9780415607278.c:Layout 25/8/10 14:10 Page ISBN 978-0-415-60727-8 90000 780415 607278 Routledge Library Editions J R McCULLOCH ECONOMICS Routledge Library Editions — Economics HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT In 23 Volumes I A Select Bibliography of Modern Economic Theory II III IV V Early British Economics Nassau Senior The Theory of Marginal Value Ricardo and the Theory of Value Distribution VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII XVIII XIX XX XXI XXII XXIII Productive Labour and Effective Demand Coontz London Essays in Economics Gregory & Dalton Capitalism and the Historians Hayek The Origins of Scientific Economics Letwin The Individual in Society Macfie Essays on Hayek Machlup The Economics of Physiocracy Meek Karl Marx Mehring Marx's Critique of Political Economy I Oakley Marx's Critique of Political Economy II Oakley J R McCulloch O'Brien A Key to Ricardo St Clair Roads to Freedom Streissler Economics in the Twentieth Century Suranyi-Unger Elements of Pure Economics Walras The Common Sense of Political Economy I Wicksteed The Common Sense of Political Economy II Wicksteed Social Economics von Wieser Batson Beer Bowley Birck and Growth Caravale & Tosato J R McCULLOCH A Study in Classical Economics D P O'BRIEN First published in 1970 Reprinted in 2003 by Routledge Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 R N or 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 First issued in paperback Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group © 1970 Routledge All rights reserved No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers The publishers have made every effort to contact authors/copyright holders o f t h e w o r k s r e p r i n t e d i n Routledge Library Editions — Economics T h i s h a s not been possible in every case, however, and we would welcome correspondence from those individuals/companies we have been unable to trace These reprints are taken from original copies of each book In many cases the condition of these originals is not perfect The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of these reprints, but wishes to point out that certain characteristics of the original copies will, of necessity, be apparent in reprints thereof British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library J R McCulloch ISBN - - - 3 - (hbk) ISBN - - - 7 - (pbk) ISBN - - - 3 - (set) ISBN 978-1-134-55911-4 (ebk) Miniset: History of Economic Thought Series: Routledge Library Editions - Economics R McCULLOCH A Study in Classical Economics BY D P O'BRIEN Ph.D Reader in Economics The Queen's University of Belfast RRoutledge Taylor & Francis Group LONDON AND NEW YORK FIRST PUBLISHED IN I97O This book is copyright under the Berne Convention All rights reserved Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, 1956, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical, chemical, mechanical, opticaly photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner Enquiries should be addressed to the Publishers © Routledge 1970 ISBN o 04 330158 CONTENTS PREFACE I I N T R O D U C T I O N II J O H N R A M S A Y M c C U L L O C H - page 13 15 17 HI M c C U L L O C H A N D T H E P R E S S The Scotsman The Edinburgh Review Occasional Journalism 22 22 34 42 iv M c C U L L O C H AS A T E A C H E R The Edinburgh Lectures The Ricardo Memorial Lectures Attempts to Establish Chairs in Scotland London University Conclusion 45 45 48 57 61 68 v M c C U L L O C H AS AN A U T H O R The Political Economist The Statistician Conclusion 69 69 84 98 vi M c C U L L O C H IN P U B L I C L I F E The Political Economist McCulloch and his Contemporaries McCulloch's Official Career 100 100 104 115 vii M c C U L L O C H ' S E C O N O M I C W R I T I N G S 121 VIII V A L U E 126 126 I27 132 135 138 140 141 143 146 The Development of the Theory The Debate to 1823 The Encyclopaedia The Break with Ricardo and Bailey's Attack The 1825 Principles New Attacks and the Wealth of Nations McCulloch's volte face The Impact of Rival Thinkers Conclusion ix T H E T H E O R Y OF M O N E Y A N D OF B A N K I N G Preliminaries Monetary Forces and the Level of