sau: Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Must/have to/has to had to Can could May might Will/shall would/should THAY ĐỔI ĐẠI TỪ Các đại từ nhân xưng tính từ sở hữu chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi bảng sau: -Đại từ nhân xưng Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp I he/she we They me him/her us Them you them/me/him/her -Tính từ sở hữu: Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp my her/his our Their your them/his/her/me mine his/hers ours theirs yours theirs/mine/his/hers - CHUYỂN ĐỔI TRẠNG TỪ TRONG CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT Trực tiếp Gián tiếp This That These Those - - Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Here There Now Then Today That day Tonight That night Yesterday The previous day / The day before Tomorrow The following day /The next day Ago Before Next week/ Next month/ Last week/ Last month The following week / The next week/ the following month/ the next month/ the previous week/ the week before/ the previous month/ the month before Tường Thuật Dạng Câu Hỏi • Câu hỏi Yes/No: Đối với câu hỏi Yes/No, dùng if whether sau động từ trần thuật đổi lại thứ tự chủ ngữ động từ/trợ động từ câu trực tiếp Ví dụ: ‘Have you seen the rain?’ He asked → He asked me if/whether I had seen the rain ‘Will you be home tonight?’ She asked -> She asked me if/ whether I would be home that night • Câu hỏi dùng từ để hỏi( WH questions) what, when, where, why, how…: Đối với câu hỏi có từ dùng để hỏi, dùng lại từ để hỏi vị trí sau động từ trần thuật đổi lại thứ tự chủ ngữ động từ/trợ động từ câu trực tiếp Ví dụ: ‘Where did you sleep last night?’ he asked → He asked me where I had slept the night before Tường Thuật Câu Mệnh Lệnh • Câu mệnh lệnh câu yêu cầu câu tường thuật: Các câu mệnh lệnh câu yêu cầu mở đầu động từ order, command, tell, ask, request,…và theo sau tân ngữ trực tiếp người nhận lệnh + động từ ngun mẫu có to Ví dụ: ‘Stand up, Natasha.’ → He told Natasha to stand up ‘Close the door, please.’ → The teacher ordered his students to close the door • Với từ để hỏi: Động từ nguyên mẫu có ‘’to ‘’thường dùng sau từ hỏi chuyển câu hỏi sang câu tường thuật, thường dùng để trả lời câu hỏi trực tiếp với ‘’should’’ Ví dụ: ‘How should I make BBQ sauce?’’ → He asked her how to make BBQ sauce Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh: Phân từ Hiện Tại – Phân từ Quá Khứ- Phân từ Hoàn Thành: *Phân từ động từ tạo ra, có đặc điểm tính từ *Có hai dạng phân từ là: phân từ (Present participle) khứ phân từ (past participle) Bảng thể dạng phân từ: Phân từ Chủ động Bị động Hiện phân từ V-ing Being P2-ed Quá khứ phân từ P2/-ed P2/-ed Phân từ hoàn thành having P2/-ed Having been + P2/-ed Hiện phân từ: • Tạo nên tiếp diễn (be +V-ing) Hiện phân từ dùng nhiều tiếp diễn như: tiếp diễn, khứ tiếp diễn, tương lai tiếp diễn, vv… Ví dụ: He is working They were having dinner when I came - - • Thay mệnh đề chính: - Khi hai hành động có chủ ngữ, xảy đồng thời, mệnh đề với liên từ dùng phân từ (V-ing Being P2/-ed) để rút gọn Ví dụ: Working all day long, I felt tired (After I worked all day long, I felt tired.) - Khi hành động thứ hai phần kết hành động thứ nhất, hành động thứ hai thay phân từ (V-ing Being P2/-ed) Ví dụ: She went out, slamming the door (She went out, she slammed the door) - Thay cho mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian, lý nguyên nhân Ví dụ: Being the youngest child, Nancy is her mother’s favorite (As Nancy is the youngest child, she is her mother’s favorite.) - Thay đại từ quan hệ danh từ Ví dụ: Boys attending this school have to wear uniforms (Boys who attend this school have to wear uniforms.) • Sử dụng tính từ: Hiện phân từ sử dụng tính từ đứng trước danh từ: mang nghĩa chủ động, đặc điểm, tính chất, chất Ví dụ: -Boiling water turns to vapor -It’s an interesting book • Sau động từ giác quan: Các động từ giác quan gồm: see, hear, smell, watch, notice, observe, feel, hành động mang tính chứng kiến việc xảy ta sử dụng phân từ Ví dụ: She smells something burning in the kitchen • Sau động từ catch, find, leave, keep: Cấu trúc: S + catch/find/leave/keep + O + V-ing - Catch (bắt gặp): chủ ngữ thường bày tỏ thái độ tiêu cực Ví dụ: I caught them stealing my books - Find (thấy, bắt gặp): chủ ngữ thường bày tỏ thái độ tích cực Ví dụ: I found him standing in at the door - Leave: làm Ví dụ: I left him talking to Jerry • Sau động từ: go, come, spend, waste, be busy, worth - Go + V-ing: nói đến hoạt động thể thao Ví dụ: They go swimming everyday - S + spend/waste + time/money + V-ing: Tiêu xài, lãng phí Ví dụ: He spends two hours a day jogging - Be busy + V-ing: bận rộn Ví dụ: She is busy packing • Dùng sau liên từ: when, if, although, while, once Ví dụ: You should wear gloves when using detergents Quá khứ phân từ: • Trong hồn thành: Q khứ phân từ dùng để hình thành hồn thành hoàn thành, khứ hoàn thành, tương lai hoàn thành (had + P2/-ed; have + P2/-ed) Ví dụ: I have been here for a while • Trong câu bị động: Quá khứ phân từ dùng để hình thành thể bị động (passive voice): Be + P2/-ed Ví dụ: This book was bought when I traveled to London • Sử dụng tính từ: Khi khứ phân từ sử dụng tính từ, mang nghĩa bị động, thiên tác động từ bên ngồi, cảm xúc từ ảnh hưởng đến Ví dụ: The little girl was frightened by the dog • Thay đại từ quan hệ động từ thể bị động Ví dụ: The questions asked by our teacher was very difficult (The questions which was asked by our teacher was very difficult.) • Sử dụng câu cầu khiến: Cấu trúc: S + have/ get + O + P2 + by O - - Ví dụ: She had her new dress made by me Phân từ hoàn thành: Phân từ hoàn thành (Having + P2/-ed) sử dụng câu có hai hành động nhằm nhấn mạnh hành động xảy trước Ví dụ: Having done his lesson, he went out to play football (After he had done his lesson, he went out to play football.) Having sung his song, he ran out the house Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh: Câu Hỏi Đuôi ( Tag Question) NHỮNG KTCB VỀ CÂU HỎI ĐI: *Câu hỏi (Tag question) dạng câu hỏi ngắn đằng sau câu trần thuật *Vị trí: Câu hỏi thêm vào sau câu nói khẳng định phủ định, ngăn cách với câu nói dấu phẩy ‘’,’’ *Chức năng: Câu hỏi sử dụng người nói có thơng tin câu trả lời chưa điều hay sai CẤU TRÚC CÂU HỎI ĐUÔI Các dạng thường gặp: • Cơng thức chung: - Câu nói trước dấu phẩy dạng khẳng định, câu hỏi đuôi dạng phủ định - Câu nói trước dấu phẩy dạng phủ định, câu hỏi đuôi dạng khẳng định • Hiện đơn với to be: S + is/are + n/a/O, is/are + not + S? S + is/are + not + n/a/O, is/are + S? Ví dụ: He is a doctor, isn’t he? They aren’t your roommate, are they? ( • Hiện đơn với động từ thường: S + V(s,es,ies) , don’t/doesn’t S? S + don’t/doesn’t + V , do/does + S? Ví dụ: You don’t know her, you? ( She works in that company, doesn’t she? * Hiện tiếp diễn: S + is/are + V-ing, isn’t/aren’t S? S + is/are + not + V-ing, is /are S? • Động từ khiếm khuyết (Modal verbs): S + modal verbs + V , modal verbs + not + S? S + modal verbs + not + V , modal verbs + S? Ví dụ: He couldn’t help his brother, could he? You wouldn’t come to my party, would you? • Quá khứ đơn với to be: S + was/were + N/a/o , was/were + not + S? S + was/were + not + /n/a/O, was/were + S? Ví dụ: We were there yesterday, weren’t we? It wasn’t our last motorbike, was it? ( • Quá khứ đơn với động từ thường: S + V(-ed/d; BQT) , didn’t S? S + didn’t + V , did + S? Ví dụ: She bought it with her money, didn’t she? We didn’t hear anything about it, did we? * Quá khứ tiếp diễn: S + was/ were + V-ing, wasn’t/ weren’t S? S + wasn’t/ weren’t + V-ing, was/were S? • Thì hồn thành: S + has/have + P2/ed , hasn’t/haven’t + S? S + hasn’t/haven’t + P2/ed , has/have + S? Ví dụ: They have come, have’t they? ( She hasn’t finished her homework, has she? • Thì q khứ hồn thành: S + had + P2/ed , hadn’t S? S + hadn’t + P2/ed , had +S? Ví dụ: You hadn’t met him before, had you? - - They had known this news, hadn’t they? • Thì tương lai đơn: S + will + V , won’t + S? S + won’t + V , will + S? Ví dụ: It won’t rain, will it? She will cook a meal for us, won’t she? * Tương lai gần: S+ is/are + going to +V, isn’t/ aren’t + S? S + isn’t/aren’t + going to + V, is/are + S? CÁC DẠNG ĐẶC BIỆT: • Với động từ to be am: I am…., aren’t I? • Với modal verb have to: Trường hợp modal verb câu phía trước have/ has to câu hỏi chia trợ động từ do/does Ví dụ: You have to go, don’t you? • Với câu có nhiều trợ động từ động từ: Lấy trợ động từ Ví dụ: I have been answering, haven’t I? • Với chủ ngữ đại từ bất định vật: - Với số từ mang nghĩa phủ định + Nothing, anything -> Trợ động từ khẳng định + it + No one, nobody… -> Trợ động từ khẳng định + they -Với số từ mang nghĩa khẳng định: + Everything, something… -> Isn’t it? + Every one, every body, some one, some body… -> Aren’t they? • Với cấu trúc ‘‘let’s’’ -Let’s +V, shall + you/we ? • Với câu mệnh lệnh - Lời mời: dùng won’t Ví dụ: Take a seat, won’t you? - Nhờ vả, lịch sự: dùng will Ví dụ: Do it now, will you? - Nhờ vả, lịch sự: dùng would Ví dụ: Close the door, would you? - Ra lệnh: dùng can, could, would Ví dụ: Help me, can’t you? • Câu nói phía trước dấu phẩy có từ phủ định: seldom, rarely, hardly, scarely, barely, never, no, none, neither, either câu hỏi dạng khẳng định Ví dụ:You never hear that sound, you? • Câu nói phía trước dấu phẩy có cấu trúc used to V, câu hỏi didn’t + S Ví dụ:They used to travel so much, didn’t they? • Câu nói phía trước dấu phẩy có cấu trúc had better + V, câu hỏi hadn’t + S Ví dụ:I had better tell him the truth, hadn’t I? • Câu nói phía trước dấu phẩy có cấu trúc would rather + V, câu hỏi wouldn’t + S Ví dụ:She would rather go now, wouldn’t she? (Cơ nên bây giờ, phải khơng?) • Nếu câu nói phía trước có sử dụng I wish, câu hỏi may I Ví dụ:I wish to study Korean, may I? • Nếu chủ ngữ câu nói phía trước dấu phẩy one, chủ ngữ cho câu hỏi you one Ví dụ:One can be one’s master, can’t you/one? • Nếu câu nói phía trước dấu phẩy dùng must, phải xét tới cách dùng động từ khiếm khuyết suy câu hỏi phù hợp: - Nếu must cần thiết, câu hỏi dùng needn’t Ví dụ:They must go to the supermarket, needn’t they? - Nếu mustn’t cấm đốn câu hỏi dùng must Ví dụ:You mustn’t enter that zone, must you? (Cấm cậu không vào khu vực đó) - Nếu must dự đốn tại, câu hỏi phải dựa vào động từ theo sau must Ví dụ:He must be a very charming gentleman, isn’t he? - Nếu must dự đoán khứ (must + have + P2), câu hỏi đuôi dùng have - 10 - 20 On the trip to Japan two weeks ago, I ( picked/ took/ held/ got) a bit of Japanese like” Arigatou” which means “Thank you” IV Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets 1.Would you go to his party if he (invite) you? I ( help) you translate this text into French if we had a dictionary We (email) her if we had her address If I (have) the answer, I wouldn’t need to ask I’d probably buy a laptop if it (be) cheaper Where would you live if you (have) a choice? If they ( make) a film of grandfather’s life, which actor would play him? If the rooms were bigger, we ( buy) .larger furniture If you (have) 20 brothers and sisters, think how many