;-_=_Scrolldown to the Underground_=_-; Perl in a Nutshell http://kickme.to/tiger/ By Ellen Siever, Stephen Spainhour & Nathan Patwardhan; ISBN 1-56592-286-7, 674 pages First Edition, December 1998 (See the catalog page for this book.) Search the text of Perl in a Nutshell Index Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Table of Contents Preface Part I: Getting Started Chapter 1: Introduction to Perl Chapter 2: Installing Perl Part II: Language Basics Chapter 3: The Perl Interpreter Chapter 4: The Perl Language Chapter 5: Function Reference Chapter 6: Debugging Part III: Modules Chapter 7: Packages, Modules, and Objects Chapter 8: Standard Modules Part IV: CGI Chapter 9: CGI Overview Chapter 10: The CGI.pm Module Chapter 11: Web Server Programming with mod_perl Part V: Databases Chapter 12: Databases and Perl Part VI: Network Programming Chapter 13: Sockets Chapter 14: Email Connectivity Chapter 15: Usenet News Chapter 16: FTP Chapter 17: The LWP Library Part VII: Perl/Tk Chapter 18: Perl/Tk Part VIII: Win32 Chapter 19: Win32 Modules and Extensions Chapter 20: PerlScript Copyright © 1999 O'Reilly & Associates All Rights Reserved Preface Preface Contents: How This Book Is Organized Typographical Conventions How to Contact Us Acknowledgments Perl is a programming language that is useful By this, we mean that people don't learn Perl just because they think they should, they learn Perl because they want to get something done This book is for Perl programmers who need to get things done It's for readers who have dabbled a little in Perl and want a single reference for all their needs This book is part reference, part guide to the world of Perl We cover the language itself, but also the Perl modules that are most popular - modules for CGI, database manipulation, network programming, graphical interfaces, and Win32 integration How This Book Is Organized This book has eight parts, as follows: Part I, Getting Started Chapter 1, Introduction to Perl, gets you oriented to Perl and the Perl community Chapter 2, Installing Perl, gives you some pointers on getting Perl and its modules installed on your machine This chapter introduces you to the CPAN archive and discusses using the CPAN module to retrieve the latest versions of Perl modules Part II, Language Basics Chapter 3, The Perl Interpreter, is about using the perl program itself It covers environment variables, command-line options, and the differences in executing the Unix and Win32 versions of Perl Chapter 4, The Perl Language, is the turbo-charged tutorial/reference to the Perl language If you've never programmed before, then you might need a tutorial that goes more slowly But if you have some experience with other programming languages, this chapter should teach you enough to start writing Perl programs Chapter 5, Function Reference, is a reference chapter for each of the built-in functions to Perl Chapter 6, Debugging, is about using the Perl debugger to help locate the rare errors in your programs Part III, Modules Chapter 7, Packages, Modules, and Objects, gives a quick introduction to Perl packages, Perl modules, and object-oriented programming in Perl Chapter 8, Standard Modules, is a reference to each of the modules included in the standard Perl distribution Part IV, CGI Chapter 9, CGI Overview, is a brief introduction to the concepts behind CGI programming Chapter 10, The CGI.pm Module, covers the very popular CGI.pm module, which is deemed essential by many CGI programmers Chapter 11, Web Server Programming with mod_perl, is about mod_perl, the Apache module that can be used to significantly improve CGI performance and also allows you to embed Perl code into the Apache server itself Part V, Databases Chapter 12, Databases and Perl, gives a brief introduction to DBM databases in Perl, and provides a reference to DBI, the Database Independence package that gives you a consistent interface to many different database packages Part VI, Network Programming Chapter 13, Sockets, explains socket programming and how to use the IO:Socket module Chapter 14, Email Connectivity, covers the Net::SMTP and Net::POP3 modules for sending and reading email, and also the Mail modules for manipulating email messages Chapter 15, Usenet News, explains the NNTP protocol and the Net::NNTP module for reading and posting Usenet news, and the News::Newsrc module for managing newsrc files Chapter 16, FTP, explains the FTP protocol, the Net::FTP module for transferring files by FTP, and the Net::Netrc module for managing netrc files Chapter 17, The LWP Library, covers the most commonly used parts of the huge LWP library of modules for HTTP transactions Part VII, Perl/Tk Chapter 18, Perl/Tk, is a reference to the Tk extension to Perl, for creating graphical user