PHẦN CÁC THÌ CƠ BẢN TRONG TIẾNG ANH (phần 2) Thì hồn thành tiếp diễn (present perfect continuous) Use: - Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu khứ tiếp tục I have been working for hours - Diễn tả hành động xảy kết thúc khứ kết tại.(quan tâm tới kết quả) I am very tired now because I have been working hard for 10 hours Form:  Khẳng định: S + have/ has + been + V_ing + O  Phủ định: S + haven’t/ hasn’t + been + V-ing  Nghi vấn: Have/ Has + S + been + V-ing ? Note:  Dấu hiệu nhận biết - Trong câu hồn thành tiếp diễn thường có từ sau: All day, all week, since, for, for a long time, in the past week, recently, lately, up until now, and so far, almost every day this week, in recent years - Since + mốc thời gian - for + khoảng thời gian - all + thời gian (all the morning, all day, all hours….) Practice: Ex1: Chia động từ sau sang HTHT HTHTTD I (try)…………… to learn English for years but I (not succeed)………… I (wait)………………… for two hours, but she (not come ) …………….yet She (read)……………… all the works of Dickens How many have you (read) …………….? I (wait)…………… hear nearly half an hour for my girlfriend Joana Do you think she (forget) …………… to come? Mary (rest)…………… in the garden all day because she (be)…………… ill Although John (study) ……………at the university for five years he (not get) …………… his degree yet Jack (go) ……… ….to Switzerland for a holiday I never (be)………… there 8 We (live)………… for the last five months, and just ( decide)……… to move You already (drink) …………….3 cups of tea since I (sit) …………… here 10 That book (lie)………… on the table for weeks You (not read)………… it yet? Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Pas Perfect Continuous) Use: - Diễn đạt hành động xảy trước hành động khứ (nhấn mạng tính tiếp diễn) I had been thinking about that before you mentioned it (Tôi nghĩ điều trước câu đề cập tới) - Diễn đạt hành động nguyên nhân điều q khứ Sam gained weight because he had been overeating (Sam tăng cân anh ăn nhiều) Form:  Khẳng định: S + had + been + V-ing + O They had been working very hard before we came  Phủ định: S + had+ not + been + V-ing They hadn’t been talking to each other when we saw them  Nghi vấn: Had + S + been + V-ing ? Had they been waiting for me when you met them? Note:  Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Trong câu thường có: Until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after Practice: Ex1: Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets I was very tired when I arrived home (I/work/hard all day) I’d been working hard all day The two boys came into the house They had a football and they were both very tired (they/play/football) …………………………… I was disappointed when I had to cancel my holiday (I/look/forward to it) ………………………………… Ann woke up in the middle of the night She was frightened and didn’t know where she was (she/dream) …………………………… 5 When I got home, Tom was sitting in front of the TC He had just turned it off (he/watch/a film) ………………………………… Tương lai đơn (Simple Future) Use: - Diễn đạt định thời điểm nói I miss her I will go to her house to see her - Đưa lời yêu cầu, đề nghị, lời mời Will you open the door? - Diễn đạt dự đoán khơng có I think people will not use computers after 25th century Form:  Khẳng định: S + will + V(ng.thể) I will help her take care of her children tomorrow morning  Phủ định: S + will not (won’t) + V(ng.thể) They won’t stay at the hotel  Nghi vấn: Will + S + V(ng.thể)? Will you come here tomorrow? Note:  Dấu hiệu nhận biết - Trong câu có trạng từ thời gian tương lai: – in + thời gian: … (in minutes: phút nữa) – tomorrow: ngày mai – Next day: ngày hôm tới – Next week/ next month/ next year: Tuần tới/ tháng tới/ năm tới - Trong câu có động từ quan điểm như: – think/ believe/ suppose/ …: nghĩ/ tin/ cho – perhaps/ probably: có lẽ Practice: Ex1: Hồn thành câu sử dụng TLĐ She/ hope/ that/ Mary/ come/ party/ tonight ………………………………………………………………………… I/ finish/ my report/ days ………………………………………………………………………… If/ you/ not/ study/ hard/,/ you/ not/ pass/ final/ exam ………………………………………………………………………… You/ look/ tired,/ so/ I/ bring/ you/ something/ eat ………………………………………………………………………… you/ please/ give/ me/ lift/ station? ………………………………………………………………………… 10 Thì tương lai tiếp diễn (Future Continuous) Use: - Dùng để diễn tả hành động hay việc diễn thời điểm xác định tương lai At 12 o’clock tomorrow, my friends and I will be having lunch at school - Dùng để diễn tả hành động, việc xảy hành động, việc khác xen vào tương lai When you come tomorrow, they will be playing tennis - Hành động diễn kéo dài liên tục suốt khoảng thời gian tương lai My parents are going to London, so I’ll be staying with my grandma for the next weeks - Hành động xảy ta phần kế hoạch phần thời gian biểu The party will be starting at ten o’clock Form:  Khẳng định: S + will + be + V_ing I will be staying at the hotel in Nha Trang at p.m tomorrow  Phủ định: S + will + not + be + V_ing We won’t be studying at a.m tomorrow  Nghi vấn: Will + S + be + V_ing? Will she be doing the housework at 10 p.m tomorrow? Note:  Dấu hiệu nhận biết - Trong câu có trạng từ thời gian tương lai kèm theo thời điểm xác định: – at this time/ at this moment + time tương lai: Vào thời điểm … At this time tomorrow I will be going shopping in Singapore (Vào thời điểm ngày mai, mua sắm Singapore.) – At + cụ thể + thời gian tương lai: vào lúc … At 10 a.m tomorrow my mother will be cooking lunch (Vào 10h sáng ngày mai mẹ nấu bữa trưa.) Practice: Ex1: They are staying at the hotel in London At this time tomorrow, they (travel) …………… in Vietnam When they (come)………… tomorrow, we (swim)………… in the sea My parents (visit)…………… Europe at this time next week Daisy (sit) ……………on the plane at am tomorrow At o’clock this evening my friends and I (watch)…………… a famous film at the cinema She (play)…………… with her son at o’clock tonight He (work)…………… at this moment tomorrow They (make)…………… their presentation at this time tomorrow morning 11 Tương lai hoàn thành (Future perfect) Use: - Dùng để diễn tả hành động hay việc hoàn thành trước thời điểm tương lai I will have finished my homework before 11 o’clock this evening - Dùng để diễn tả hành động hay việc hoàn thành trước hành động hay việc tương lai When you come back, I will have typed this email Form:  Khẳng định: S + will + have + V(pII) I will have finished my report by the end of this month  Phủ định: S + will + not + have + V(pII) My father will not have come home by pm this evening  Nghi vấn: Will + S + have + V(pII) ? Will your parents have come back Vietnam before the summer vacation? Note:  Dấu hiệu nhận biết Trong câu có cụm từ sau: – by + thời gian tương lai – by the end of + thời gian tương lai – by the time … – before + thời gian tương lai Ví dụ: By the end of this month I will have taken an English course (Cho tới cuối tháng tơi tham gia khóa học Tiếng Anh rồi.) Practice: Ex1: By the time you arrive, I (write) …………… the essay By this time tomorrow they (visit)…………… Paris By the time he intends to get to the airport, the plane (take) ………… off By the year 2012 many people (lose)…………… their jobs I know by the time they come to my house this evening, I (go) ……………out for a walk I hope they (finish) …………… building the road by the time we come back next summer By 2020, the number of schools in our country (double)……………… These machines (work) ……………….very well by the time you come back next month 12 Tương Lai Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn (Future Perfect Continuous) Use: - Diễn tả hành động xảy kéo dài liên tục đến thời điểm tương lai By April 28th, I will have been working for this company for 19 years - Dùng để nhấn mạnh tính liên tục hành động so với hành động khác tương lai When I get my degree, I will have been studying at Cambridge for four years Form:  Khẳng định: S + will + have + been +V-ing We will have been living in this house for 10 years by next month  Phủ định: S + will not/ won’t + have + been + V-ing The children won’t have been playing with their friends when you come this weekend  Nghi vấn: Will + S + have + been + V-ing? Will you have been living in this country for months by the end of this week? Note: Dấu hiệu nhận biết - Trong câu xuất từ sau: – by then: tính đến lúc – by this October,…: tính đến tháng 10 năm – by the end of this week/month/…: tính đến cuối tuần này/tháng – by the time + mệnh đề đơn Practice: Chia động từ ngoặc TLHTTD Your sister (get)…………… pregnant for months? My grandfather (write)…………… this novel for months by the end of this month She (work) ………… for this company for years by the end of this year I (do) …………… my homework for hours by the time my father gets home from work My mother (cook)……………… dinner for hours by the time our guests arrive at my house BÀI TẬP Ex1: Chọn đáp án I Louisiana state University A am