This page intentionally left blank Melinda Bargreen maestros, impresarios, virtuosi, and other music makers A McLellan Book university of washington press Seattle and London This book is published with the assistance of a grant from the McLellan Endowed Series Fund, established through the generosity of Martha McCleary McLellan and Mary McLellan Williams This publication also was supported by a grant from the 4Culture Heritage Special Projects program © 2016 by the University of Washington Press Printed and bound in the United States of America Design by Thomas Eykemans Composed in Warnock, typeface designed by Robert Slimbach Display type set in Avenir, designed by Adrian Frutiger 18 17 16 15 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher university of washington press www.washington.edu/uwpress library of congress cataloging-in-publication data Bargreen, Melinda, 1947– Classical Seattle : maestros, impresarios, virtuosi, and other music makers / Melinda Bargreen p cm Includes bibliographical references and index isbn 978-0-295-99512-0 (hardcover : alk paper) Musicians—Washington (State)—Seattle—Biography Composers—Washington (State)—Seattle—Biography Conductors (Music)—Washington (State)—Seattle—Biography Impresarios—Washington (State)—Seattle—Biography Music patrons—Washington (State)—Seattle—Biography I Title ml385.b297 2016 780.9797'772—dc23 2015016658 The paper used in this publication is acid-free and meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences— Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48–1984 ∞ contents Introduction THE MAESTROS 27 Milton Katims the toscanini protégé 28 Rainer Miedel and Cordelia Wikarski Miedel the maestro and the maestra 47 Gerard Schwarz the consummate music director 61 Ludovic Morlot the symphonic innovator 76 Peter Erős the old-school maestro 85 Vilem Sokol the patron saint of the podium 93 Stephen Stubbs the early-music innovator 100 George Shangrow the people’s maestro 107 Resident Conductors the vital links in the music community 112 THE IMPRESARIOS 129 Glynn Ross the bantam of the opera 130 Speight Jenkins the ring master 141 Toby Saks the impresaria 153 Louis Richmond the chamber orchestra pathfinder 161 THE VIRTUOSI 171 Béla Siki the elegant stylist 172 John Cerminaro the man with the golden horn 179 Randolph Hokanson the old master 185 Silvia Kind the free spirit of the harpsichord 193 Eva Heinitz the greatest gambist 199 Robin McCabe the keyboard diplomat 207 Ronald Phillips the consummate clarinetist 213 Craig Sheppard the classicist of the ivories 218 THE COMPOSERS 231 Alan Hovhaness the composer of the mountains 232 William Bolcom the compositional innovator 240 Samuel Jones the harmony seeker 249 THE POWER BROKERS AND PATRONS 259 William and Ruth Gerberding the couple who made things happen 260 William Bain, Jr the architect of the boardroom 267 Hans Lehmann the renaissance man 273 Samuel N Stroum the mover and shaker 281 Deborah (Card) Rutter the power behind the podium 284 Sam and Gladys Rubinstein the key advisors 292 Buster and Nancy Alvord the practical donors 298 Jerry and Lenore Hanauer the imaginative operaphiles 301 John and Laurel Nesholm the activists for the arts 305 Charles Simonyi the genius philanthropist 309 Jack and Becky Benaroya the ultimate benefactors 315 Conclusion 327 Acknowledgments 331 Sources 333 Index 351 .musicianguide.com/biographies/1608004489/William-Bolcom.html, accessed March 29, 2015 (“It was Blake that”) Christopher M Wright, “The Unrepentant Eclectic,” 2005, http://williambolcom com/index.php?contentID=1038, accessed January 6, 2013 Samuel Jones: The Harmony Seeker author interview Samuel Jones, July 11, 2012 secondary sources Jack Fishman, “Sam Jones Retires,” in the blog “David Filner on Classical Music,” http://blog.mysanantonio.com/davidfilner/2011/05/sam-jonesretires/, accessed April 13, 2013 Bernard Jacobson, “Seattle Symphony Brass Concerto Celebrates a Silver Wedding,” Seattle Times, April 3, 2009 (“It was certainly enormously enjoyable”) “Mississippi Writers and Musicians: Samuel Jones,” http://mswritersand musicians.com/musicians/samuel-jones.html, accessed April 13, 2013 POWER BROKERS AND PATRONS William and Ruth Gerberding: The Couple Who