birthday presents you (get) 10 If my father (not work) ., we (not have) enough money to live V Word form Housing and public transport need ( improvement) My grandparents prefer the of country living ( simple) Since the mid-20th century, English has been an .language of international organizations such as the United Nations (office) Computers offer a much greater degree of in the way work is organized (flexible) My history teacher has a vast………… …… of past events (know) Have you made up your mind? We need to know your …as soon as possible (decide) Juan speaks English fluently and makes very few mistakes (grammar) We need to find a to the problem as soon as possible (solve) What is the .between the ao dai nowadays and the one 100 years ago? ( different) 10 English is a foreign language in my country Everyone learns English today for different purposes ( popularity) VI Fill in each gap with an appropriate word from the box pick / translate / barrier / rusty / global / second / done / bilingual/ skills /variety My mother tongue is Vietnamese I use English as a language There is no language .between us We can understand easily thanks to English He can speak English but his listening and writing are poor I haven’t .any English exams so far He is in English and Japanese Indian English is just one of the English Language You would have the chance to .up some French if you joined our trip It is said that English is a language because people the world over use it The teacher asked me to .the passage into Vietnamese 10 If you don’t use your English often, it may be VII Complete the column with the corresponding form of the word provided - 79 - Adjective simple happy able familiar tired flexible 10 diverse 11 12 fresh Noun sadness popularity darkness creativity UNIT - PART - E9 I Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others 1.A office B official C accent D fluency 2.A competition B recognition C conversation D certificate 3.A dominance B estimate C imitate D breathtaking 4.A reasonable B guarantee C establishment D paradise 5.A multinational B pronunciation C communicate D multilingual II Choose the word which has different stress pattern from the others 1.A.bilingual B dominance C establishment D flexible 2.A fluent B openness C massive D immersion 3.A certificate B vowel C official D consonant 4.A global B touchdown C magnificence D factor 5.A.express B multinational C advise D review III.Word form His .to use English in different social context to achieve his communicative intentions is amazing ( able) His prevented him from hosting the book launch last week ( ill) British English, American English, Australian English and Singaporean English are several of English in the world ( varied) My English teacher often draws our attention to and differences between English and our mother tongue ( similar) He can grammar exercises well, but he can’t have a in English ( converse) How you this word? I just can’t say it right ( pronunciation) James is He uses English at work, but at home he speaks French as a native language ( language) He reads in English, and reading is how he learns English, especially how is his beautiful combinations of words or collocations come about ( wide) IV.Supply the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences - 80 - Last night my father (arrive) ……… home at 10:30 pm He (have) … a bath and then (go) …… to bed Tom suggested ………………… ………….to a nearby restaurant (go) What about ………………………………….by bus? (travel) It took the firemen ten minutes……………………….the driver from the fire ( free) If we pollute the water, we ……………………………….no fresh water to use (have) We ……………… …………….each other since we left school (not meet) Trang …………………………….the first prize in the English speaking contest (just win) Rice ………………………….………… in tropical countries (grow) This exercise must …………….…………… carefully (do) 10 If you ……………………a bike, I will give you a lift (not have) 11 This ……………………… to Peter when he was working in the library (happen) V Complete the sentences, using relative pronouns English is the language .is widely spoken in the world I’ve talked to the girl mother teaches you French Could you tell me the reason you didn’t sit for the IELTS exams? Our company wants to employ some people are bilingual in English and Japanese The university .he studies English is among top universities in Viet Nam English is the language vocabulary is the largest of all I’ll never forget the time I received my IELTS certificate Britain is the country my aunt and my uncle live That’s the boy I am waiting for 10 I like reading books tell about different people and their culture VI Combine each pair of sentences, using a relative clause 1.There are some words They are very difficult to translate 2.The man is a famous actor You met him at the party last night His house is big It is not very far from here That is the boy We took him to the theater last night 5.The student writes well I’ve read her composition 6.We lived in grandfather’s old house I told you about it 7.Ba lives on Trang Tien Street He likes playing the guitar We are looking for the girl and her dog They have lost the way in the forest The children often go swimming at weekends They have much free time - 81 - 10 Someone is waiting you outdoors He has looked for you for five days 11 Six students will be awarded a present Their test results are excellent 12 We moved to Dalat We lived there for nine years 13 I didn’t pass the exam Lack of practice is the reason for that 14 Yesterday