Activity Forced Saving and Inflation A* 147 147 153 159 Bibliography Griffith, G T., Population Problems of the Age of Malthus, Cambridge, 1926 Haberler, G., The Theory of International Trade, London, 1936 Halevy, E., The Growth of Philosophical Radicalism, trans Morris, London, 1928 Handover, P M., A History of the London Gazette 1665-1965, London, 1965 Hicks, J R., The Theory of Wages, London, 1963 Himes, N E., 'John Stuart Mill's Attitude towards Neo-Malthusianism', Economic History, Vol I (1926-9), pp 457-84 Himes, N E., 'McCulloch's Relation to the Neo-Malthusian Propaganda of his Time: An Episode in the History of English Neo-Malthusianism', Journal of Political Economy, Vol 37 (1929), pp 73-86 Hodder, E., The Life and Work of the Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, London, 1886 Hollander, J H (ed.), Letters of Ricardo to McCulloch Publications of the American Economic Association, Vol X , 1895 Hollander, J H., David Ricardo, A Centenary Estimate, Baltimore, 1910 Hollander, J H., 'The Work and Influence of Ricardo', American Economic Review Suppt., April 1911 Hollander, J H., 'The Development of the Theory of Money from Adam Smith to Ricardo', Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol X X V (19*1), pp 429-70 Holtrop, M W., 'Theories of the Velocity of Circulation of Money in Earlier Economic Literature', Economic History, Vol I (1929), pp 503-24 Hoselitz, B F (ed.), Theories of Economic Growth, Glencoe, Illinois, i960 Houghton, W et al., Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals, Toronto, 1966 Hughes, J R T., Fluctuations in Trade, Industry and Finance 1850-60, Oxford, i960 Hutchison, T W., The Significance and Basic Postulates of Economic Theory, London, 1938 Hutchison, T W., 'Positive' Economics and Policy Objectives, London, 1964 Hutt, W H., Economists and the Public, London, 1936 Iverson, C., International Capital Movements, London, 1935 Johnson, H G., 'Demand for Commodities is Not Demand for Labour', Economic Journal, Vol 59 (1949), pp 531-6 Johnson, H G., 'A Catarrh of Economists ?', Encounter, Vol 30, No (May 1968), pp 50-4 Knight, F., 'The Ricardian Theory of Production and Distribution' Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, Vol I (1935), pp 3-25, 171-96 Knorr, K E., British Colonial Theories, Toronto, 1944 Kojima, K., 'Ricardo's Theory of International Balance of Payments Equilibrium', Annals of the Hitotsubashi Academy, October 1951, pp 76-92 Kurihara, K (ed.), Post-Keynesian Economics, London, 1962 Lambert, P., 'The Law of Markets Prior to J.-B Say and the Say-Malthus Debate', International Economic Papers, No (1956), pp 7-22 Leroy-Beaulieu, P., 'On Taxation in General' in Musgrave, R A and Peacock, A T Classics in the Theory of Public Finance, London, 1958, pp 151-64 Letiche, J M., 'Adam Smith and David Ricardo on Economic Growth', in Hoselitz, B F (ed.), op cit 438 Bibliography Link, R G., English Theories of Economic Fluctuations 1815-48, New York, 1959 Lipsey, R G., 'The Theory of Customs Unions: A General Survey', Economic Journal, Vol L X X (i960), pp 496-513 Lowe, A., 'The Classical Theory of Economic Growth', Social Research, Vol 21 (i954)> PP- 127-58 McCleary, G F., The Malthusian Population Theory, London, 1953 Macfie, A L., The Individual in Society, London, 1967 MacGregor, D H., Economic Thought and Policy, Oxford, 1949 MacKay, C., Forty Tears9 Recollections, London, 1877 McKiniey, E W., The Theory of Economic Development in the English Classical School, University of California Ph.D thesis, 1954 McKiniey, E W., 'The Problem of "Underdevelopment" in the English Classical School', Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol 69 (1955), pp 235-52 McKiniey, E W., 'The Theory of Economic Growth in the English Classical School', in Hoselitz, B F (ed.), op cit McKiniey, E W., 'Ricardo Sulle Macchine' Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Economiche e Commercial^ Vol XIII (1966), pp 570-6 Mallet, J L., See Political Economy Club Martineau, H., History of the Thirty Tears Peace, London, 1877 Mason, W E., The Classical Theory of Adjustment to Unilateral Capital Transfers, Ph.D Thesis, Princeton, 