Made Things Happen author interview William and Ruth Gerberding, March 8, 2012 secondary sources Lily Eng and Susan Gilmore, “Gerberding Builds a Reputation as a Survivor,” Seattle Times, October 3, 1993 Sally Macdonald, “UW is ucceful—70,000 Times—Gerberding’s Style Helped University Raise 252 Million in Its Endowment Drive,” Seattle Times, November 24, 1991 Alex Ross, “A Little Late-Night Music,” New Yorker, August 29, 2005 Zachary Woolfe, “A Symphony’s Leader Takes Seattle by Storm,” New York Times, January 28, 2012 William Bain, Jr.: The Architect of the Boardroom author interview William Bain, March 7, 2012 secondary sources Melinda Bargreen, “Symphony Faces Crucial Weeks,” and “Symphony Shows Larger Contributions in 1978–79,” Seattle Times, July 26, 1979 Kay Calhoun [daughter of the Seattle Symphony’s board president Paul Ashley], April 19, 2012 346 sources Marga Rose Hancock, “Bain, William James, Jr (born 1930), Architect,” HistoryLink essay 9234, December 30, 2009, www.historylink.org/index cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=9234, accessed April 14, 2013 Hans Lehmann: The Renaissance Man author interviews Hans Lehmann, September 6, 1991; December 13, 1992 letter to the author Hans Lehmann, August 1985 secondary source J Hans Lehmann and Thelma Lehmann, Out of the Cultural Dustbin: Sentimental Musings on Art and Music in Seattle from 1936 to 1992 (Seattle: Crowley Associates, 1992) Samuel N Stroum: The Mover and Shaker author interviews Samuel N Stroum, March 27, 1988; August 12, 1998; January 16, 1990; July 19, 1990; July 7, 1991; May 5, 1993; April 27, 1997; September 7, 2003 secondary source James E Lalonde, “Seattle’s Dean of Philanthropy—Samuel Stroum Bucks Tradition and Puts His Philanthropic Ways on Center Stage,” Seattle Times, September 30, 1990 Deborah (Card) Rutter: The Power Behind the Podium author interviews Deborah Rutter, September 9, 1992; April 29, 1997; April 9, 2003; July 26, 2012 secondary sources Bob Cook, “Orchestrating Change,” Stanford University Alumni Magazine, July– August 2005 “Deborah F Rutter Named President of the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts,” December 10, 2013, www.kennedycenter.org/about/admin/ PressRelease-Rutter.pdf, accessed March 29, 2014 Anne Midgette, “New President Deborah Rutter Is Kennedy Center’s Breath of Fresh Air from Windy City,” Washington Post, August 29, 2014 Sam and Gladys Rubinstein: The Key Advisors author interview Gladys Rubinstein, February 20, 2013 sources 347 secondary sources Melinda Bargreen, “Gladys Rubinstein, Benefactor of Arts, Dies at 92,” Seattle Times, January 27, 2014, http://seattletimes.com/html/thearts/2022770580_ rubinsteinobitxml.html, accessed January 7, 2015 Melinda Bargreen, “Sam Rubinstein, Savvy Businessman, Gave Back to Seattle, Dies at Age 89,” Seattle Times, February 2, 2013, http://seattletimes.com/ html/localnews/2003552460_rubinstein02m.html, accessed January 3, 2013 (Irwin Treiger, “Everyone turned to him for advice”) R M Campbell, “Sam Rubinstein, 1917–2007: He Shaped and Supported City’s Arts,” SeattlePI.com, February 1, 2007, www.seattlepi.com/news/ article/Sam-Rubinstein-1917–2007-He-shaped-and-1227101.php, accessed January 3, 2013 (Mimi Gates, “a compassionate human being with a wry sense of humor) Buster and Nancy Alvord: The Practical Donors author interviews Buster and Nancy Alvord, May 14, 1991 Nancy Alvord, January 17, 2013 secondary sources Melinda Bargreen, “The Alvords: Modest, Unassuming, Honored,” Seattle Times, May 14, 1991 (“quietly working behind the scenes”) Jean Godden, “Was that Black Tie or Bad Tie?” Seattle Times, May 5, 2003 Cassandra Tate, “Alvord, Ellsworth C., Jr (1923–2010), and Nancy Alvord (b 1922),” HistoryLink.org Essay 7304, May 17, 2005, www.historylink.org/ index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=7304, accessed January 8, 2013 “Three Generations Donate 3 Million to Honor Two UW Physicians” and “UW Recognition Award,” Columns, June 1999 Jerry and Lenore Hanauer: The Imaginative Operaphiles author interviews Adrian Hanauer, December 5, 2007 Lenore Hanauer, December 3, 2012 secondary sources MacFadden Communications Group, “Birds of a Feather,” history of Pacific Coast