I met Tom His son is cute 15 Her family moved to a new town Trees are planted along the street there 16 I watched a wonderful film Its plot is quite complex 17 It is a camping shop It has a lot of good equipment 18.The rescues operation was arranged by a charity organization It was a success 19 My uncle is a fire fighter He visited us last week 20 The storm started at o’clock this morning It caused a lot of damage VII Multiple choice My brother can speak a little bit of Spanish, but he is very (possible/ fluent/ bilingual/ good) in French When you read in English, sometimes you don’t know certain words Don’t stop to look them up in the dictionary Just ( look/ correct/ guess/ borrow) their meanings and move on I learn to write in English by ( imitating/ mastering/ guessing/ correcting) the way native speakers write through reading 4.He has been living in England for thirty years, so his Vietnamese isn’t good Sometimes we have to ( correct/ translate/ look up/ pick up) some Vietnamese words into English for him to understand I come across this word but I don’t know what it ( translates/ means/ imitates/ guesses) The way in which your voice rises and falls when you speak a language is ( pronunciation/ accent/ dialect / intonation) English has ( lent/ built/ borrowed/ corrected) words from other languages for centuries When my kids first arrived in the USA, they didn’t ( master/ speak/ talk/ sing) a word of English UNIT - PART - E9 I Supply the correct form of verb Her son (just design)…… …………… a new hospital in the suburb - 82 - The boys (rehearse)…… …… a play for their school show on TV at the moment Kim (tell)…………… .…… us some fairy tales tonight The house (destroy)… ……………………… by the horrible storm last week Some people (drink)… .………………… coffee every day John and I (be) …… .…… pen pals for many years We used (write) … ….…to each other every month when we (be) … at secondary school They (not/finish) ……… ……… their work yet What you (do) … …………… last weekend? 10 You (see) …………… …………………any good films recently? 11 My bicycle isn’t here … .….…….somebody (take) ………………………it? 12 How many times…………………you (be) ………… … to Van Mieu? II Read the passage and the exercise below: Like other languages, English is always changing, but it changes very slowly People invent new words, borrow words from other languages and change the meaning of words as needed For example, the English word “byte” was invented by a computer specialist in 1959 The word “tomato” was borrowed from Nahuati, an American Indian language spoken in Mexico The word “meat” once referred to food in general People learn English as well as languages by listening, copying what they hear, and using the language Most school children learn their first language easily and sometimes other languages as well Are the following statements (T) or false (F)? … ….English is changing very quickly … .…Some English words are borrowed from other languages … …Some English words are invented by computers … .…“Meat” meant food in general … .…One of the way to learn English is copying what you hear … .…It is not easy for children to learn their first language III Read the passage and answer the questions bellow It is necessary that we learn English, which is the international language Approximately 400 million people speak English as their first language About the same number use it as a second language It is an official language in 44 countries In many others it is the language of business, commerce and technology The English language enables us to complete our higher education The students who want to specialize in science, economics, medicine, law should know English, because most of the text-books in these fields are written in English It also helps us to improve our knowledge when we read newspapers and magazines written in English In the field of international trade, the English language enables us to transact business with businessmen from other countries How many people speak English as their first language? Is English a second language in forty-four countries? How can English help us in education? Does it help us to improve our knowledge when we read newspapers and magazines? Why should the students who want to specialize in science, economics, medicine and law know English? IV.There is ONE mistake in each sentence Pick it out and correct it Many English words have been simplify over the centuries … Which language is more spoken as the first language in the world? 3.Learning English has now been easier because the development of technology - 83 - She is fluent at English and French, which helps her career a lot 5.I want to widen my English vocabulary though I read a short story everyday Every time, Hoa watches movies she tries to imitating the accent of the casts Her father bought her a dictionary that she can look for new words 8.Typhoon is an English word it comes from Chinese If my pronunciation was bad, I will practice more often 10 My favourite singer has just published an album of his new songs V Rewrite the following in conditional sentences type or I don’t use English often so it becoming rusty.My………………… He is tired up so he can’t join us.If……………………………………… We can’t find a solution and things are getting worse.Things……………… We cancel the trip because the weather is bad.We……………………… I can’t read this book because it contains too may difficult words.If…………………… Thanks to these English videos, my English is better than before.IF……………… Chinese is too hard for me to