1952 Mason, W E., 'Some Neglected Contributions to the Theory of International Transfers', Journal of Political Economy, Vol LXIII (1955), pp 529-35 Mathews, R C O., 'Capital Stock Adjustment Theories of the Trade Cycle and the Problem of Policy', in Kurihara, op cit Murray, J., Jury Court Reports, Vol I l l , Edinburgh, 1822-5 Musgrave, R A., The Theory of Public Finance, New York (International Student edition), 1959 Myint, H., 'The Welfare Significance of Productive Labour', Review of Economic Studies, Vol 11 (1943), pp 20-30 Myrdal, G., The Political Element in the Development of Economic Theory, trans P Streeten, London, 1953 New, C., Life of Henry Brougham to 1830, Oxford, 1961 O'Brien, D P., 'McCulloch and India', Manchester School, Vol 33 (1965), PP 3I3-I7 O'Brien, D P., 'Torrens on Wages and Emigration', Economica, Vol 33 (1966), pp 336-40 Opie, R., 'A Neglected British Economist: George Poulett Scrope', Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol 44 (1930), pp 101-37 Packe, M., The Life of John Stuart Mill, London, 1954 Pasinetti, L., 'A Mathematical Formulation of the Ricardian System', Review of Economic Studies, Vol 27 (i960) Patinkin, D., Money Interest and Prices, second edition, New York, 1965 Penrose, E., 'Malthus and the Underdeveloped Areas', Economic Journal, Vol 67 (1957), PP- 219-39 Plummer, A., 'Sir Edward West (1782-1828)', Journal ofPolitical Economy, Vol 37 0929)> PP- 573-82 439 Bibliography Political Economy Club, Proceedings, Vol IV, London, 1882 Political Economy Club, Proceedings, Vol VI, Centenary Volume, London, 1921 Quaritch, B., Dictionary of English Book Collectors, Part V I (February 1895) Rauner, R M., Samuel Bailey and the Classical Theory of Value, London, 1961 Richardson, G B., Information and Investment: a Study in the Working of the Competitive Economy, Oxford, i960 Robbins, Lord, The Theory of Economic Policy in English Classical Political Economy, London, 1952 Robbins, Lord, 'Schumpeter's History of Economic Analysis', Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol 69 (1955), pp 1-22 Robbins, Lord, Robert Torrens and the Evolution of Classical Economics•, London, 1958 Royal Statistical Society, Annals of the Royal Statistical Society, London, 1934 St Clair O., A Key to Ricardo, London, 1957 Samuelson, P., 'A Modern Treatment of the Ricardian Economy I The pricing of goods and of labour and land services', Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol 73 (1959), PP- i~35 Sayers, R S., 'Ricardo's Views on Monetary Questions' - in Ash ton and Sayers, Papers in English Monetary History, Oxford, 1953 Schumpeter, J A., History of Economic Analysis, London, 1954 Seligman, E R A., Progressive Taxation in Theory and Practice, Princeton, 1909 Shehab, F., Progressive Taxation A Study in the Development of the Progressive Principle in the British Income Tax, Oxford, 1953 Shoup, C., Ricardo on Taxation, New York, i960 Smith, V E., 'The Classicists Use of Demand', Journal of Political Economy, Vol 59 (1951), PP- 242-57 Spengler, J J., 'Malthus' Total Population Theory: a Restatement and Reappraisal', Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, Vol X I (1946), pp 83-110 and 234-64 Spengler, J J., 'Adam Smith's Theory of Economic Growth', Southern Economic Journal, Vol 25 (1959), pp 397-4 i 5; Vol 26 (i959-6°)> PP- i - ' * Spengler, J., 'John Stuart Mill on Economic Development', in Hoselitz (ed.), op cit Spring, D., 'Earl Fitzwilliam and the Corn Laws', American Historical Review, Vol 59 (i954)> PP- 287-304 Stigler, G J., Production and Distribution Theories, New York, 1941 Stigler, G J., 'The Ricardian Theory of Value and Distribution', Journal of Political Economy, Vol 60 (1952), pp 187-207 Stigler, G J., 'Sraffa's Ricardo', American Economic Review, Vol 43 (1953), pp 586-99 Stokes, E., The English Utilitarians and India, Oxford, 1959 Streeten, P., 'The Theory of Profit', Manchester School, Vol 17 (1949), pp 266-96 Strout, A L., 'John Wilson's Election to the Professorship of Moral Philosophy 1820', Journal of English Literary History, Vol V I (1939), pp 291-9 440 Bibliography Strout, A L., A Bibliography of Articles