Feather, www.thefreelibrary.com/Bird+of+a+different+feather3A+as +it+celebrates+its+125th+anniversary, -a0206851816, accessed February 18, 2012 Seattle Opera, “Seattle Opera Announces Major Gifts Totaling 21.5 Million,” press release, July 11, 2007, www.seattleopera.org/_downloads/press/ releases/Annual0709.pdf, accessed March 18, 2013 348 sources John and Laurel Nesholm: The Activists for the Arts author interview John and Laurel Nesholm, January 7, 2013 secondary source Seattle Opera, “Seattle Opera Announces Major Gifts Totaling 21.5 Million,” press release, July 11, 2007, www.seattleopera.org/_downloads/press/ releases/Annual0709.pdf, accessed March 18, 2013 Charles Simonyi: The Genius Philanthropist author interviews Susan Hutchison, November 5, 2012 Charles Simonyi, March 20, 2006; January 10, 2013 other interviews Charles Simonyi, interview with Charlie Rose, May 14, 2012 (www.charlie rose.com/view/content/12360); July 9, 2012 (www.charlierose.com/view/ clip/12448); both accessed April 11, 2013 secondary sources Brier Dudley, “From Hungary to the Galaxy, Simonyi’s Goals Always High,” Seattle Times, October 27, 2006 Keller Group, “Mission Accomplished: Simonyi Fund Fulfills 10-year, 100M Plan,” press release, March 1, 2013 Jason Pontin, “Awaiting the Day when Everyone Writes Software,” New York Times, January 28, 2007 (“arguably the most successful programmer in the world”) Jack and Becky Benaroya: The Ultimate Benefactors author interviews Jack and Becky Benaroya, May 5, 1993; June 1994; July 29, 1998; August 31, 1998 secondary sources “Jack A Benaroya: He Redefined Commercial Warehouse Space, Creating the Concept of Industrial Parks and Spreading Benaroya Business Parks across the Region,” biography, Puget Sound Business Hall of Fame program, 1995 “Jack Benaroya,” biography, courtesy of the Benaroya Company, July 2011 Steven Lowe, “Who Is Jack Benaroya?” Seattle Symphony opening gala program, September 1998 Patti Payne, “A Community Pauses and Pays Tribute,” Puget Sound Business Journal, May 18–13, 2012 sources 349 CONCLUSION Aaron Copland, “The Pleasures of Music,” Saturday Evening Post, July 4, 1959 (“To stop the flow of music would be like the stopping of time itself”) 350 sources index A Aalborg (Denmark) Symphony Orchestra, 90, 91 Academy of St Martin in the Fields Octet, 107, 161 Adams, John Luther, 84 Adler, Kurt Herbert, 279 Ageyeva, Natalya, 20 Ah-ak orchestra (Korean instruments), 17, 238 Aida, 6, 29, 133, 134, 141, 142, 214, 278, 306 Aldous, John, 261 Alexanian, Diran, 202 Allen, Paul, 10 Allen, Woody, 301 Allied Arts (of Seattle), 164 All-Star Orchestra, 74, 75, 125, 172, 179, 185, 226, 256, 258, 296, 310, 342 Alvord, Ellsworth (“Buster”), 298–300 Alvord, Nancy, 298–300 Amara, Lucine, 279 Ameling, Elly, 165 Anda, Geza, 90 Anderson, Robert, 22, 120 Ansermet, Ernst, 178 Arizona Opera, 115, 131, 139, 140 Arrau, Claudio, ArtsFund, 24, 25, 45, 147, 295 Ashley, Paul, 272 Asian musicians in Seattle, 17–18 Auer, Edward, 156 Auer, Leopold, 86, 189 B Bachauer, Gina, Bae, Ik-Hwan, 156 Bagley Wright Theatre, 269, 299 Bailey, Bruce, 38, 39, 41, 42, 216, 217 Bailey, Dennis, 137 Bailey, Mariel, 38, 57, 75 Bain, Nancy, 268 Bain, William J., Jr., 267–72 Baltimore Symphony Orchestra, 43, 47, 52, 54 Banks, Eric, 114 Barrett, Herbert, 208, 210 Barzin, Leon, 31 Baunton, Janet Fisher, 40, 41, 42, 57, 63 351 Baunton, Randy, 40, 41, 42, 54, 63 Bayreuth Festival (Bayreuther Festspiele), 86, 90, 133, 136, 137, 140, 310, 312 Becker, Herbert, 137 Becker, Hugo, 201 Beecham, Sir Thomas, 40, 190, 191, 215, 217, 276, 277 Bellevue Philharmonic Orchestra (now Lake Washington Symphony Orchestra), 21, 22, 119 Benaroya, Alan, 319 Benaroya, Jack, 65, 69, 284, 289, 310, 315–19, 326 Benaroya, Larry, 316 Benaroya, Ralph, 315 Benaroya, Rebecca (Becky), 65, 69, 284, 289, 310, 315–19, 326 Benaroya Hall, 3, 11, 64, 65, 69, 70, 71, 76, 80, 81, 83, 114, 119, 159, 160, 182, 183, 224, 241, 254, 263, 282, 283, 285, 286, 289, 291, 308, 318 Benshoof, Ken, 101, 102 Benshoof, Terri, 165 Bergsma, William, 13–17, 24, 99, 174 Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, 52, 54, 55, 72, 98 Berlin Radio Symphony, 54 Berlinski, Claire, 156 Berlinski, Mischa, 156 Bernheimer, Martin (London Financial