attending B attend C was attending D attended He has been selling motorcycles A ten years ago B since ten years C for ten years ago D for ten years Columbus America more then 400 years ago A discovered B has discovered C had discovered D he has gone He fell down when he towards the church A run B runs C was running D had run We there when our father died A still lived B lived still C was still living D were still living They pingpong when their father comes back home A will play B will be playing C play D would play By Christmas, I for you for months A Shall have been working B shall work C have been working D shall be working I in the room now A am being B was being C have been being D am I to New york three times this year A have been B was C were D had been 10 I will come and see you before I for America A leave B will leave C have left D shall leave 11 The little girl asked wha to her friend A has happened B happened C had happened D would have been happened 12 John a book when I saw him A is reading B read C was reading D reading 13 He said he return later A will B would C can D would be 14 Jack the door A has just opened B open C will have opened D opening 15 I have been waiting for you… A since early morning B since a.m C for two hours D all are correct 16 My sister for you since yesterday A is looking B was looking C has been looking D looked 17 Jack the door A has just painted B paint C will have painted D painting 18 The train half an hour A has been leaving B left C has lelt D had lelt 19 We Doris since last Sunday A don’t see B haven’t seen C didn’t see D hadn’t seen 20 When I last saw him, he in London A has lived B is living C was living D has been living 21 After I …lunch, I looked for my bag A had B had had C have has D have had 22 By the end of next year, Geoge …English for years A will have learned B will learn C has learned D would learn 23 The man got out the car , …round to the back and opened the boot A walking B walked C walks D walk 24 For several years his ambition …to be a pilot A is B has been C was D had been 25 Henry into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner A was going B went C has gone D did go 26 He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he dinner A finish B finishes C will finish D shall have finished 27 Before you asked, the letter… A was written B had been written C had written D has been written 28 Ask her to come and see me when she her work A finish B has finished C finished D finishing 29 Oil if you pour it on water A floated B floats C will be floated D float 30 The dancing club north of the city A lays B lies C located D lain 31 Almost everyone for home by the time we arrived A leave B left C leaves D had left 32 By the age of 25, he two famous novels A wrote B writes C has written D had written 33 While her husband was in the army, Janet to him twice a week A was writing B wrote C was written D had written 34 I couldn’t cut the grass because the machine a few days previously A broke down B has been broken C had broken down D breaks down 35 According to this newspaper, John is said …a new record for the long jump A to have established B establishing C to establish D established 36 I have never played badminton before.This is the first time I to play A try B tried C have tried D am trying 37 Since ,I have heard nothing from him A he had left B he left C he has left D he was left 38 I like looking at these pictures, but I enough by lunch time A should have B will have C will have had D have 39 I don’t understand this sentence.What ? A does mean this word B have this word mean C means this word D does this word mean 40 John tennis once or twice a week A usually play B is usually playing C usually plays D have usually played 41 It was noisy next door Our neighbors a party A had B were having C had had D have had 42 It dark.Shall I turn on the light? A is getting B get C got D has got 43 I for Christine Do you know where she is? A look B looked C am looking D looks 44 At o’clock yesterday evening, I …my clothes A am ironing B have ironed C ironed D was ironing 45 “Are you ready ,Ann?” “Yes,I …” A am coming B come C came D have came 46 Why .at me like that?What’s the matter? A you look B have you looked C did you look D are you looking 47 I along the street when I suddenly heard footsteps behind me A was walking B am walking C walk D walked 48 She .German