in Blackwood's Magazine 1817-25, Lubbock, Texas, 1959 Swann, E., Christopher North (John Wilson), Edinburgh, 1934 Taussig, F., Wages and Capital, London, 1896 Thweatt, W O., 'A Diagrammatic Presentation of Adam Smith's Growth Model', Social Research, Vol 24 (1957), pp 227-30 Tucker, G S L., Progress and Profits in British Economic Thought, Cambridge, i960 Viner, J., Canada's Balance of International Indebtedness 1goo-13, Cambridge, Mass., 1924 Viner, J., The Customs Union Issue, New York, 1950 Viner, J., 'Schumpeter's History of Economic Analysis', American Economic Review, Vol 44 (1954), pp 894-910 Viner, J., Studies in the Theoiy of International Trade, London, 1955 Viner, J., The Long View and the Short, Glencoe, Illinois, 1958 Wallas, G., Life of Francis Place, London, 1918 Webb, R K., The British Working Class Reader, 1790-1848, London, 1955 Wermel, M T., The Evolution of the Classical Wage Theory, New York, 1939 Wilson, R., Capital Imports and the Terms of Trade, Melbourne, 1931 Winch, D., Classical Political Economy and Colonies, London, 1965 Winch, D (ed.), Mill, J., Selected Economic Writings, Edinburgh, 1966 Zoysa, H R de, Changing Attitudes of Economists Towards Public Debt, M.Sc (Econ.) thesis, London, 1962 441 SUBJECT ability-to-pay, 123, 230-2 absenteeism, 26, 41 absolute advantage, 191-7 agriculture, 16, 279-80, 282-3, 374-401 agricultural cobweb, 380-1 agricultural development, 374-8 Aiton's case, 23, 25, 28-9 apprenticeships, 365 'assessed taxes', 260 auction duties, 259 balance of payments, 192, 204-8 Bank Act (1844), 122, 183-8 banking, 38, 77, 81, 107, 122, 167-90, 281-2 Banking School, 169-88 passim bullion plan, 167-77, 190 Bullion Report, 151, 158, 168, 172, 176, 182, 189 INDEX direct taxation, 244-54 distribution, 55, 64, 284-5 division of labour, 55, 196, 276-7 education, 55, 77, 274, 280, 344-7 emigration, 16, 108, 274, 331-6 entails, 289-90 equalization of net advantages, 364 export duties, 226 factory system, 250, 284 -5, 370-3 Gilbert's Act, 328 gluts, 55 government, 64, 232-3, 278-9, 285-91, 301 growth, 16, 123, 229-70 passim hours, of labour, 370-3 house tax, 260 capital, 55 capital (and growth), 274-6 child labour, 241, 283, 288, 370-3 import duties, 223-6 Classical Economics, 15 incidence, general, 239-43 classics, 69 income tax, 245-51 coal trade, 38 India, 339-4* coal, taxes on, 259 indirect taxation, 255-63 colonies, 64, 107, 336-44 inflation, 159-67 Combination Laws, 40, 113, 366-70 insurance, 64 commerce - see trade insurance, taxes on, 259 communications, 281, 286, 287 interest, 309-12 comparative costs, 191-7 international trade, 15-16 consumption, 64 inter-sectoral equality, 234-5 Corn Laws, 16, 51, 55, 78, 98, too, 107, inventions, 198-9, 277 Ireland, 16, 123, 214-17, 241, 255, 262, 1*3, 378-95 274,278,279,283,290,347-53,375» Cuba case, 227-8 Currency School, 122, 167-88 passim 377-8* 389 443 Subject Index 444 INDEX OF NAMES Biddle, N., 107 Birkbeck, G., 320 Bitterman, H J., 285 Black, Adam, 78, m - Black, John, 325, 327, 329, 354 Black, R D C., 13, 144, 145, 216, 278, 287, 290, 307, 313, 331, 336, 347, Aberdeen, Lord, 96, 108 Aiton, W., 28 Almack, J., 385 Alsop, R., 107 Althorp, Lord, 39, 40, 41 Anderson, J., 124, 386, 397 Arbuthnot, G., 158, 159, 185 Archibald, G G., 147 Arkwright, R., 273, 300 Arvidsson, G., 131 Asgill, J., 81 Ashton, T S., 152 Aspinall, A., 42 Atkinson, W., 202, 221 Auchengool, 17, 18, 25, 99 , , 375, 377 Blackwood, J., 99 Blackwood's Magazine, 19, 30, 32, 70 Blake, W., 148, 151, 152, 153, 158, 162, 168, 169, 182, 190, 211, 308 Blaug, M., 28, 96-8, 128, 130, 133, 139, 146, 284, 292, 310, 314, 318, 322, , , , 372 Bailey, S., 115, 137, 138, 139, 140, 146 Bain, A., 48, 49, 72, 104, 115, 334 Balantyne, 40 Balassa, B., 147 Ball, R.J., 147 Banfield, T C., 398 Bank of England, 38, 39, 51, 52, 82, 87, 96, 162-4, 167-88 passim Bankers' Circular, 42 Bannatyne, D., 95, 347 Baring, A., 150, 158, 201 Baring, T., 83 Baring, W B., 51 Barton, J., 243, 302-6 passim, 317, 322, , , , 354, 3$* Baumol, W J., 147, 295 Becker, G S., 147 Bellot, H Hale, 63-6 passim, 99 Bensabat, Amzalak, 77 Bentham, J., 259, 311, 338 Bickerdike, G F„ 253 Bodkin, R., 147 