learn.If………………………………………… Don’t go out in the rain because you’ll get wet.IF……………………………………… I can’t join the party because I have to study.If………………………… 10 I don’t have a watch, so I can’t tell you the time.IF…………………………… 11 Take a taxi or you’ll be late for the concert.IF……………………………… 12 Bring your umbrella or you’ll get wet IF………………………………………… 13 Studying hard will help you pass the exam easily.IF…………………… 14 Don’t waste too much water or we will have no fresh water to use in the future.IF……… 15 The child doesn’t talk to you because you look serious.The………………………………… 16 I feel depressed because the test results are disappointing.IF…………………………… VI Write a new sentence, as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence, using the word given She learned a few words of German last month (up) Duong’s siter can speak Italian very well (in) She can speak both Vietnamese and English perfectly (bilingual) He can speak basic French (get) Nam hasn’t practiced his English for ages ( rusty) VII Wordform An oral test aims to test your speaking ability and is one of the criteria ( fluent) There are ways of solving problem ( variety ) Is Buddhism religion of India? ( office) I have to use English to my idea ( expression) She is working in an bank, so her listening and writing skills need to be improved (nation) UNIT 10 - PART I Give the meaning of the following words or phrases - astronaut : …………… ; float: ……… habitable:…… ………………… - launch: ………… .; meteorite: …… … microgravity: ……… .……… - 84 - - orbit: ……………… satellite: … ….… ; spacecraft: …… … … - spacesuit: ………… ; telescope: … …….; universe: …… ……… - parabolic flight: …… ; rocket: ………… …….; attach: ……… II Choose the word which has different stress pattern from the others 1.A astronaut B astronomy C astronomer D astrology 2.A satellite B microgravity C orbit D meteorite 3.A rinseless B attach C habitable D galaxy 4.A operate B mission C rocket D condition 5.A maintenance B perhaps C spacecraft D scuba 6.A emergency B bachelor C planet D giant 7.A collection B champion C comet D atmosphere III Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others 1.A astronaut B attach C land D satellite 2.A spacecraft B operate C habitable D station 3.A meteorite B rocket C telescope D equal 4.A pilot B millionaire C spaceline D satellite 5.A travel B crazy C parabolic D galaxy IV Multiple choice 1.A _ (rocket / spacecraft / meteorite) is a piece of rock from outer space that hits the earth’s surface 2.That is the washing machine _ (which / who / whom) my parents bought last month 3.They seem to be very _ (keen / fond / afraid) on space travel 4.The age of _ (the / a / an) earth is reckoned at about 4.600 million years 5.They showed me the place _(when/ which/ where) the spacecraft landed last week The satellite _( where/ that/ why) was launched into space yesterday belongs to Viet Nam David introduced me to the woman _ (whom/ who/ whose) husband is working for NASA A _(rocket/ spacecraft/ meteorite) is a vehicle, with or without people inside, used for travel in space With a _( telescope/ satellite/ spacecraft) you can have a great experience watching the stars 10 An _(altitude/ astronaut/ astronomy) is a person who has been trained to work in space 11 An (altitude/ astronaut/ astronomy) is the science that studies the universe and its objects 12 It takes 365.256 days for Earth to _(land/ launch/ orbit) the Sun 13 Have you ever experienced ( weight/ weightless/ weightlessness)? 14 How often you play football?- (Out of this world / Over the moon/ Once in a blue moon) 15 A ( rocket/ telescope/ meteorite) is shaped like a tube and moves very fast It helps a space shuttle to be sent into space 16 An astronaut has to pass a swimming test in (a flight suit/ good health/ microgravity) 17 Neil Armstrong became the first human to walk _( on the moon/ in the moon/ over the moon) 18 The cake you bought yesterday was (out of this world/ over the moon/ the sky’s limit)! It was so delicious 19 She was ( out of this world/ over the moon/ the sky’s limit) because she’d won the scholarship 20 We had a good time last summer in Mui Ne it was a/an ( out of this world/ over the moon/ the sky’s limit) 21 A spacewalk occurs _(who/ what/ when) an astronaut gets out of a vehicle while in space to science experiments, or conduct repairs 22 How many ( spaces/ Mars/ planets) orbit the sun? 23 Astronauts work in (weightless/ weightlessness/ weight) conditions - 85 - 24 The children are over the _( sun/ moon/ stars) about the picnic 25 I enjoyed the party so much The food was out of this _ (space/ world/ galaxy) 26 Pham Tuan was the first Vietnamese (astronomy/ astronomic/ astronaut) to fly into space 27 The climate on Mars is unsuitable (to/ for/ of) human life 28 The climate on the other planets is very different _(from/ to/ on) that on Earth 29 Rosetta is a land-breaking space mission to ( land/ launch/ operate) on a comet 30 He has to experience _( macrogravity/ microgravition/ microgravity) before becoming a professional astronaut V Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets (not worry) ! I can come round and help you immediately (you/ play) music up there? It’s really noisy It (rain) heavily now Please put on your raincoat 4.We (not/ decide) what to get Mark for his birthday yet Kate (go) to the sports club every Saturday morning 6.– “This suitcase is too heavy.” – “Really? I ……………………… (help) you.” (you/see) .Fast and Furious on TV last night? 