Times), 73, 336 Bernstein, Leonard, 98, 118, 181, 234, 283 Beyer, Huntley, 109 Bing, Sir Rudolf, 136 Blanchard, Bonnie, 109 Bloch, Joseph, 209 Bluechel, Jeanne Ehrlichman, 155, 156 Blythe, Stephanie, 149 Bode, Robert, 114 Bogdashevskaya, Victoria, 19, 60 Bohemian Virtuosi of Prague, 161 Bolcom, William, 240–48 Bonade, Daniel, 213, 215 Bonnevie, Robert, 16 Bor, Christiaan, 263 Boston Symphony Orchestra, 20, 76, 180, 246, 306 352 index Boughten, Bryan, 196 Boulanger, Nadia, 222 Boulez, Pierre, 78, 80, 102, 181, 251 Brennand, Charles, 15 Brewster, David, 6, 156 Bricken, Carl, 215, 277 Brown, Stephanie, 156 Brownlee, Lawrence, 148, 149 Bruck, Charles, 78 Budapest Symphony Orchestra, 173 Bullitt, Dorothy, 11 Bumbershoot Festival, 164 Bureau, Karen, 140 C Cage, John, 14, 17, 234 Cameron, Basil, 214, 215, 276 Cameron, Trixie, 186, 188 Cariaga, Marvelee, 137 Caruso, Enrico, 142 Casals, Pablo, 8, 16, 31, 202 Cascade Symphony Orchestra, 21, 22, 120, 121 Cassadó, Gaspar, 53 Century 21 See Seattle World’s Fair Cerminaro, Charlotte, 182 Cerminaro, John, 179–85 Chagall, Marc, 41 Chamber Orchestra of Versailles, 161 Chapple, Dr Stanley, 14, 30, 118, 189, 190, 203, 277 Chávez, Carlos, 7, 277 Chicago Symphony Orchestra, 8, 15, 16, 58, 73, 79, 85, 91, 98, 285, 286, 289–91 Chihuly, Dale, 69, 83, 311, 317 Chihuly, Leslie, 69, 83, 272 Chung, Kyung-Wha, 35 Civic Auditorium (later the Seattle Opera House), 8, 29, 213, 334 Cleveland Orchestra, 73, 85, 90, 91, 93, 98 Cliburn, Van, 7, 18, 28, 91, 207 Coates, Albert, 132 Cohan, Jeffrey, 23, 109 Cohen, Judith, 192 Cole, Dorothy, Cole, Orlando, 162 Coleman, Dennis, 114–15 Coleman, Freddie, 114 College Conservatory of Music (University of Cincinnati), 176, 177 Collins, John, 164 Collins, (Dorothy) Patricia (Patsy) Bullitt, 11, 12, 288 Comissiona, Sergiu, 47, 52, 54, 59 Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), 272 Conlon, Joan Catoni, 114 Cook, Dorothea (Deede), 109, 165 Cook, Jeanne, 135 Cooke, Deryck, 97–98 Cooper, Connie, 157 Copland, Aaron, 132, 223, 234, 317, 329 Cordiner Hall (Whitman College), 269 Corelli, Franco, 135 Cornish College of the Arts, 7, 9, 102, 106, 117, 121, 197, 236 Corporate Council for the Arts (CCA) See ArtsFund Cosmopolitan Opera of San Francisco, 133 Costa, Mary, Craft, Robert, 28 Crook, Paul, 137, 140 Culp, Gordon, 262 Curzon, Sir Clifford, 221 D Dart, Thurston, 202 Dausgaard, Thomas, 71 Davenport-Engberg, Mary, 10, 11, 214 Deal, Lanham, 58, 271, 299 Decker, Geraldine, 137 DeJong, Kenneth, 114 Delius, Frederick, 190, 191 Demorest, Steven, 114 Dempster, Stuart, 13, 15, 16 Denhard, August, 23 Dialogues of the Carmelites, 147 Diamond, David, 69 Dohnányi, Ernö, 172, 173, 177 Don Giovanni, 135, 141 Donnelly, Peter, 24, 25 Dorati, Antal, 47, 48, 54, 261 Dorfman, Ania, 209 Downey, Roberta Hansen, 60–61 Dubinets, Elena, 20 Dubs, Ueli, 195, 199 Dudamel, Gustavo, 29 Duo Wikarski, 52, 55 Dutilleux, Henri, 81 Dziekonski, Greg, 214, 215 E Eaglen, Jane, 151, 265 early music, 8–9, 22–23, 101–3, 113 Early Music Guild of Seattle, 9, 23, 103, 165, 167, 171, 307 Eastern Music Festival (North Carolina), 64, 75 Edwards, Huw, 121 Ehnes, James, 157–58 Eichhorn, August, 50 Eichler, Jeremy (New York Times), 73 Eilander, Maxine, 23, 105 Einstein, Albert, 201 Eisenberg, Irwin, 15 Ekstrand, Hilmer, 213 Emory, Meade, 154 Ensemble Intercontemporain, 78 Erös, Peter, 85–93, 209 Ettelson, Meryl, 301 Everett Community Theatre, 269 Ezhokina, Oksana, 20 F Faust, 142 Ferguson, Howard, 187, 188 Ferrara, Franco, 48 Feuchtwanger, Peter, 221 Fidelio, 151 Fiedler, Arthur, 30 Filimonov, Gennady, 19 Finkelstein, Mara, 19 Finzi, Gerald, 187 Fiore, George, 114, 116 Fiore, John, 116 Firkusny, Rudolf, 209 Fisch, Asher, 117 Fischer, Edwin, 174, 194 Fischer-Dieskau, Dietrich, 51 index 353 Fisher, J W (“Bill”), 136 Fleisher, Leon, 7, 37 Fleischmann, Ernst, 181, 182, 287 Florida Philharmonic Orchestra, 58 Floyd, Carlisle, 135 Franz Liszt Society Piano Competition, 173 Fricsay, Ferenc, 89, 90, 93 Friedberg, Carl, 188 Fournier, Pierre, 53 Friedlander, Paul, 7, 134, 278 Fullington, Doug, 114 G Gagaku orchestra (Japanese instruments), 235 Gangolli, Dileep, 215 Gates, Bill (William Gates III), 62, 262, 294, 313 Gates, Mary, 62, 262 Gates, Mimi, 295 Gavleborgs