Bdhm-Bawerk, E., 310 Bonar, J., 314, 360 Bourne, H R Fox, 23, 42 Bowen, I., 317 Bowley, M., 13, 144, 145, 316, 326, 327, 3 , i , , , 405 Bowring, J., 93, 338 Boyd, W., 150 Brande, W T., 85 Brookes, H., 83 Brougham, H., 20, 30, 41, 42, 43, 61-7 passim, 73, 77, 82, 101, 102, 103,108, 1 - , 3 , 344, i Buchanan, David, 152 Buchanan, D H., 133 Buchanan, J M., 266 Buckingham, J., 40 Bullock, G J., 244 Burke, E., 341, 383 Burn, R., 325 Burnie, J A., 62, 104 445 Index of Names Defoe, D., 324, 328, 329 De Morgan, A , 67 Dempster, Dr D., 18 De Quincey, T , 137, 145 De Zoysa, H R , 235 Dignan,154 Dobb, M , 361, 372 Douglass, P H., 367 Doyle, Bp J W., 353 Drescher, L., 376 Drummond, H., 380, 385 Dudley and Ward, Lord, 58 Duer, J., 107 Durham, Lord, 43 Burstein, M L., 147 Butt, I., 144 Caddel, T , 57 Calthorpe, Lord, 51, 64 Cannan, E., 130, 133,272,293,294, 299, 310, 3H> 317, 356, 357, 358, 360, 363, 364, 365, 396, 397, 398 Canning, G., 58, 60 Carey, H C., 399 Carlyle, T , 36, 99 Carmichael, J., 378, 389 Cartter, A M , 367 Cassells, J M , 128 Castlereagh, Lord, 102 Cauvin, J., 89 Chadwick, H., 107, 326 Chalmers, T , 36, 271, 346, 347, 400 Chambers Encyclopaedia, 105 Checkland, S G., 34, 64, 287 Child, Sir, J., 275 Chipman, J S., 404 Clarendon, see Villiers Clower, R W., 147 Coats, A W , 362, 370 Coates, T , 63-$passim, 72, 73, 77,90,95, Easthope, Sir, J., 107 East India Company, 51, 92, 115, 201, 203, 340-1 Edelberg, V , 293 Eden, Sir F M., 298, 325, 327, 351 Edgeworth, F Y , 252, 253 Edinburgh, 45-8, 52, 55, 5® Edinburgh Annual Register, 73 Edinburgh Review, 19, 22, 34-42, 74-5, 78, 86, 90, 113 Edinburgh University, 33, 37, 40, 57-61, 96 70 Cockburn, Lord, 22, 27, 29, 75 Colquhoun, P., 85 Constable, A., 19, 28, 57, 72, 73 Corry, B A , 97, 307 Cotterill, C F., 144 Cotton, Sir R , 165 Coulson, W., 33, 36, 37, 76, 81, 82, 104, Edwards, E., 375, 395, 399 Edwards, R D., 349 Ellice, E., 116 Elliott, H S R , 325 Ellis, W., 305, 306 Empson, W., 34 Encyclopaedia Britannica, 19, 35, 36, 40, 71, 73, 78, 105, 126-46 and passim 107, 288, 290, 318, 326, 328 Courier, 20, 42, 100, 116 Coventry, A., 58, 70 Cowell, J W , 306 Craig, J., 137 Cramp, A B., 187 Crawford, J., 78 Crawford, W S., 53 Croly, G , 32, 334 Cropper, J., 92 Cryder, J., 106-7 Czartoryski, Prince, 46 Dacre, Lord, 51 Dalbiac, Sir J C., 378, 389 Darton, T G., 89 Decker, Sir M., 196-7, 388 Fagg,J E., 13, III Faucher, L£on, 79 Ferrier, J F., 30, 32 Fetter, F W , 32, 34, , 99, 107, 122, 152, 189 Fisher, I., 131, 273 Fonblanque, A., 99 Ford, P G , , 93, 119 Foster, J L , 214 Foxwell, H S., 225, 226 Freeman, A M., 99 Frend, W., 249 Froude, A., 99 Fukoka, M , 17, 305 Fullarton, J., 151 446 Index of Names Gardiner, H , 217 Gatty, R , 13, 213 Ghosh, R N , 332, 335, 344 Gilbert, J W , 176 Gladstone, E W , 14, 64 Gladstone, J , 14, 64 Gladstone, W E., 16, 112, 118, 119, 225, 235, 259, 263, 268, 269, 404 Glasgow University, 60 Globe and Traveller, see Traveller Godwin, M r (Consul at Palermo), 88 Goodwin, C D , 157, 224, 288, 339 Goldstrom, J M , 346 Gordon, Mrs, 31, 110 Gordon, S., 224 Gouger, R , 343 Graham, Sir, J , 103, n o , 112 Grainger, T B., 377, 401 Gramp, W D , 101 Grattan, H., 348 Greene, E R R , 349 Grey, Lord, 101, 102, 116 Griffith, G T , 318 Grote, G , 49, 135 Grote, Mrs, 48, 49, 135 Guest, R , 96 Guizot, F., 20, 21 Gurney, H , 48 Gurney, S., 107 Hogg, T J , , 37 Holland, G C , 378, 385, 389 Holland, Lord, 102 Hollander, J., 71, 101, 122,150,189, 241 Holtrop, M W , 155 Hookham (bookseller), 49 Hope, John, 23, 33, 58, 59 Hopkins, T , 396 Horner, Leonard, 62-7 passim Horton, Sir R J Wilmot, 51, 54, 92, 95, 108-9, 233, 289, 327, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 343> 344, 349, 354 Hoselitz, B F., 271, 280 Houghton, E R , 34, 36 Houghton, W E., 348 Howlett, Rev J , 325, 329 Humboldt, A von, 164 Hume, D., 15, 16, 69, 98, 121-5 passim, 149, 163, 205, 244, 280, 404, 150, 166, 206, 256, 309, 405 151, 167; 214, 263, 315, 153, 189, 223, 266, 319, 159, 190, 238, 267, 337, 160, 192, 239, 268, 365, 162, 198, 242, 270, 401, Hume, J , 20, 48, 49, 92, 108 Hume, J D , , 394 Hughes, J R T , 187 Hurst, B M , 13, 79, 87 Huskisson, W , 33, 48, 50, 51, 