NOUNS AND PRONOUNS A NOUNS I Singular -> plural Thêm “s” với đa số danh từ Examples: a book -> books a pen -> pens Danh từ kết thúc “s, sh,ch, x, z, o” -> thêm es Examples: a class -> classes a potato -> potatoes NOTE: Danh từ mượn kết thúc “o” -> thêm “s” Examples: photo -> photos piano-> pianos kilo -> kilos Danh từ kết thúc “y” _ Trước “y” nguyên âm -> thêm “s” Example: key -> keys _ Trước “y” phụ âm Example: -> đổi “y” thành “i” thêm “es” lady -> ladies Danh từ kết thúc “f, fe, ff” _ “f, fe, ff” -> “ves” danh từ sau: calf, half, leaf, life, knife, self, shelf, wolf, wife, loaf, thief, sheaf Examples: calf -> calves shelf -> shelves wolf -> wolves _ “f, fe, ff” -> “ves” thêm “s” “ handkerchief, dwarf, scarf, hoof” Example: handkerchiefs/ handkerchieves _ Các danh từ thêm “s” cliff, roof, safe, reef, brief, gulf, belief Irregular plural child -> children foot -> feet man -> men goose -> geese woman -> women mouse -> mice tooth -> teeth ox -> oxen Các danh từ giữ nguyên thể “ sheep, deer, fish” II Possesive case Danh từ số -> thêm “s” Examples: my mother’s bike Danh từ số nhiều my boss’ car _ Không đuôi “s” -> “ ’s” Examples: _ Đuôi “s” the children’s bags the men’s ball -> thêm “ ’ ” Examples: the boys’ school the students’ notebook B PRONOUNS I We You They He She It Me Us Your Them Him Her It My Our Your Their His Her Its Mine Ours Yours Theirs His Hers Its Myself Ourselves Youself / Yourselves Themselves Himself Hershelf ... children’s bags the men’s ball -> thêm “ ’ ” Examples: the boys’ school the students’ notebook B PRONOUNS I We You They He She It Me Us Your Them Him Her It My Our Your Their His Her Its Mine Ours