http://what-when-how.com/automobile/rear-wheel-drive-arrangements-automobile/ TRUYỀN ĐỘNG BÁNH SAU Bố trí truyền động bánh sau (Rear – Wheel Drive - RWD) Fig 26.25 Lever action of a wheel Các loại truyền động Các hệ thống truyền động bao gồm: - Hotchkiss open-type; - Four-link (semi-Hotchkiss); - Torque tube - De-Dion 1.1 Hotchkiss open-type Fig 26.26 Hotchkiss open-type drive (light commercial vehicle) In the Hotchkiss drive, rear axle torque and the propelling and retarding forces are taken up by the rear springs The rear springs, which are generally half-elliptic type, are shackled to spring seats on the axle housing at one end and are pinned to the chassis frame at their forward end The shackles may be vertical or may be arranged at some angle (a) as shown in Fig 26.27 Thus the springs act as both torque and thrust members in this case Trong truyền động Hotchkiss, mômen xoắn lực đẩy, lực phanh trục sau hấp thu nhíp sau Nhíp sau, thông thường loại nửa ellip, cùm lại với đế nhíp vỏ cầu Cái cùm đặt thẳng đứng bố trí góc (α) biểu thị hình 26.27 Như vậy, trường hợp nhíp đóng vai trò mơmen xoắn thành phần lực Fig 26.27 Forces acting on Hotchkiss drive W = tổng trọng lượng xe R = tổng lực cản chuyển động tác động chiều cao ‘h’ G = tỷ số truyền tổng thể ηt = hiệu suất truyền Te = mô ment xoắn động cơ; Tw = mô ment xoắn bánh xe (driving torque on the wheels) r = bán kính bánh xe Tổng mơ ment truyền động bánh xe phía sau, Tw  t G.Te Điều phải cân vào lúc FR.r T  G.Te  FR Lúc đó, Tw  t G.Te � w  t r r Giải lực theo phương ngang, FR  R  Xác định giá trị phản lực: �M F  W.e  RR b  R.h  � RR b  W.e  R.h � RR  �M R W.e  R.h b  W.l  RF b  R.h  � RF b  W.l  R.h � RF  W.l  R.h b CG R  h TW d F RF W e l b R FR RR r Tw r Giải lực theo phương ngang, phương đứng: Theo phương ngang: FR   H  U sin    � FR  H  U sin  Theo phương đứng: RR   V  U cos    � RR  V  U sin  Lấy tổng môment gối “V”: �M V �U   � RR f  FR d  U  f  g  cos   RR f  FR d  f  g  cos  � V  RR  U cos  � H  FR  U sin  The free body diagrams showing the forces acting on the member and the frame are presented in Fig 26.28A, B This must be balanced by the moment F.R.r 1.2 Truyền động liên kết - Four-link (Semi-Hotchkiss) Drive Fig 26.29 Helical spring and four-link suspension 1.3 Truyền động ống xoắn – Torque-tube drive Fig 26.30 Torque tube drive Fig 26,31 Forces acting on torque tube drive  G.Te Tw  Trong trường hợp vậy, FR  t r Lúc này, FR  R  r Tw r W.l  R.h b W.e  R.h RR b  W.e  R.h  � RR  b RF b  W.l  R.h  � RF  Giải lực theo phương: - Theo phương ngang: FR  H  � FR  H - Theo phương đứng: RR   V  U   � U  RR  V Mà: FR  T W t G.Te T  G.Te  � H  FR  W  t r r r r Tổng mô ment tại: �M  T r  V f  H  d  r   � V f  Tr  H  d  r  Tr r  H  d  r   H r  H  d  r   H d r d d � V f  H d  R.d � V  FR  R f f � V f  Tr  H  d  r   � V  FR d f U  RR  V  RR  U R.d W.e  R.h R.d   f b f W.e  R.h R.d  b f 1.4 Truyền động de-Dion - de-Dion drive Fig 26.33 de-Dion drive http://what-when-how.com/automobile/rear-axles-final-drive-automobile-2/ Truyền lực cuối trục sau – REAR AXLE FINAL DRIVE 2.1 Bánh côn Fig 26.34 Friction cones representing bevel gear drive 2.2 Các loại bánh côn - Bánh côn thẳng Fig 26.35 Straight bevel - Bánh côn xoắn Fig 26.36 Spiral bevel 2.2 Bánh Hypoit Fig 26.37 Hypoid bevel 2.3 Bộ truyền động bánh – trục vít Fig 26.38 Worm drives 2.4 Điều chỉnh truyền bánh côn (Bevel-drive Adjustment) - Định tải cho ổ bi (Preloading of Bearing) - Điều chỉnh bánh (Pinion Adjustment) Fig 26.40 Pinion bearing adjustment - Điều chỉnh bánh côn (Crown Wheel Adjustment) - Định tải bánh côn (Crown Wheel Preload) Fig 26.42 Final drive adjustment http://what-when-how.com/automobile/differential-automobile/ Vi sai – DIFFERENTIAL Mục đích – Purpose Fig 26.43 Need for differential Nguyên lý – Principle Fig 26.44 Action of differential Khóa vi sai – Differential Lock Fig 26.45 Differential lock Bộ hạn chế trượt vi sai – Limited-Slip Differential (LSD) Two basic types of limited slip differential are: Mechanical limited-slip differential; and Visco-differential Fig 26.46 Final