58, 59, 60, 61, 103, 108, 158, 176, 191, 235, 381 Haberler, G , 201 Hahn, F H , 147 Haldimand, W , 51 Hamilton, A , 259 Hamilton, R , 230, 237, 264, 265, 268, Hutcheson, A , 267, 268, 404 Hutchison, T W , 13, 98 Hutt, W H , 370 Hamilton, Sir W , 31 Handover, P M , 117, 120 Hankey, Thomson, 83 Hansard, L G , 34, 93, 118-19 Harris, Joseph, 154, 165, 166, 167 Harrison, R , 325 Hayter, Sir W G , 118 Hicks, J R.,358, 372 Higgins, G , 357 Hill, Rowland, 83 Himes, N E , 316, 357 Hobbes, T , 132 Hodder, E , 371 Hodges, G W , 328, 329 Hodgskin, T , 230 Jacob, W , 86, 162, 164 Jaudon, S., 107 Jeffrey, F., 19, 23, 33, 35, , 58, 59> 6o > 269, 270, 404 Iversen, C , 210 61, 65, 75, 109 Johnson, Dr S., 86 Johnson, H G , 312-13, 359, 360 Johnstone, W , 32 Jones, R , 124, 401 Kennedy, L , 377, 401 Keynes, J M., 124, 215, 312-13 Kindersley, R , 83 K i n g , Lord, 51, 189 Knight, Frank, H , 128 Knoor, K E , 331, 335, 33^, 337, 338 447 Index of Names as author, 15, 18-19, 20, 21, 69-99 on banking, 38, 122, 163-90 Kojima, K , 192, 193 Kurihara, K , 307 children, 18 civil servant, Laing, Rev J , 17, 18, 69 Lambert, P., 154 Lange, O , 147 Lansdowne, Lord, 50, 51 Lardner, D , 63 Lauderdale, Lord, 146 Lawson, J A , 144 Lefevre, J , 49 Leibnitz, G W , 276 Leifchild, J R , 78 Leroy-Beaulieu, P., 238 Leslie, J , 58, 70 Leslie, T C , 360 Letiche, J M , 271 Lewis, F., 20, 51, 57, 58, 59, 108 Lewis, G C , 21, 70, 79, 111, 112, 118, 15, 20, 42, 88, 115-20,402 on colonies, 336-44 in, and contemporaries, 15, 104-15 on Corn Laws, 16, 378-95 education, 18, 69-70 on emigration, 16, 123, 3 - growth, 16, 271-313 123, 229-70 passim, health, 21, 37 and history of economic thought, 80-3 international trade theory, 15-6, 122, 191-228 on Ireland, 16, 123, - , 241, 255, 262, 274, 278, 279, 283, 290, 347-53, 375, 377~8, 389 as journalist, 15, 19, 22-44, 02 156, 183, 184, 185, 186, 263, 330, life, 17-21 literary pension, 111 and method, 96-8 on monetary theory, , 2 , 147-90 on pauperism, 16, 123, 319-31* 347~53 and Peel, 16, 110-12, 392 375 Lewis, W A , 313 Link, R G , 307 Lipsey, R G , 147, 223 Liverpool, 20, 45, 52 Liverpool, Lord, 59 politics, 100-3, 113 Liverpool Mercury, 52 as professional economist, 15 Lloyd, W F., 143, 145, 397 Locke, J , 132, 138, 146, 165, 166, 190 Lockhart, J G , 31, 32 London University, 20, 37, 40, 56, 61-8, public finance, 16, 122-3, 229-70 on rent, 16, 123, 395~4 01 and Scottish tradition, 98, - , 315, 401, 402-5 106, 113, 114, 115, 402 self-plagiarism, 26-7, 73-5 statistical work, 42, 69, 84-98 Long, Professor, 67 Longfield, M , 143, 144, 172, 216, 293, 358,397>40i,45 Longmans, 34, 37, 76, 79, 80, 82, 87, 88, as teacher, 15, 19, 20, 45-68, 402 on trade unions, 16, 366-70 on value theory, 15, 122, 126-46 89, 96 on wages, 16, 355~73 Longson, W , 108 Lowe, A , 271, 312 Lowe, R , 83 L o y d , Lewis, 175 McCulloch, S., 17, 18 McCulloch, W , 17 Macfie, A L , 98 MacGregor, D H , 287 M a c K a y , C , 325 M c K i n l a y , E , 159, 271, 287, 289, 303 Mackintosh, Sir J , 50, 51 Macaulay, Lord, 1 - McCleary, G F , 314 McCulloch, Alexander, 106 McCulloch, Edward, 17 McCulloch, Edward (Jnr.), 18 McCulloch, J R MacLaren, C., 19, 22-33 passim M a c Q u e e n , J , 339 on absenteeism, 26, 208-17 on agriculture, 16, 374-401 anti-Malthusian, 16, 314-19, 353, 362 Mallett, J L., 39,92, 105,114, 166, 239, 318, 330 Malthus, T R., 37,47,71, 130,135,136, i37» !4°> l5*> l6o > 210, 216, 236, 448 Index of Names Malthus, T R (cont.) 272, 273, 274, 277, 278, 279, 282, 296* 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 306, 307> 30®,3i4-i9> 324,33°,33i, 332, 333, 335, 344, 345, 34^, 353, 357, 360, 361, 364, 380, 386, 397 Marcet, Mrs J., 355, 360 Marshall, A , 134,361,367,370,397,398 Martin, H M , 89 Martineau, H., 41 Marx, K , 137 Mason, W £., 208, 209, 211, 214, 215 Massie, J., 159, 309 Mathews, R G O , 307 Mease, L., 399 Mechanics Magazine, 68 Melbourne, Lord, 20, 60, 117 Melon, J F., 266 Melville, Lord, 23, 33, 57, 58, 59 Mengottie, F., 154 Merivale, H., 76, 248, 253, 296, 344 Mill, J., 16, 20, 21, 26, 30, 48-9, 50, 58, 61-7 passim, 72, 77, 113-15, 120, 129, 131, 136, 137, 140, 160, 162, 196, 236, 252, 256, 257, 316, 318, 