Orchestra (Sweden), 52, 54 Geissmar, Else, 14, 175, 190, 209 Gendron, Maurice, 50, 52 Geneva Competition, 174, 178 Gerberding, Ruth Albrecht, 260–67 Gerberding, William P., 260–67, 281, 298, 305 Gerlich, Kathy Alvord, 300 Gershwin, George, 215, 245, 276 Gigli, Beniamino, 133 Gilbert, Greg, 45 Girsh, Alexei, 19 Girsky, Artur, 19 Giteck, Janice, 12 Giulini, Carlo Maria, 98, 182, 183, 287 Givenchy, Hubert de, 41 Gobbi, Tito, 133 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 267 Goff, Scott, 76, 216 Goodman, Benny, 41 Gorodnitzki, Sascha, 221 Gould, Glenn, 197 Grace, Princess of Monaco, 41 Gramm, Donald, Gray, Maxine Cushing, 13, 154 Greene, Dr Martin L., 157 354 index Griffin, Morgan, 216 Griffin, Nancy Page, 163 Großer Musikvereinssaal (Vienna), 58 Grossman, Arthur, 16, 195, 199 Gurevich, Ruben, 121 Gutiérrez, Horacio, 35 H Hague Residentie Orchestra (the Netherlands), 91 Hallock, Peter, 23, 122, 206 Hamburg Philharmonic Orchestra, 91 Hamburg Radio Symphony, 54 Hamburg State Opera, 91 Hamlisch, Marvin, 63 Hanauer, Adrian, 301, 302 Hanauer, Gerald, 301–5 Hanauer, Lenore Ettelson, 301–5 Hanauer, Nick, 301, 303 Hanson, Howard, 69, 250, 252, 254, 255, 277 Harich-Schneider, Eta, 194–95 Harris, Cyril, 318 Harris, Roy, 243 Hayes, Helen, 187 Heggie, Jake, 15 Heifetz, Jascha, 8, 202–3 Heinitz, Eva, 15, 101, 118, 189, 194, 195, 199–207 Henahan, Donal (The New York Times), 238 Hess, Dame Myra, 187–88, 190 Hiller, Wendy, 187 Hindemith, Paul, 180, 194, 205 Hines, Jennifer, 115 Hitler, Adolf, 187, 202, 274–75 Hoeschele, Agatha (Sokol), 94, 96, 100, 108, 168 Hoffman, Gary, 271 Hoffman, Toby, 271 Hokanson, Randolph, 6, 14, 42, 56, 101, 175, 185–92, 206 Hollander, Lorin, 165 Holt, Henry, 115–16 Horner, Harry, 278 Houston, University of, 44 Hovhaness, Alan, 17, 69, 99, 164, 232–40 Hovhaness, Hinako Fujihara, 236–40 Humby, Betty, 190, 276 Hunziger, Terry, 318 I Iglitzin, Alan, 15 Illsley Ball Nordstrom Recital Hall, 65, 283 Isaacs, Gregory Sullivan (conductor), 120, 121 Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, 91 J Jacobson, Berthe Poncy, 14, 190, 243 Jenkins, Sara Bishop Baird, 142, 147 Jenkins, Speight, 12, 141–53, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 280, 294, 297, 304, 305, 308, 309 Jensen, Helen, 134, 279 Johnson, Don (trustee of Kreielsheimer Foundation), 64, 265 Johnson, Lockrem, Jones, Samuel, 249–56 Judson, Arthur (artist manager), 221 Juilliard School of Music, 13, 20, 34, 66, 96, 101, 153, 181, 188, 207, 208, 209, 210, 221 K Kabos, Ilona, 174, 209, 221 Kajima, Fusao (conductor), 119 Kantor, Mary (clarinetist), 214 Kappy, David (French horn), 17 Karr, Gary (bassist), 165 Kates, Stephen, 156 Katims, Milton, 7, 28–47, 57, 58, 134, 175, 177, 191, 203, 215, 236, 262, 263, 270, 278, 280, 299, 300 Katims, Pamela (Steele), 34, 35, 36, 37, 42, 44, 46 Katims, Peter, 35, 37 Katims, Virginia Peterson, 32–37, 41, 43–46 Kechley, Gerald, 7, 14, 101, 108, 190 Kechley, Peter, 109 Kechley, Robert, 109 Kershaw, Stewart, 118 Kertesz, Istvan, 48 Keylin, Leonid (violin), 19 Kind, Silvia, 101, 108, 193–99 King County Arts Commission, 164 Kirchner, Leon (composer), Kitt, Loren (clarinetist), 215 Klemperer, Otto, 90, 93, 199, 201, 207 Kloepper, Mark, 114 Knappertsbusch, Hans, 90 Kodály, Zoltán, 88 Koolhaas, Rem (Seattle Public Library), 24 Kozinn, Allen (New York Times), 73, 74 Kraft, Marlene, 109 Kraft, Shirley, 109 Kransberg-Talvi, Marjorie, 123, 192 Knapp, Christian (conductor), 121 Kreielsheimer Foundation (Seattle), 24, 64, 265, 286, 316 Kreisler, Fritz, 8, 95 Kronos String Quartet, 165 Krueger, Karl (conductor), 214, 215 L La bohème, 143 Lang, Aidan, 151, 308 Laredo, Ruth (pianist), 211 Larionoff, Maria, 67 Larrocha, Alicia de, Larsen, Jack Lenor, 318 La Scala (Teatro alla Scala), 151, 223, 289 Lebrecht, Norman, 72 Leeds International Piano Competition, 178, 222 Lehmann, Dr J Hans, 14, 31, 34, 43, 134, 138, 139, 154, 155, 213, 215, 262, 273–81, 294 Lehmann, Thelma, 43, 154, 155, 273, 275, 276, 278, 279, 281 Lehwalder, Heidi (harpist), 39, 40 Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, 50 Leuba, Christopher, 16, 17 Libor, Christiane, 151 Linden, Eugene, 203, 215, 277 Lipatti, Dinu, 173, 174 Lipkin, Seymour (harpsichordist), 163 Lishner, Leon, 14, 