interfaces from within a Perl program Part VIII, Win32 Chapter 19, Win32 Modules and Extensions, talks about the many Perl modules for working with the Win32 operating systems Chapter 20, PerlScript, is about the ActiveX scripting tool, which is loosely based on Perl Typographical Conventions [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Preface Typographical Conventions Italics are used for filenames, program names, URLs, command-line options, email addresses, replaceable text in syntax lines, and to introduce new terms Letter Gothic is used for code snippets, method and function names, text to be typed literally, variables, constants, mail headers, and configuration directives Letter Gothic italics are used for replaceable items in code examples How This Book Is Organized How to Contact Us [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Preface How to Contact Us We have tested and verified the information in this book to the best of our ability, but you may find that features have changed (or even that we have made mistakes!) Please let us know about any errors you find, as well as your suggestions for future editions, by writing to: O'Reilly & Associates, Inc 101 Morris Street Sebastopol, CA 95472 1-800-998-9938 (in the U.S or Canada) 1-707-829-0515 (international/local) 1-707-829-0104 (FAX) You can also send us messages electronically To be put on the mailing list or request a catalog, send email to: info@oreilly.com To ask technical questions or comment on the book, send email to: bookquestions@oreilly.com We have a web site for the book, where we'll list errata and any plans for future editions You can access this page at: http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlnut/ Typographical Conventions Acknowledgments [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Preface Acknowledgments Many thanks to everyone who helped out on this book Thanks to Larry Wall, Randal Schwartz, Tom Christiansen, and Sriram Srinivasan for their excellent books on Perl Some material in this book is adapted from theirs; for that, we are very grateful Thanks also to all the reviewers of this book, who include Randal Schwartz, Tom Christiansen, Graham Barr, Clinton Wong, and Erik Olson Without their help, this book wouldn't be nearly as helpful as it is We'd like to thank Linda Mui, our editor, and Val Quercia, who kept us on track, for all their support Finally, since this book shares the camel image with Programming Perl, it occurs to us that someone might confuse it with the True Camel So let's try to nip that in the bud: if you insist on giving this book a cute animal-related nickname, we encourage you to call it the "Camel head" or "Camel nut" or something else that makes the difference clear How to Contact Us I Getting Started [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Part I Part I: Getting Started Chapter 1: Introduction to Perl Chapter 2: Installing Perl Acknowledgments Introduction to Perl [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Unix-domain sockets : 13 Sockets Unix systems #! (shebang) line : The Perl Interpreter command processing : 3.1 Command Processing installing Perl on : 2.3.1 Installing on Unix unless modifier : 4.3.1.4 Modifiers unless statement : 4.3.1 Conditionals and Loops unlink() : Chapter 5, Reference: unlink unmark() (News::Newsrc) : Chapter 15, Reference: unmark unmark_list() (News::Newsrc) : Chapter 15, Reference: unmark_list unmark_range() (News::Newsrc) : Chapter 15, Reference: unmark_range unmarked_articles() (News::Newsrc) : Chapter 15, Reference: unmarked_articles unpack() : Chapter 5, Reference: unpack unpack_sockaddr_in() (Socket) : Chapter 13, Reference: unpack_sockaddr_in unpack_sockaddr_un() (Socket) : Chapter 13, Reference: unpack_sockaddr_un unpacking Perl source code 2.3.1 Installing on Unix 2.3.2.2 Standard Perl distribution unpost() (Menu widget) : 18.15.2 Menu Methods unsafe operations, allowing : 3.2 Command-Line Options unshift() : Chapter 5, Reference: unshift unsub_groups() (News::Newsrc) : Chapter 15, Reference: unsub_groups unsubscribe() (News::Newsrc) : Chapter 15, Reference: unsubscribe untie() : Chapter 5, Reference: untie until modifier : 4.3.1.4 Modifiers until statement : 4.3.1.1 while loops update_message() (Mail::Folder) : Chapter 14, Reference: update_message URI modules : 17.5 The URI Module URI::Escape : 17.5 The URI Module URI::Heuristic : 17.5 The URI Module URI::URL : 17.5.2 URI::URL URI::URL module : 17.1 LWP Overview URIs (Universal Resource Identifiers) : 17.1 LWP Overview url() CGI.pm module : Chapter 10, Reference: url HTTP::Daemon module : Chapter 17, Reference: url HTTP::Request module : Chapter 17, Reference: url URLs (uniform resource locators) (see also Win32 modules, Win32::Internet module) Chapter 19, Reference: CanonicalizeURL encoding : 9.2 URL Encoding extra path information : 9.3 Extra Path Information URI::URL module 17.1 LWP Overview 17.5.2 URI::URL use directives Packages, Modules, and Objects 7.2 Modules use English : 4.4 Special Variables use integer : 4.5.3 Arithmetic Operators use Socket : 13.1.1 Initializing a Socket use_alarm() (LWP::UserAgent) : Chapter 17, Reference: use_alarm use_named_parameters() (CGI.pm) : Chapter 10, Reference: use_named_parameters Usenet news : 15 Usenet News Net::News module : 15.2 Net::NNTP News::Newsrc module : 15.3 The News::Newsrc Module Usenet newsgroups, Perl-related : 1.4.1 The comp.lang.perl.