8.Harry ( wash) his car while Daisy (read) a book His first book (translate) into many languages 10 We’ve spent a lot of time (wander) around the ancient town VI Put the verb in the correct tense, past simple or past perfect He (take) an English course before he (immigrate) to the USA By the time the rocket (be) launched, everything (be) .carefully prepared When I (arrive) home, I (see) no one They (lock) the door and (go) out She ( meet) him again last night They (not/ meet) each other for two years Before Dennis Tito (fly) into space, he (already take) a long training course When I (get) off, I discovered I ( leave) .my bag on the bus When Virgin Galactic (be) founded in 2004, the first tourist (fly) Into space three years before, in 2001 He said he ( submit) .the application and was waiting for the interview I (not attend) any parties since I (com) here 10 The field of astronomy (advance) a lot in the twentieth century VII Word form Never try to look at an eclipse of the Sun without proper eye (protect) The of things in space is influenced by gravity (move) accepted as astronaut candidates report to Houston, Texas for training by NASA ( apply) Humans are tiny in .to Earth ( compare) There are several reasons we don’t feel Earth’s (rotate) Astronauts can use hot water to make hot meals that are tasty and (nutrition) Eventually, scientists developed better, .foods that were easier to eat (taste) Would you be .to give up some of your favourite foods for the chance to go go outer space? ( will) All over the world, children of different cultures and stare at the sky and wonder (nation) 10 Their imaginations are as as the universe itself (limit) 11 The Solar System is full of material left over from the .of the planets (form) IIX.Úse the past perfect or past simple to complete the passage Helen Sharman, the first Briton in space, (1 be)….born on May 30th 1963 in Sheffield, England Before becoming an astronaut, Helen (2 work) ………… as a technical research engineer for the Mars chocolate company In 1989, she (3 hear) an advertisement - 86 - for astronauts on the radio, and (4 apply) for the job Helen (5 choose) as one of the final four candidates out of over 13,000 other applicants She (6 send) to the Mir space station in May 1991 for eight days to conduct scientific experiments after she (7 complete) her 18 months of astronaut training in Moscow, Russia IX Complete the sentences, using the words form the box mission control / atmosphere / orbit / mission / crew / station / satellite/ astronauts On January 28th , 1986 the space shuttle Challenger was launched with a (1) of seven on board Its (2) was to carry a (3) that would orbit the Earth But just 73 seconds after leaving the ground, it lost contact with (4) and exploded, killing all seven (5) On February 1st , 2003, the space shuttle Columbia broke into small pieces as it reentered the Earth’s (6) it was returning from the International Space (7) , which is in (8) around the Earth X Read the text and choose the best answers Earth, our beautiful home planet, is the only astronomical object to accommodate life as we know it Scientists believe Earth was formed approximately 4.5 billion years ago It is the fifth-largest planet in our solar system Its equatorial diameter is about 12,074 kilometres Earth is the third-closest planet to the sun The distance from Earth to the sun is roughly 149,600,000 kilometres It takes 365.3 days for Earth to orbit the sun, and 24 hours to rotate on its axis The surface temperature ranges from -88 to 58oC Nearly 70 percent of Earth’s surface is covered by ocean, which has an average depth of about kilometres In 2015 it was estimated that 7.3 billion humans are living on Earth As we know it, Earth is the only planet that accommodates life It is A habitable B habitual C habitat There are planets between Earth and the sun A two B three C four In our solar system, planets are larger than Earth A two B three C four The hottest place on Earth may have the temperature of A -88oC B 58oC C 40oC It takes for Earth to rotate on its axis A one year B one month C one day Most of Earth’s surface is covered by A ocean B mountain C Forest XI Combine the two sentences using defining relative clauses He read the poem to us The poem has been translated into several languages  The poem What did you with the money? Your grandparents gave it to you  What I used a credit card to buy a computer game The game is called ‘ Mars Mystique Mission’  I I met the girl in the library I’ve told you about this girl  I They work for a company The company offers space tourism  The company The couple are from Ireland The couple have just moved in next door  The couple - 87 - 7.The musician is Canadian He wrote this story  The The person wasn’t there She had sold the book  The The book has disappeared It has all the answers  The 10 The house stood by the river We bought it  The 11 What’s the name of the scientist? He has won the Nobel Prize  What’s 12 Most of the people are nice They work in my office  Most 13 Would you tell me the reasons? Astronauts go on spacewalks for those reasons Would 14 He became one of the test pilots Test pilots try out new aircraft He 15 He was greatly impressed by the earth’s beauty It was quite strange to him He 16 That is the room The meeting is held in that room That 17 New Year’s Day is a day All family members gather and enjoy a family dinner then New 18 You can’t enjoy hiking in winter Snow covers everything in winter You 19 The woman is our form teacher She is sitting next to the table The 20 The shirt is beautiful It