237 index 355 Lokken, Fredrick (Bellevue Chamber Chorus), 114 London, George, 136 Los Angeles Chamber Orchestra, 62, 67, 107, 287 Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra, 29, 179, 183, 215, 287 Los Angeles Times, 29, 145 M Ma, Yo-Yo, 35 Madama Butterfly, 139, 279 Mahler, Gustav (unfinished Tenth Symphony), 97–99 Malcolm, George, 104 Malloch, William (Gustav Mahler Society), 98–99 Mangin, Noel, 135, 140 Mannberg, Karl-Ove (violinist), 58, 59, 67 Marion Oliver McCaw Hall, 10, 12, 24, 29, 141, 241, 260, 264 Martinu, Bohuslav, 56, 234 Matthews, Ingrid, 23 McCabe, Rachelle, 208 McCabe, Renée, 208 McCabe, Robin, 20, 93, 171, 175, 207–12 McCarty, Randall Jay, 23, 102, 103, 109 McCaw family (Bruce, Craig, John, and Keith), 264 McCaw Hall See Marion Oliver McCaw Hall McColl, William (clarinet), 16 McCreery, Ruth, 190 McDaniel, Larey (clarinet), 215 McKay, Charles, 150 McKay, George Frederick, 13, 99, 190, 243 McNeely, Paul, 186 Meany Theater (University of Washington), 4, 13, 17, 24, 58, 106, 155, 161, 162, 171, 177, 223, 224, 275, 307 Medieval Women’s Choir, 23 Mehta, Zubin, 82, 181, 182 Meier, Johanna, 137 Melchior, Lauritz, 142, 276 Mellesz, Carl, 48 356 index Menuhin, Yehudi, 8, 104, 203, 223 Messiaen, Olivier, 12, 223, 243, 244 Michaelian, Patricia, 220 Miedel, Cordelia Wikarski, 47–61, 194, 201, 206 Miedel, Florian, 48, 54, 55 Miedel, Karl, 48, 51 Miedel, Lukas, 58, 59 Miedel, Rainer, 28, 38, 47–61, 64, 124, 194, 215, 263, 270, 280, 300 Mikhlin, Yuriy, 19–20 Milhaud, Darius, 12, 13, 243 Miller, John (Congressman), 164 Milnes, Sherrill, 135 Minegishi, Yoshi and Naomi, 18 Mirageas, Evans, 150 Miropolsky, Michael, 21–22, 119, 120, 121 Monroe, Lorne (cellist), 162 Montreux (Switzerland) Festival Orchestra, 54 Moore, Gerald, 221 Moore, John (Terry), 14, 174 Moore, Virginia, 165 Morlot, Ghizlane, 77, 79, 83 Morlot, Ludovic, 28, 72, 76–85, 255, 256, 264, 267, 304, 306, 307, 308 Mostly Mozart Festival (New York), 62, 72, 75, 254, 264 Musical America magazine, 29, 34, 41, 64, 66 Music of Remembrance, 18, 19 Muti, Riccardo, 289 N Naccarato, John, 136 Nandi, Jean Hovhaness, 234 National Symphony Orchestra (Washington, D.C.), 54, 91, 162–63 Navarra, Andre, 48, 153 NBBJ (Naramore, Bain, Brady, and Johanson architectural firm), 269, 272 Nel, Anton, 176, 177 New York Chamber Symphony (formerly “Y Chamber Symphony”), 62 New Yorker, 133, 135, 136, 138, 171, 207, 248 New York Metropolitan Opera, 14, 115, 133, 136, 142, 145, 189, 302, 310 New York Philharmonic Orchestra, 66, 96, 98, 153, 181, 183, 214, 280 New York Post, 145 New York Times, 6, 41, 71, 72–73, 75, 137, 148, 163, 193, 210, 238, 243, 246, 248, 263–64, 311 Nickels, Greg (Seattle mayor), 65 Nicodemus, Vernon, 109 Nilsson, Birgit, 135, 149 Nixon, Marni, 39 Nordstrom Recital Hall (in Benaroya Hall, Seattle), 65, 159 Norma, 151 Northwest Chamber Orchestra, 20, 117, 161, 162–64, 196, 204, 327 Northwest Sinfonietta, 18, 19 O Odegaard, Corinne (violinist), 165 Odeonquartet, 19 O’Doan, Neal, 175 Of Mice and Men, 136 Ohlsson, Garrick, 221 Opera News, 141, 143, 148 Orpheus and Eurydice, 146 Osborn, Charles, 64, 281 P Pacific MusicWorks, 23, 101, 105, 106, 171 Pacific Northwest Ballet, 18, 64, 115, 118, 122, 141, 165, 196, 204, 241, 260, 264, 270, 272, 273, 284, 288, 299 Pacific Northwest Festival in the Forest, 137, 138, 253 Paglialunga, Augusto, 14 Paillard, Jean-Philippe, 165 Paramount Theatre (Seattle), 64, 269 Parce, Erich, 115 Pasternack, Jonathan, 92 Patrick, Julian, 14 Patterson, Ronald, 253 Perahia, Murray, 35, 178, 222 Peskanov, Mark, 263 Peters, Roberta, 134 Phelps, Sheffield, 136 Philadelphia String Quartet, 15, 17, 165, 209 Phillips, Gladys Bezeau, 215, 218 Phillips, Ronald (clarinetist), 59, 61, 213–18 Piatagorsky, Gregor, 53 Piston, Walter, 69 PONCHO (Patrons of Northwest Civic, Cultural, and Historical Organizations), 7, 8, 134, 164, 278 Pontén, Loren (Opus 7), 114 Porter, Andrew, 137 Previn, André, 287 Price, Leontyne, 59 Pucci, Emilio, 41 Puget Sound Business Journal, R Rachmaninoff, Sergei, 8, 28, 58, 123, 222, 225, 237 Ragamala, 18 Rainier Club, Seattle, 65, 139, 316 Rattle, Sir Simon, 72, 287 Reiner, Fritz, 16, 202 Remedios, Alberto, 137 Resch, Alfred, 180 Resident conductors, Seattle, 113–23 