325, 331, 334, 337, 338i 341, 355, 357, 399 Mill, J S., 34, 35, 57, 72, 76,80,97,107, 113, 145, 193, 194* 229, 230, 231, 235, 242, 247, 249, 253, 275, 289, 296, 299, 318, 327, 330, 342, 343, 35i, 357, 358, 359, 364* 366, 367, 375,376,400 Milton, Lord, 51 Minto, Lord, 51 Monteagle, Lord, see Spring Rice 'Mordecai Mullion*, 26, 27, 31, 73-5,85 Morning Chronicle, 49, 50, 52, 53, 56, 57, 64, 68, 101 Morrison, Major C., 107 Morrison, J., 20, 7 , , - , 1 , Mundell, A , 181 Munro, J., 13, 22 Murray, J., 28 Murray, J A , 13, 28, 69, 83, 95 Murray, T , 17,18,47,50, 71, 75,78,89, 104, 107, i n , 117 Musgrave, R A , 231, 238 Mushet, R , 97, 99, 151, 164, 267 Myint, H., 273 Mydral, Q., 123, 232, 249 Napier, MacVey, 19, 21, 27, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 50, 5i, 52, 53, 54, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61-7 passim, 71, 72, 76, 77, 78, 80, 84, 85,86, 87, 90, 92, 95, 101, 102, 103, 104, 106, 107, 108, 109, n o , i n , 113, 114, 115, 116, 176, 179, 217, 246, 247, 250, 251, 262, 321, 322, 325, 326, 327, 330, 336, 340, 347, 35i, 372 Neilson, D N., 54 New, C., 117 Newenham, T , 349, 350 Newmarch, W., 187, 235, 265 Newport, Sir John, 92 Nicol & Fowler, 91 Norman, G W., 82, 106, 122, 174, 235, 328, 329 North, Sir D., 202 O'Brien, D P., 334, 339 Ohlin, B., 215 Opie, R.,319 Overstone, Lord, 20, 41, 81, 82, 83, 99, 104, 105-6, 107, 120, 122, 171, 172, 174, 182, 183, 184, 185, 188, 190, 290,394 Owen, R , 98, 321 Packe, M St John, 57 Palmer, J Horsley, 167 Palmerston, Lord, 96 Parnell, Sir H., 26, 34, 39, 50, 73, 77, 181, 214, 222, 227, 338, 348 Pasinetti, G., 133 Patinkin, D., 147 Patriot, 68 Pattison, G S., 67 Peacock, A T , 238 Peacock, T L , 99, 402 Pechio, L , 35 Peel, Sir R , 16, 20, 80, 101, 102, 103, 110-12, 162, 165, 225, 249, 263, 392-3, 394, 395, 404 Penrose, E., 277, 279, 318 Petty, Sir W , 208 Philips, G , 50, 51 Pitt, W , 268 Place, Francis, 27, 40, 47, 80, 81, 102, 108, 113, 146, 316, 357 Plummer, A , 397 Police Gazette, 119-20 449 Index of Names Political Economy Club, 20, 81, 82, 92, 104,105,106,114,166,170,224, 394 Porter, G R , 116 Prescott, W G , 83, 105 Provost, G , 71, 105, 193, 285, 286 Price, R , 269 Pryme, G , 47 Public Record Office, 75 370, 405 Robinson, D., 30, 32, 346 Robinson, F J , 50, 51, , , , 235, 263 Rogan, F., 349, 350 Rolt, R , 86 Rosen, Professor, 67 Royal Statistical Society, 91 Russell, Lord John, 46, 51, 88, 93, 94, H I , 33° Quaritch, B., 81, 82 Quarterly Review, 41 Quesnay, F., 73 Rain, A , 17 Rain, J , 17 Rauner, R M , 115, 137 Read, S., 27, 140 Rees, D , see Longmans Reid, H G , 17, 18, 21, 78, 87, 96, 105, n , 119 Ricardo, D , , , , , , , , , , , , 48, 55, 70, 7* , 73, 8o> 83, 91, 92, 95, I O I > passim, 126-43 passim, 146, 149, 150, 151, 152, * , *5q> *59, 161, 162, 163, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 175, 176, i77> 180, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, *95, 196, 197> *98, 201, 205, 210, 211, 213, 218, 221, 222, 223, 224, 226, 227, 229, 230, 232, 235, 236, 237, 238, 240, 241, 242, 244, 245, 247, 251, 253, 254, 256, 257, 259, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 271, 276, 281, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 309, 3*2, 313, 3*5, 3*9, 320, 321, 3, 33°> 33*> 334, 342, 353, 359, 3^o, 361, 362, 364, 367, 369, 375, 379, 380, 381, 383, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 39*> 392, 393> 395> 396, 397, 399, ° ° , 4° l > 4°3, 4°4, 45 Ricardo, J L , 83 Richardson (bookseller), 49 Richardson, G B., 156 Rickards, R , 341 Sadler, J , 319 St Clair, O , 129, 131, 315, 358 Samuelson, P A , 133 Say, J B., , 9 , , , , 5 , , 233, 237, 259, 277, 356 Sayers, R S., 152, 153, 163 Schumpeter,J A , , , , , , 356, 363, 370, 397» 398 Scotsman, 19,22-34,59, 73, 74-5,100,402 Scott, Jonathan, 31, 73 Scott, Sir W , 171 Scrope, Poulett, 76, 144, 317, 319, 327, 349 S D U K , 72, 77, 89, 90, 93, 95 Seligman, E R A , 123, 232, 249 Semmel, B., 137 Senior, N W , 34, 120, 140, 143, 145, 227, 228, 274, 316, 318, 327, 328, 33°, 333, 335, 351, 356, 357, 359, 362, 365, 394, 397, 405 Shaftesbury, Lord, 371 Shoup, C , 229, 230, 238, 245, 253, 403 Sidmouth, Lord, 102 