was made by Miss Lien last week The XII.Writing It’s a wasteful way you throw those clothes away If I were you, 2.Bring a map with you or you will get lost If you don’t …………………… ………………… If he does not take some warm clothes, he’ll get a cold Unless 4.Make me some coffee and I’ll give you one of my biscuits If 5.A girl was injured in the accident She is now in hospital The girl Here is the book You asked me to buy it for you Here 7.I saw the girl She helped us last week 8.We haven’t met Mr Brown for four months We last UNIT 11 - PART I Give the meaning of the following words or phrases: - 88 - - application: ……… ……… ; attendance: ……… ……… ; breadwinner: - burden: ……………; facilitate: … ; financial: ……… - hands-on: ……………; individually-oriented: … ; vision: ……… - sector: ………; responsive: ………… …….; role: ………… - male-dominated: ……… ; sole: ………………… …; tailor: ………… II Choose the word which has different stress pattern from the others 1.A vision B believe C system D railway 2.A apart B process C facilitator D provider 3.A drastically B absolutely C externally D benefit 4.A moment B cover C certain D apply 5.A interactive B necessarily C support D participate III Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others 1.A invite B vision C require D provide 2.A forum B absolute C discuss D education 3.A process B role C moment D cover 4.A breadwinner B teach C increase D 5.A application B absolutely C participate D advantageous IV Multiple choice 1.He is the ( founder/ founded/ foundation/ founding) of this organization The journalist is interviewing (ordinal/ ordinance/ ordinate/ ordinary) people he meets on the street about their opinion of the new policy She is the (virtually/ virtue/ virtuously/ virtual) chairman of our company Bill wants to find a job to be (finance/ financially/ financial/ financing) independent of his parents Male-(domination/ dominate/ dominated/ dominant) is considered normal in career like the police and the military My ant likes going to this beauty (contest/ spot/ salon/ place) to beautify and relax herself It is expected in Viet Nam that husbands should be the (cakewinner/ breadwinner/ ricewinner/ soupwinner) who plays the main roles of financial supporter in the family Liz prefers being (extensionally/ intentionally/ externally/ internally) employed to being a housewife when she gets married in the future Dan has a great (sense/ heart/ mind/ soul) of humour He always makes everyone laugh a lot by his jokes 10 he doesn’t want to travel to (distant/ near/ far/ deep) areas on business because of the inconvenience and poverty 11 With the (participation/ involvement/ attendance/ including) of women in heavy industries, those fiels will no longer be male-dominated 12 Dan absolutely relied (of/ to/ in/ on) Khang so he didn’t ask for more specific information of their trip 13 My uncle, (which/ who/ whom/ whose) job requires travelling abroad a lot, rarely stays at home looking after his son 14 His wife gave birth to twins so he has allowed to (take/ hold/ get/ receive) paid leave to take care of his family 15 The change of women’s role in family also affects the (socio/ society/ social/ sociable) economic picture of our country 16 In the future, both school and society will be the (examiners/ evaluators/ providers/ directors) which decide whether a student has ability to enter university 17 Liz has the same (sight/ vision/ look/ watch( of becoming an engineer as her sister - 89 - 18 learning in this school is hands - (in/ up/ out/ on) because students have a lot of opportunities to practice what they learn in their real life 19 Everyone has the same opinion about women’s role in society, (expect/ different/ apart/ distinguish) from him 20 Modern fathers who stay at home being a househusband may have a closer (link/ connection/ combination/ relationship) with their children V Verb form In the next future, e-books (replace) paper books in school She (take) to the hospital next week Bob (arrive) here three weeks ago I hope you (meet) a lot of interesting people when you travelled in Thailand By the end of last week, professor Williams (give) our class five testes Mickey Mouse cartoons …………………………… in sixty languages (translate) She always (not tell)…… .…… …….the truth 8.The Bakers (have)……………………………breakfast at 7.00 last Sunday How long (she /study)………… .………… Chinese? 10 If you (stop) working, you would behind others 11 If she ( not hurry)………… ., she may be late 12 At this time next week, we (live)… .…………… in USA VI Complete the sentences with the words/phrases in the box externally / vision / hands-on / male-dominated / ahead of/ emotional / financially / responsive to Employees with good performance will be promoted, which means they will get a higher salary and will benefit Mothers are often the ones who provide support for the family Field trips will make learning more real life The lessons will certainly be more practical and when they are conducted in a real environment In a society, women are often prevented from doing normal things such as going to university, or getting a job Few people can say that day have a clear of their future A health farm should be well-designed, both internally and I believe that the tourist industry in Asian countries will be other continents in twenty years’ time VII Match the verbs with their definitions Words Definitions KEY participate predict evaluate attend a help or encourage somebody in their ideas/work b be present at an event like a class or a wedding c take part