Reynolds, Veda, 15 Rice, Norm (Seattle mayor), 65 Rice University, 247, 252, 253 Rich, Alan (New York magazine), 23 Richmond, Louis, 161–68, 170 Rigler, Lillian, 218 Riley, Joe (Liverpool Echo), 72 Ring, The (Der Ring des Nibelungen) See Wagner, Richard Ritchie, Stanley, 23, 103, 165 Robbins, Tom, Robertson, David, 78 Rochaix, Franỗois, 146, 147, 150 Rochberg, George, 98 Rose, Leonard, 153, 159 Rosenthal, Manuel, 30, 191, 277 Rosenthal, Paul, 153, 154 Ross, Alex, 248, 264 Ross, Gio (Giovanna), nee Solamene, 132, 134, 139, 140 index 357 Ross, Glynn, 7, 115, 130–40 Ross, Melanie, 331 Rostropovich, Mstislav, 53, 54, 205, 235 Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, 15, 85, 90 Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra (U.K.), 72, 76 Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (U.K.), 91 Rozgonyi, Agnes, 86 Rubinstein, Arthur, 7, 92, 132, 187, 222–23 Rubinstein, Sam and Gladys, 69, 155, 279, 292–96, 323 Russell, Francia, 241 Russell, Margaret, 109 Russian musicians in Seattle, 17–22 Ruttencutter, Helen Drees, 207 S Sachs, Curt (musicologist), 195 Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra, 166 Saint Petersburg (formerly Leningrad) Philharmonic, 20, 54 Salem, Mahmoud, 140 Salonen, Esa-Pekka, 29 Sams, Carol, 13, 109 Samuel, Harold, 186, 187 Sanders, Murl Allen, 109 Sands, Linda, 144 San Francisco Symphony, 91 Santa Fe Chamber Music Festival, 154, 155, 162, 327 Sargeant, Winthrop, 133, 138 Savage, Greg, 165 Savage, James (conductor), 105, 121–23 Schatzel, Catherine, 205–6 Schenkman, Byron, 23 Scherchen, Hermann (conductor), 195 Schiff, Andras (pianist), 222 Schnabel, Arthur, 8, 202 Schneider, Alexander (“Sasha”), 34 Schonberg, Harold C (New York Times), 6, 73 Schreker, Franz, 201 Schultz, Cecilia, 134, 277 Schuman, William, 58, 69 Schumann-Heink, Ernestine, 358 index Schwarz, Alysandra, 66 Schwarz, Daniel, 66 Schwarz, Gabriella, 64, 292 Schwarz, Gerard, 21, 28, 59, 61–76, 82, 133, 167, 179, 181, 183, 184, 215, 236, 239, 249, 254, 255, 256, 263, 266, 280, 287, 291, 292, 295, 296, 304, 305, 310, 311, 315, 316–17, 318, 319 Schwarz, Jody, 65, 66, 68, 292, 316 Schwarz, (Dr.) John, 66 Schwarz, Julian, 64, 255, 292 Scott, R Joseph, 22, 119 Scottish National Orchestra, 91 Seattle: expansion of arts facilities and concert halls, 24–25 (see also Benaroya Hall; Marion Oliver McCaw Hall; Meany Hall); socioeconomic changes in, 9–13, 17–22 Seattle Arts Commission, 164 Seattle Baroque Orchestra, 23 Seattle Center, 6, 65, 165, 264, 280, 287 Seattle Chamber Music Society (formerly Seattle Chamber Music Festival), 154–60, 262, 264, 280 Seattle Chamber Singers, 101, 109, 110, 111 Seattle Choral Company, 114 Seattle Civic Symphony, 11, 214 Seattle International Chamber Music Festival, 161–62 Seattle Men’s Chorus, 114–15 Seattle Opera, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 21, 30, 111, 112, 115, 116, 117, 121, 129, 130, 131, 134–40, 141, 144–53, 171, 253, 260, 262, 263, 266, 270, 272, 273, 278, 279, 280, 288, 292, 293, 294, 296, 297, 301, 302–9, 321, 323, 324, 328 Seattle Opera House (later Marion Oliver McCaw Hall), 7, 28, 29, 35, 59, 64, 141, 161, 241, 260, 264, 278, 284, 288 Seattle Pro Musica, 13, 114 Seattle Sounders, 301 Seattle Symphony Orchestra, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 35, 38–44, 47–48, 54, 56–59, 64, 69–76, 79, 83–85, 91, 96, 101, 106, 109, 112, 114–17, 119–22, 124, 133–34, 163, 165, 167, 171, 177, 179, 180, 182–84, 190–91, 203–4, 213–18, 224, 230, 232, 236, 239, 241, 245, 249, 255–56, 258, 260, 262–63, 267, 270–72, 275, 277–81, 284–88, 290–92, 294–95, 297–300, 302, 304–8, 310–11, 318, 320–26, 328 Seattle Women’s Chorus, 115 Seattle World’s Fair (1962), 3, 5, 6, 8, 12, 13, 22, 24–25, 28–29, 35, 45, 133, 161, 193, 278, 298, 306, 329 Segal, Martin, 66 Segovia, Andres, Seibert, Peter, 23, 114 Serkin, Rudolf, 274 Shah of Iran (Mohammad Reza Pahlavi), 41 Shakarian, Roupen, 101, 109, 120 Shallenberger, Jim, 165 Shames, Jonathan, 121 Shangrow, Daisy, 108, 112 Shangrow, George, 60, 100–103, 105, 107–12, 119, 128, 196, 197 Shanley, Richard, 215 Shapiro, Bernard, 216 Shaw, George Bernard, 185 Sheppard, Craig, 178, 218–25, 230 Shmidt, Mikhail, 19 Sibelius, Jean, 233, 234 Siegl, Henry, 6–7, 41, 43, 58 Siki, Béla, 