* Newsgroups use() : Chapter 5, Reference: use user() Mail::Address module Chapter 14, Reference: user 14.2.6 Parse Email Addresses with Mail::Address Net::POP3 module Chapter 14, Reference: user 14.1.3 Retrieving Email with Net::POP3 URI::URL module : Chapter 17, Reference: user USER command (POP3) : 14.1.3 Retrieving Email with Net::POP3 User::grent module : 8.164 User::grent User() (Mail::POP3Client) : Chapter 14, Reference: User User::pwent module : 8.165 User::pwent user_agent() (CGI.pm) : Chapter 10, Reference: user_agent user_name() (CGI.pm) : Chapter 10, Reference: user_name UserAgent object 17.1 LWP Overview 17.2 The LWP Modules 17.2.3 LWP::UserAgent UserAgent() (Win32::Internet) : Chapter 19, Reference: UserAgent UserCreate() (Win32::NetAdmin) : Chapter 19, Reference: UserCreate Username() (Win32::Internet) : Chapter 19, Reference: Username users, fetching information on : 5.1 Perl Functions by Category utime() : Chapter 5, Reference: utime Search | Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Copyright © 1999 O'Reilly & Associates, Inc All Rights Reserved [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Search | Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Index: V V command (Perl debugger) : Chapter 6, Reference: V v command (Perl debugger) : Chapter 6, Reference: v -V option (dprofpp) : 6.5 The Perl Profiler -v option (dprofpp) : 6.5 The Perl Profiler -v option (perlbug) : 6.6 The perlbug Program -v option (perl) : 3.2 Command-Line Options -V option (perl) : 3.2 Command-Line Options valof() (Win32::OLE) : Chapter 19, Reference: valof -value option Menubutton widget : 18.14.1 Menu Item Options Radiobutton widget : 18.6 The Radiobutton Widget Value() (Win32::OLE::Variant) : Chapter 19, Reference: Value values() : Chapter 5, Reference: values -variable option Checkbutton widget : 18.5 The Checkbutton Widget Menubutton widget : 18.14.1 Menu Item Options Optionmenu widget : 18.16 The Optionmenu Widget Radiobutton widget : 18.6 The Radiobutton Widget Scale widget : 18.13 The Scale Widget variables : 4.2.4 Variables declaration and scope 4.2.6 Declarations and Scope 4.7.4 Private and Local Variables scoping functions : 5.1 Perl Functions by Category local vs private 4.2.6 Declarations and Scope 4.7.4 Private and Local Variables pattern match variables : 4.6.7 Pattern Match Variables scalar and list context : 4.2.5 Scalar and List Contexts special (predefined) : 4.4 Special Variables Variant data structure : 19.18.4 Win32::OLE::Variant vars module : 8.166 vars vec() : Chapter 5, Reference: vec verbatim paragraphs (pod) : 4.11 Pod -verbose option (perlcc) : 3.4 The Perl Compiler verify() (Net::SMTP) : Chapter 14, Reference: verify Version() (Win32::Internet) : Chapter 19, Reference: Version versions of Perl obtaining current : 2.1 The CPAN Architecture printing : 3.2 Command-Line Options for Win32 systems : 2.3.2 Installing on Win32 versions of Perl modules : 2.4.1 Locating modules vertical bar (|) format fieldholders : 4.10 Formats OR bitwise operator : 4.5.10 Bitwise Operators Perl debugger command : Chapter 6, Reference: | regular expression metacharacter : 4.6.2 Regular Expression Syntax |= (assignment) operator : 4.5.6 Assignment Operators || (logical OR) operator : 4.5.9 Logical Operators || Perl debugger command : Chapter 6, Reference: || ||= (assignment) operator : 4.5.6 Assignment Operators virtual web documents : 9.1.2 Creating Virtual Documents -visual option Frame widget : 18.17 The Frame Widget toplevel widget : 18.18 The Toplevel Widget vmsish module : 8.167 vmsish Search | Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Copyright © 1999 O'Reilly & Associates, Inc All Rights Reserved [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Search | Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Index: W \W (nonword) character class : 4.6.4 Character Classes \w (word) character class : 4.6.4 Character Classes w command (Perl debugger) : Chapter 6, Reference: w -w file test operator : 4.5.8 File Test Operators -W file test operator : 4.5.8 File Test Operators -w option (perl) : 3.2 Command-Line Options wait() : Chapter 