in an activity d make changes to something to make it fit a new purpose develop e say that something will happen in the future tailor f form an opinion about me quality of something support g grow to be bigger and stronger VIII Use the words in II- in their correct forms to complete the sentences Can you make a about the role of the post office in thirty year’s time? - 90 - Visitors to the safari park will be asked to fill in an sheet This is intended to improve the quality of the service I hope that the figures for the exhibition A Look into the Future will be high, and include many people of different ages The of basic skills like how to cross the street, or what to when you get lost, must be carefully taught at primary school in these social activities will promote a sense of responsibility in children Why you think that the of the curriculum to each particular class is necessary? Several major companies are the project IX Put a comma in the right places in the following sentences Kenya which is a country in East Africa has a regular increase in the number of women entering universities My school where the English-speaking contest will take place next week will celebrate its 40th anniversary Da Nang which many people call a livable city lies on the Han River Have you ever seen a kiwi which is native to New Zealand? This play which will be put on next Saturday was written by William Shakespeare This book is on the First World War which lasted years from 1914to 1918 Nguyen Du who wrote the Story of Kieu is a great Vietnamese poet Everyone has ever heard of Albert Einstein who developed the theory of relativity More people from the countryside are pouring into Delhi where they hope to find a job 10 The problem of urbanisation which is not new to developing countries is not easy to solve 11 The report shows changes which will take place in the next decade 12 The computer and projector that have been installed in the meeting hall are presents from the For a Better Life organisation 13.The ancient Greeks who loved the spoken word were very good at public speaking and drama 14 Nobody who watched the match ever for0got it 15 I want to get back my diary which is of great value to me 16 Neil Armstrong who was the first person to walk on the Moon was an American astronaut X Join these sentences using relative pronouns beginning with the words given Add commas if necessary Mr Smith said he was too busy to speak to me I had come specially to see him Mr Smith I missed the train I usually catch this train I I saw several houses Most of them were quite unsuitable I This is a story of a group of boys Their plane crashed on an uninhabited island This He introduced me to his students Most of them were from abroad He My school is very big It is in Da Nang My school She climbed to the top of the Monument to see the wonderful view She had been told about the view She I was given this address by a man I met his man on a train - 91 - I A man answered the phone He said Tom was out A man 10 I bought this cake yesterday It tastes delicious The cake 11 This is the house My mother bought it years ago This 12 I’ve just spoken to Sally She sends you her love I’ve 13 The house is mine Its doors are yellow The house 14 Emma Stone is an actress She plays Mia in La La Land Emma Stone 15 Emma Stone is an American actress She plays Mia in La La Land Emma Stone 16 Michael is an astronaut His father is a scientist Michael XI Change the following into the passive 1.They had destroyed all the documents when they arrived 2.They are painting the house 3.She was doing the homework at that time yesterday 4.I have to return these books to the library 5.She arranges books on the shelf This dramatic change will greatly affect our country’s economy In ten year’s time, we will witness dramatic changes in society thanks to technological advances Abuse of antibiotics will endanger your health 9.My father plants the trees in the garden 10.They will produce a lot of bottles of champagne XII.Find the mistakes : He wishes he knows the answer A B C D I wish you will come with me now A B C D They just bought a new house in the countryside A B C D He is using the phone when I needed it A B C D The Browns lived in London for tweenty years A B C D - 92 - My mother usually cook dinner for the family A B C D This book wrote for children last year A B C D His classmate waited for him since o’clock A B C D They read those interesting books many times A B C D 10.The students have the final test next month A B C D 11.At that time,we was playing soccer with Ba in the yard A B C D 12 While they were cutting grass,the girls water the garden A B C D 13 Her classmates invited to the party by Lan last week A B C D 14 That old building should repaired by these workers A B C D 15 Coffee are made for her parents every day A B C D 16 Lan wishes her brother doesn’t get a lot of bad marks A B C D - 93 - ... động từ trung gian say tell Ví dụ: + He said (that) he was ill (Anh nói anh bị bệnh.) + He told me (that) he was ill (Anh nói với tơi anh bị bệnh.) - Sau tell ta dùng nhiều loại mệnh đề cụm từ khác... nghĩa - Nó sử dụng danh từ danh từ xác định ngăn cách với mệnh đề hai dấu phẩy (,) hay dấu gạch ngang (-) - Tiền ngữ mệnh đề xác định rõ ràng (danh từ riêng, tên người, vật, trước danh từ có tính... ngữ, theo sau cụm từ danh từ danh động từ *Cấu trúc: on account of/because of/due to + V-ing/N + S +V Hoặc Mệnh đề 1(S+V…….) + on account of/because of/due to + V-ing/N ( N danh từ) Ví dụ: Mr Jones