14, 20, 101, 172–78, 208, 211, 212, 222, 226 Siki, Yolande, 172 Sills, Beverly, Beverly, 135 Simon, Ron (double bass), 217 Sitkovetsky, Dmitry, 45, 162 Skowronek, Felix, 16 Smith, Clinton, 119 Smith, Leland, 243 Smith, Page, 204 Sokol, Jennifer (Jenny), 100 Sokol, Vilem, 15, 93–100 Sokoloff, Eleanor (pianist and pedagogue), 220, 221 Sokoloff, Nikolai (conductor), 215 Soni Ventorum (woodwind quintet), 13, 16, 17 Sooter, Edward, 140 Sparks, Richard, 114 Spiegel, Caroline, 31 Starker, Janos, 87, 92, 206 Staryk, Steven, 15 Stefano, Giovanni di, 133, 143 Stern, Adam, 117 Stern, Isaac, 276 Stewart, Malcolm, 72 Stewart, Thomas, 146 Still, William Grant, 99 Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra, 48, 91 Stockholm Royal Opera, 54 Stokowski, Leopold, 30 Storch, Laila, 16 Stowell, Kent, 241 Straley, Walter, 271 Stravinsky, Igor, 5, 6, 28, 83, 151, 165, 179, 239, 289 Streltzov, Cindy, 155 Stroum, Althea Diesenhaus, 69, 281–84 Stroum, Samuel N., 69, 281–84, 322 Stubbs, Stephen, 23, 100–106 Suderburg, Robert (composer), 13, 209 Sukhover, Olga, 20 Summers, Patrick, 151 Sutherland, Joan, 135 Suzuki, Shinichi, 99 Swanson, Albert, 94 Swanson, Eileen, 165, 196 Swiss Chamber Orchestra, 161 Szell, George, 90, 92, 98, 181 Szeryng, Henryk, Szigeti, Josef, 203, 276 T Tabuteau, Marcel, 16 Tafelmusik (Toronto), 161 Talvi, Ilkka, 67, 71, 123 Talvi, Marjorie Kransberg, 123, 192 Tchaikovsky International Competition, 28, 52–54, 153, 207 Tebaldi, Renata, 152 Temirkanov, Yuri, 11 Tetrazzini, Luisa, 142 Thomas, Karen P., 12–13, 114 index 359 Thomas, Ronald, 156 Thome, Diane, 12 Tindemans, Margriet, 23, 114 Tokyo Philharmonic, 64 Tommasini, Anthony (New York Times), 75, 248 Tonkonogui, David, 19 Toscanini, Arturo, 31–34, 36, 37, 124, 187 Totenberg, Nina, 149 Traoussier, Lucie (Rosenthal), 30 Traubel, Helen, 142, 143 Treiger, Irwin, 294 U Uchida, Mitsuko, 222 University of Houston School of Music, 44 University of Puget Sound, 58 University of Washington School of Music, 8, 13, 17, 21, 34, 174, 177, 206, 211, 224, 229, 236 V Valente, Richard, 279 Vancouver (BC) Symphony Orchestra, 93 Van Zandt, Dennis, 108–11 Velinzon, Alexander, 20 Verna, Mary Curtis, 14 Verneuil, Claudine (Rosenthal), 30, 277 Verrall, John, 14, 99, 190, 243 Vinzing, Ute, 137 Von Rhein, John (Chicago Tribune), 79 W Wade, George and Arlene, 155–56, 280 Wadsworth, Stephen, 141, 149 Wagner, Friedelind, 90 Wagner, Richard: Der Ring des Nibelungen, 14, 21, 111, 115, 117, 131, 133, 135, 136, 137, 138, 140, 141, 143, 145, 146, 148, 181, 279, 297, 301, 306, 309, 312, 328; Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg, 187, 199, 253; Lohengrin, 132, 143; Parsifal, 117, 133, 147, 148; Tannhäuser, 147, 148 Wagner, Siegfried, 90 360 index Wakin, Daniel (New York Times), 71 Walton, Frances, 118 Walton, Sir William, 132 Washington (D.C.) National Symphony, 54, 91, 162 Waterloo Festival (New Jersey), 62 Watjen, Craig, 288, 290 Watjen, Joan, 288, 290 Watjen Concert Organ (at Benaroya Hall), 63, 288, 290 Watt, Robert Denny, 65 Watts, André, 207, 313 Wayditch, Gabriel, 90 Weisskopf, Herbert, 278 Welke, Walter, 14 Wells, H G., 185 Western Opera Company, 134, 278–79 Wharton, Edith, 185 Wikarski (Miedel), Cordelia, 47–61, 125, 194, 201, 206 Wikarski, Eleonore, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54 Wikarski, Romuald, 201 Wildermann, William, 137 Williams, Joan Franks, 12 Williamson, Dean, 116–17 Wright, Elisabeth, 23, 103 Wolf, Hans, 116 Women in music, changing roles for, 12, 13 Wyers, Giselle, 12 Z Zetlin, Emanuel, 15, 189, 203 Zoro, Eugene (clarinet), 215 Zsigmondy, Dénes, 209 Zylstra, Nancy, 23, 105 ... congress cataloging-in-publication data Bargreen, Melinda, 1947– Classical Seattle : maestros, impresarios, virtuosi, and other music makers / Melinda Bargreen p cm Includes bibliographical references... Musicians—Washington (State) Seattle Biography Composers—Washington (State) Seattle Biography Conductors (Music)—Washington (State) Seattle Biography Impresarios—Washington (State) Seattle Biography Music... combined tell Seattle s classical musical history THE MAESTROS: The conductors who have determined the direction and the artistic development of not only the “majors”—the Seattle Symphony and Seattle