5, Reference: wait Win32::ChangeNotification module : Chapter 19, Reference: wait Win32::Mutex module : Chapter 19, Reference: wait Win32::Semaphore module : Chapter 19, Reference: wait Wait() (Win32::Process) : Chapter 19, Reference: Wait waitpid() : Chapter 5, Reference: waitpid Wall, Larry : 1.2 Perl Development wantarray() : Chapter 5, Reference: wantarray warn() Chapter 5, Reference: warn 4.9 Filehandles HTML::Parser module : Chapter 17, Reference: warn Warn attribute (DBI) : 12.2.3 Database Handles and Statement Handles $WARNING ($^W) variable : 4.4.1 Global Special Variables warnings when running scripts : 3.2 Command-Line Options web access, LWP library for : (see LWP library) web client, creating : 17.2.2 LWP::Simple web documents, virtual : 9.1.2 Creating Virtual Documents web server programming : 11 Web Server Programming with mod_perl while loops : 4.3.1.1 while loops while modifier : 4.3.1.4 Modifiers whitespace encoding into URLs : 9.2 URL Encoding in Perl programs : 4.1 Program Structure \S (non-whitespace) character class : 4.6.4 Character Classes \s (whitespace) character class : 4.6.4 Character Classes suppressing in formatted output : 4.10 Formats widgets (Perl/Tk) : 18.1 Widgets callbacks : 18.1.3 Callbacks colors and fonts : 18.1.4 Colors and Fonts common configuration options : 18.3 Common Widget Configuration Options geometry managers for : 18.2 Geometry Managers scrollbars : 18.1.2 Scrollbars widget methods : 18.1.1 Widget Methods -width option : 18.3 Common Widget Configuration Options place geometry manager : 18.2.3 The Place Geometry Manager wildcards for regular expressions : 4.6.2 Regular Expression Syntax anchors : 4.6.5 Anchors character classes : 4.6.4 Character Classes escaped sequences : 4.6.3 Escaped Sequences quantifiers : 4.6.6 Quantifiers Win32 modules : 19 Win32 Modules and Extensions Win32::ChangeNotification module : 19.3 Win32::ChangeNotification Win32::Clipboard module : 19.1 Win32::Clipboard Win32::Console module : 19.2 Win32::Console Win32::Eventlog module : 19.4 Win32::Eventlog Win32::File module : 19.5 Win32::File Win32::FileSecurity module : 19.6 Win32::FileSecurity Win32::Internet module : 19.7 Win32::Internet Win32::IPC module : 19.8 Win32::IPC Win32::Mutex module : 19.9 Win32::Mutex Win32::NetAdmin module : 19.10 Win32::NetAdmin Win32::NetResource module : 19.11 Win32::NetResource Win32::OLE modules : 19.18 OLE Automation Win32::OLE::Const module : 19.18.5 Win32::OLE::Const Win32::OLE::Enum module : 19.18.3 Win32::OLE::Enum Win32::OLE::Variant module : 19.18.4 Win32::OLE::Variant Win32::Process module : 19.12 Win32::Process Win32::Registry module : 19.13 Win32::Registry Win32::Semaphore module : 19.14 Win32::Semaphore Win32::Service module : 19.15 Win32::Service Win32::Shortcut module : 19.16 Win32::Shortcut Win32:AbortSystemShutdown() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:BuildNumber() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:DomainName() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:ExpandEnvironmentStrings() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:FormatMessage() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:FsType() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:GetCwd() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:GetLastError() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:GetNextAvailDrive() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:GetOSVersion() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:GetShortPathName() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:GetTickCount() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:InitiateSystemShutdown() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:IsWin95() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:IsWinNT() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:LoginName() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:LookupAccountName() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:LookupAccountSID() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:NodeName() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:OLELastError() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:RegisterServer() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:SetCwd() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:Sleep() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:Spawn() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32:UnregisterServer() : 19.17 Win32 Extensions Win32 systems command processing : 3.1 Command Processing installing Perl on : 2.3.2 Installing on Win32 window() (Text widget) : 18.11.2 Text Methods Window() (Win32::Console) : Chapter 19, Reference: Window Windows clipboard : 19.1 Win32::Clipboard with() (Win32::OLE) : Chapter 19, Reference: with withdraw() (Frame widget) : 18.18.1 Toplevel Methods WNetGetLastError() (Win32::NetResource) : Chapter 19, Reference: WNetGetLastError wordstart, wordend modifiers (Text widget) : 18.11.1 Text Indexes and Modifiers -wrap option (Text) : 18.11 The Text Widget -wraplength option (widgets) : 18.3 Common Widget Configuration Options wrapping text : 8.147 Text::Wrap write() Chapter 5, Reference: write 4.10 Formats document object (PerlScript) 20.1 Client-Side PerlScript 20.1.1.1 Document methods Write() Response object, PerlScript : 20.2.2.3 Response methods Win32::Console module : Chapter 19, Reference: Write WriteAttr() (Win32::Console) : Chapter 19, Reference: WriteAttr WriteChar() (Win32::Console) : Chapter 19, Reference: WriteChar WriteInput() (Win32::Console) : Chapter 19, Reference: WriteInput writeLn() (document object, PerlScript) : 20.1.1.1 Document methods WriteRect() (Win32::Console) : Chapter 19, Reference: WriteRect www.perl.com and www.perl.org sites : 1.4.4 www.perl.com Search | Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Copyright © 1999 O'Reilly & Associates, Inc All Rights Reserved [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Search | Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Index: X x (grid geometry manager placeholder) : 18.2.2 The grid Geometry Manager x (string repetition) operator : 4.5.11.4 String operator X command (Perl debugger) : Chapter 6, Reference: X x command (Perl debugger) : Chapter 6, Reference: x -X file test operator : 4.5.8 File Test Operators -x file test operator : 4.5.8 File Test Operators X interior sequence (pod) : 4.11.2 Interior sequences -x option (place geometry manager) : 18.2.3 The Place Geometry Manager -x option (perl) : 3.2 Command-Line Options x pattern match modifier 4.6.1 Pattern-Matching Operators 4.6.8 Extended Regular Expressions X-headers (news articles) : 15.1 The NNTP Protocol \x7f (hexadecimal value) sequence : 4.6.3 Escaped Sequences x= (assignment) operator : 4.5.6 Assignment Operators xgtitle() (Net::NNTP) : Chapter 15, Reference: xgtitle xhdr command (NNTP) : 15.1 The NNTP Protocol xhdr() (Net::NNTP) : Chapter 15, Reference: xhdr XOR (^) operator, bitwise : 4.5.10 Bitwise Operators xover() (Net::NNTP) : Chapter 15, Reference: xover xpat command (NNTP) : 15.1 The NNTP Protocol xpat() (Net::NNTP) : Chapter 15, Reference: xpat xpath() (Net::NNTP) : Chapter 15, Reference: xpath Xref backend (Perl compiler) : 3.4 The Perl Compiler xrover() (Net::NNTP) : Chapter 15, Reference: xrover -xscrollcommand option : 18.3 Common Widget Configuration Options Scrollbar widget : 18.1.2.2 The Scrollbar widget -xscrollincrement option (Canvas) : 18.12 The Canvas Widget xview() Canvas widget : 18.12.3 Canvas Methods Entry widget : 18.8.2 Entry Methods Listbox widget : 18.10.2 Listbox Methods Text widget : 18.11.2 Text Methods Search | Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Copyright © 1999 O'Reilly & Associates, Inc All Rights Reserved [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Search | Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Index: Y -y option (place geometry manager) : 18.2.3 The Place Geometry Manager y// pattern match operator : 4.6.1 Pattern-Matching Operators yposition() (Menu widget) : 18.15.2 Menu Methods -yscrollcommand option : 18.3 Common Widget Configuration Options Scrollbar widget : 18.1.2.2 The Scrollbar widget -yscrollincrement option (Canvas) : 18.12 The Canvas Widget yview() Canvas widget : 18.12.3 Canvas Methods Listbox widget : 18.10.2 Listbox Methods Text widget : 18.11.2 Text Methods Search | Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Copyright © 1999 O'Reilly & Associates, Inc All Rights Reserved [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Search | Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Index: Z \z (string end) anchor : 4.6.5 Anchors \Z (string/line end) anchor : 4.6.5 Anchors -z file test operator : 4.5.8 File Test Operators Z interior sequence (pod) : 4.11.2 Interior sequences -z option (dprofpp) : 6.5 The Perl Profiler Search | Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Copyright © 1999 O'Reilly & Associates, Inc All Rights Reserved [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] ... Databases Chapter 12, Databases and Perl, gives a brief introduction to DBM databases in Perl, and provides a reference to DBI, the Database Independence package that gives you a consistent interface... Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Chapter 2 Installing Perl Contents: The CPAN Architecture How Is CPAN Organized? Installing... How Is CPAN Organized? [ Library Home | Perl in a Nutshell | Learning Perl | Learning Perl on Win32 | Programming Perl | Advanced Perl Programming | Perl Cookbook ] Chapter Installing Perl 2.2