for two years A has learnt B is learning C learn D learns 49 I usually away at weekends A have gone B goes C am going D go 50 The earth … round the sun A go B has gone C went D goes 51 I come from Canada.Where .you .from? A do/come B did/ come C are coming D have/come 52 When I last …Jane,she .to find a job A see/was trying B saw/was trying C have seen/tried D saw/tried 53 I… at o’clock every morning A was getting up B got up C is getting up D get up 54 … you go to the dentist? A how often are B how often C how often does D how are 55 Ann tea very often A doesn’t drink B don’t drink C didn’t drink D hasn’t drunken 56 The sun… in the East A is rising B rose C has risen D rises 57 It is a nice day.I we go out for a walk A suggested B suggest C is suggesting D are suggesting 58 Tim was tired.He hard all day A has been studying B studies C studied D had been studying 59 Bad driving often many accidents A caused B had caused C causes D has cause 60 The Olympic Games every four years A take place B takes place C took place D is taking place 61 What time… the banks close in Britain? A B did C does D can 62 Look!That man… to open the door of your car A try B tried C is trying D has tried 63 When I was young,I to be a singer A want B was wanting C wanted D had wanted 64 They me about it last week A was telling B told C had told D would tell 65 I here at the end of the month A will leave B would leave C would have left D is leaving 66 My grandfather …many years ago A had died B has died C died D was dying 67 I .my son the money for that last week A gave B given C have given D was given 68 Yesterday I passed by Peter’s house, but the front door was closed.He … out A went B must have gone C has gone D had had 69 I the dishwasher on when heard the shot A A am turning B was turning C was turning D turned 70 There was a time when watching TV really… family entertainment A were B was C had been D is 71 Last year, they 22 million TV sets A were selling B had sold C has sold D sold 72 At last the bus came.We for half an hour A waited B was waiting C have waited D had been waiting 73 Daniel the bus.It doesn’t run on Sundays A did not catch B have not caught C had not caught D couldn’t have caught 74 I’m feeling sick.I so much chocolate last night A needn’t to eat B did not eat C musn’t eat D shouldn’t have eaten 75 I’m going on holiday on Saturday.This time next week I on a beach in the sea A will lie B am lying C will be lying D should be lying 76 Ted and Amy for 24 years A have been married B married C were married D has been married 77 Tomorrow I… my grandparents A am going to visit B will have visited C have visited D visit 78 When the first child was born, they married for three years A have been married B had been married C will been married D will have been married 79 I think the weather… nice later A will be B be C had D has been 80 She .very angry when she knows this A shall be B has been C will have been D will be Đáp án A B A C D B A D A 10 A 11 C 12 C 13 B 14 A 15 D 16 C 17 A 18 B 19 B 20 C 21 B 22 A 23 B 24 B 25 B 26 B 27 B 28 B 29 B 30 B 31 D 32 D 33 B 34 C 35 A 36 C 37 B 38 C 39 D 40 C 41 B 42 A43 C 44 D 45 A 46 D 47 A 48 A 49 D50 D 51 A 52 B 53 D 54 B 55 A 56 D57 B 58 D 59 C 60 B 61 A 62 C 63 C64 B 65 A 66 C 67 A 68 B 69 C 70 B 71 D 72 D 73 D 74 D 75 C 76 A 77 A78 B 79 A 80 D Ex2: Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets to complete the following passage a Albert Maltz was a progressive American writer He …… …… (be) born in 1908 He ………… (write) his first play “Peace on Earth” in 1943 It ……… … (be) against wars, so the American police ……… (arrest) him and ………… (put) him in prison in 1950 b Ha …… … (come) back a moment ago and …… … (turn) the television on very loudly My son …………… (sleep) then , so I …………… (tell) her to turn it off c Last Friday was a holiday I …… … (not have) to go to classes I ……… (sleep) a little later than usual Around ten, my friend Larry ……….… (come) over to my apartment We ………… (pack) a picnic basket and then ………… (take) the bus to Forest Park We ………… (spend) most of the day there 2 Mary and John are neighbors They ………… (know) each other for several years Mary ………… (move) into her house in 1985, and John ………… (live) next door since he …………… (come) to the area in 1980 Dennis Heal is a politician He ……… (go) to Oxford University in 1950 and ………… (become) a member of Parliament for the Labor Party in 1957 He ………… (be) an MP since then He ………… (write) three story books including his autobiography He is married to the artist, Adna Heal , they ……………… (have) two children They ……… … (live) in Oxford for 15 years, then ……………… (move) to London in 1970 They now ………… (live) in Cadogan Square in central London Paul Carrack is a musician and a singer He ………… (be) in the music business for over 20 years He …….