drive assembly with limited slip differential 3.1 Bộ hạn chế trượt vi sai khí – Mechanical Limited-slip Differential Fig 26.47 Limited slip differential 3.2 Vi sai – Viscous Differential Fig 26.48 Visco-differential Shaft-to-shaft viscous coupling Fig 26.49 Shaft-to-shaft viscous coupling Shaft-to-cage viscous coupling Fig 26.50 Shaft-to-cage viscous coupling https://www.thecj2apage.com/om10.html Hypoid Bevel Drive Gear and Pinion Set (Matched) Drive Pinion Oil Seal Universal Joint End Yoke Assembly Drive Pinion Nut Pinion Shaft Bearing Cone and Rollers (Outer) Pinion Shaft Bearing Cup Pinion Bearing Adjusting Shims (Front and Rear) Drive Pinion Bearing Cone and Rollers (Rear) Drive Pinion Bearing Cup (Rear) 10 Differential Bevel Pinion Mate Shaft Lock Pin 11 Differential Adjusting Shims 12 Differential Bearing Cone and Rollers 13 Differential Bearing Cup 14 Oil Seal Differential End 15 Axle Shaft (Left) 16 Gear Cover Screw Lockwasher 17 Gear Cover Screw 18 Differential Bevel Side Gear 19 Differential Pinion Mate 20 Differential Bevel Pinion Mate Shaft 21 Gear Carrier Cover 22 Differential Case 23 Gear Carrier Cover Gasket 24 Axle Shaft (Right) 25 Hypoid Bevel Drive Gear Screw 26 Drive Gear Screw Locking http://what-when-how.com/automobile/rear-axle-automobile/ Trục sau – Rear Axle 4.1 Vỏ trục – Axle casing Fig 26.51 Types of rear axle casing Banjo Type Carrier Type 4.2 Kết cấu vỏ trục nửa trục – Axle Shafts and Hub Arrangements Fig 26.52 Loading of different axle-hub arrangements A Semi-floating axle hub B Three-quarter floating axle hub C Fully floating axle hub Vỏ trục chịu nửa tải - Semi-floating Axle Hub Fig 26.53 Semi-floating ball-race-bearing axle Fig 26.54 Semi-floating taper-roller-bearing axle Wheel Hub Cap, Left or Right 21 Drive Pinion Bearing Cup, Front Axle Shaft Nut 22 Drive Pinion Bearing Cup, Rear Wheel Hub 23 Drive Pinion Bearing Cone and Rollers, Rear Brake Drum 24 Differential Bevel Pinion Mate Shaft Brake Cylinder Assembly, Rear Backing Plate, Front and Rear Brake Lock Pin 25.Axle Shaft, Right Assembly Brake Cylinder Bleeder Screw Brake Hose Connection Axle Shaft Grease Retainer, Outer 10 Cone and Rollers, Axle Shaft Bearing 11 Axle Shaft, Left 12 Differential Bearing, Cone and Roller 13 Differential Bearing Adjusting Shims 14 Hypoid Bevel Drive Gear and Pinion Set (Matched) 15 Pinion Bearing Positioning Shims 16 Pinion Bearing Cone Shims 17 Drive Pinion Oil Seal 18 Universal End Yoke Assembly 19 Drive Pinion Bearing Oil Slinger 20 Drive Pinion Bearing Cone and Roller, Front 26 Differential Bevel Side Gear 27 Differential Oil Filler Plug 28 Differential Bevel Pinion Mate 29 Differential Bevel Pinion Mate Shaft 30 Hypoid Bevel Drive Gear Screw 31 Drive Gear Screw Locking Strap 32 Differential Centre Block 33 Differential Bearing Cup 34 Differential Gear Carrier Cover Gasket 35 Axle Shaft Grease Retainer, Inner 36 Axle Shaft Bearing Grease Connection 37 Axle Shaft Bearing, Cone and Roller 38 Differential Bearing Shims 39 Brake Shoe Anchor Pin 40 Brake Shoe and Lining Assembly Tải ổ đỡ - Bearing Loads Fig 26.55 Bearing loads due to side thrust on semi-floating axle Nửa trục - Axle Shaft Vỏ cầu – Axle housing Chịu tải ba phần tư - Three-quarter-floating Axle-hub Fig 26.56 Three-quarter-floating axle Chịu tải hoàn toàn - Fully Floating Axle-hub Fig 26.57 Fully floating axle Tải ổ đỡ - Bearing Loads Fig 26.58 Bearing loads due to side thrust on full-floating axle Axle Shaft Axle Housing ... cản chuyển động tác động chiều cao ‘h’ G = tỷ số truyền tổng thể ηt = hiệu suất truyền Te = mô ment xoắn động cơ; Tw = mô ment xoắn bánh xe (driving torque on the wheels) r = bán kính bánh xe Tổng... gear drive 2.2 Các loại bánh côn - Bánh côn thẳng Fig 26.35 Straight bevel - Bánh côn xoắn Fig 26.36 Spiral bevel 2.2 Bánh Hypoit Fig 26.37 Hypoid bevel 2.3 Bộ truyền động bánh – trục vít Fig 26.38... 1.4 Truyền động de-Dion - de-Dion drive Fig 26.33 de-Dion drive http://what-when-how.com/automobile/rear-axles-final-drive-automobile-2/ Truyền lực cuối trục sau – REAR AXLE FINAL DRIVE 2.1 Bánh