Sienkiewicz, K , 27, 28, 45-6, 81 Sismondi, J , 295, 303, 304, 305 Skinner, A , 98 Smart, W , 310 Smith, Adam, 16, 46, 55, 69, 83, 121-5 Ritchie, W , 19, 22-33 passim, 50, 51, 59, 81, 100 Robbins, Lord, 13, 71, , , , , 192, 227, 286, 287, 331, 335, 336, 450 passim, 128, 129, 138, 139, 140, 146, 149, 193, 207, 223, 234, 245, 261, 275, 296, 313, 338, 150, 197, 209, 224, 235, 247, 262, 277, 299, 314, 342, 153, 198, 211, 227, 236, 251, 265, 282, 300, 3i9, 343, 165, 199, 218, 229, 239, 253, 268, 284, 302, 324, 345, 175, 201, 219, 230, 240, 254, 271, 285, 309, 327, 356, 190, 202, 221, 231, 241, 256, 273, 291, 311, 336, 357, 191, 203, 222, 232, 242, 258, 274, 295, 312, 337, 360, Index of Names 163, 164, 166, 175, 180, 182, 183, Smith, Adam (cont) 361, 363, 364, 365, 368, 376, 377, 393, 397, 398, 399> 4i, 44> 45 Smith, G , 51 Smith, J B., 49 Smith, John, 50, 58, 61 Smith, V E., 132 Somerset, Duke of, 88 SotirofF, G , 318 Spengler, J J., 271, 277, 280, 285, 313 Spring, D., 383 Spring Rice, T , Lord Monteagle, 35, 3">, 3*8, 379, 381, 394, 45 Torrens, R., 16, 31, 43,50, 71, 73,83,88, 106,119-20,122,124,129,131,135, 139, 142, 146, 167, 172, 174, 191, 194, 196, 205, 207, 222, 227-8, 241, 318, 321, 331, 335, 342, 372, 379, 380, 381, 382, 384, 388, 391, 394, 397, 405 Townsend, Rev J., 123, 316, 317, 320, 327 79-80, 117 Sraffa, P., 71, 121, 128, 241, 294 Stanhope, Earl, 80 Stark, W , 311 Stationery Office, 20,42, 78,115-20 Steuart, Sir J., 98 Stewart, Dugald, 59 Stewart, Isabella (Mrs McCulloch), 18 Stigler, G., 129, 131, 134, 29*, 258, 361, 398 Stokes, E., 375 Storch, H v., 151, 300 Streeten, P., 232, 310 Strout, A L., 31, 32 Stuart, Sir J., 30, 43, 116 Sun, 42 Swann, E., 27, 31, 57, 60, 75 Swift, Dean, 214 Traveller, 31, 50, 54, 56, 62, 70 Trevelyan, Sir C E., 117, 120 Trower, H., 46, 320 Tucker, Dean, 154 Tucker, G., 296 Tucker, G S L., 297 Tufnell, E C., 366 Turgot, A , 73 University College, London: see London University Van de Weyer, Sylvan, 81 Van Doren, G., 99 Vansittart, N., 171 Veritas, Jacob [pseud] 385 Verrie, P., 198 Villiers, G., Earl of Clarendon, 20, 51, 56-7, 92, 109-10, 116, 118 Viner, J., 122, 132, 133, 134, 163, 189, Tait, W , 34, 71, 76 Taussig, F., 355, 358, 360 Taylor, G., 378, 384, 387, 389, 393 Temple, W , 280 Tennant, C., 342, 343 Thorn, W , 347 'Thompson family', 331 Thompson, Perronet, 38, 75, 387, 391, 394, 397 Thomson, Poulett, 22, 23, 27, 38, 39,40, 59, 92, 95, 96, 102, 107, no, 115, 116-17, 144, 180 Thornton, H., 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 158, 167, 168, 169, 172, 175, 182, 183, 189, 190, 210, 216, 405 Thornton, W T , 360 Thweatt, W O , 271 Tighe, R S., 349, 350 The Times, 44, 61, 69 Tooke, T , 26, 49, 83, 96, 105, 141, 156, 199, 201, 210, 211, 213, 217, 223, 286 Wakefield, E., 348, 349, 351 Wakefield, E G., 143,276,277,300,333, 342, 348, 349, 354, 364, 396, 399 Wallace, R , 315 Wallas, G , 27, 40, 108, 366 Warburton, H., 26, 49 Watt, J , 273, 300 Webb, R K , 347 Webster, D., 106 Wermel, M T , 361 West, Sir E G , 295, 358, 363, 389, 397 Westminster, Duke of, 83 Westminster Review, 41, 80, 93, 113 Whately, R., 140,143,145,331, 346 Wheatley, J., 150, 189 White, Professor, 68 Whitmore, W , 51 451 Index of Names Whitmore, W W , 379, 380 Wicksell, K , 303 Williams, T D , 349 Wilson, A J , 87 Wilson, James, 82 Wilson, John (Christopher North) (see also Mordecai Mullion), 26, 27, 31, , 3 , , o > 73~5, * 10, Wilson, R , 217 Winch, D., 160, 196, 256, 318, 331, 333, 335,336,355 Wood, Sir Charles, 83, 166 Young, Arthur, 94, 325, 327 452 ... Editions J R McCULLOCH ECONOMICS Routledge Library Editions — Economics HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT In 23 Volumes I A Select Bibliography of Modern Economic Theory II III IV V Early British Economics. .. Collections and Archives Publications by McCulloch Encyclopaedia Britannica articles by McCulloch Edinburgh Review articles by McCulloch Articles in the Scotsman by McCulloch Translations and Adaptations... Clerk to the Signet.) McCulloch must therefore have taken a clerkship » See the discussion of McCulloch as Author See the discussion of McCulloch and the Press Ibid 19 J R McCulloch He also lectured