… (start) playing professionally while he …….… (be) at school He …… … (travel) all over the world He ……… (have) his first hit record in 1974 So far he ………… (make) a lot of records Young people in America and Britain ……… … (know) his name and they never …………… (forget) his number one song “ The Living Years” Dear Jill, Here I am in New York! I ………… (be) here for weeks now and it ………… (be) very interesting My friend, Nancy who I ………… (meet) in London in 1982 …………… (live) in New York for years, so she ………… (know) all about it Yesterday we …………… (go) to China town and ………… (eat) hot dog there We ………… (visit) the Statue of Liberty this Sunday Back on 19th Love, Bob a.While I……… (walk) to class yesterday morning, I ………… (see) Abdullah We ………… (say) hello and …………… (walk) the rest of the way to school together b When I ………… (hear) a knock at the door last night, I …………… (walk) to the door and ………… (open) it When I …………… (open) the door, I …………… (see) my brother I …………… (greet) him and ………… (ask) him to come in c.My cousin and I …………… (watch) a movie on TV last night whan my brother ……….… (come) He ………… (watch) the end of the movie with us d Mrs Reed ………… (turn) on the radio in her car while she ……… … (drive) home yesterday She ………… (listen) to some music when she suddenly …………… (hear) a siren She …………… (look) in her mirror and ……… … (see) an ambulance behind her She immediately……………… (pull) her car to side of the road and ……….… (wait) for ambulance to pass e My mother called me around five o‟clock My husband came home a litte after that When he ………… (come) home, I ………… (talk) to my mother on the phone f Yesterday afternoon I………… (go) to visit the Parker family When I …… (get) there around two o‟clock, Mrs Parker ………… (be) in the yard She …….… (plant) flowers in her garden Mr Parker ………… (be) in the garage He ……… (work) on their car The children ………… (play) in the front yard a.Jack moved to Hong Kong after he graduated from the university Jack ……… (be) in Hon Kong since he ……… (graduate) b.Jack …………… (break) his leg five days ago He‟s in hospital He ……… (be) in the hospital since he ………… (break) his leg c A: …………… Mary ………… (feed) the cat? B: Yes , she ……… (feed) him before lunch A: What ……… she………… (give) him? B: She ……… (give) him some fish Dinosaurs lived on Earth for 175 million years During this time, species of dinosaurs ………… (evolve) and becoming extinct Sixty-five million years ago the remaining dinosaurs ………… (die out) Some scientists ………… (think) that a cooling of the climate caused this extinction Others believe that the replacement of one type of plant with another type ………… (contribute) to the dinosaurs‟ decline Now, however, evidence ………… (suggest) a large meteorite hit the Earth and …… …… (kill) not only all the dinosaurs, but also many other animals Species of plant became extinct as well After the Earth‟s collision with the meteorite, large clouds of dust would have been thrown into the air Many animals may not have been able to breathe or adapt to this change in climate, and they ………… (die) as a result Ted Holt arrived at the station at five past seven to catch the train “Please …… … (wait) for me ”, he shouted and jumped on the train But the train ………… (not move) “ I wonder why the train ………… (not leave) yet.” He said to the man next to him “It always ……… … (leave) at seven twenty ”, the man ……… (reply) Ted suddenly ………… (realize) he ………… (be) on the wrong train! “ The train to Plimpton ………… (already go)” The man told him 10 a Yesterday I ………… (go) to my daughter’s dance recital I … …… (be/never) to a dance recital before I ……… (not take) dancing lessons when I was a child b In the evenings I ………… (often play) chess with my next door neighbour I ……… (play) chess with him ever since I ……… (come) to live here ten years ago He ……… (be) here all his life He ……… (inherit) the house from his father, another great chess player c When I ……… … (open) the door I saw a man on his knees He clearly ……… (listen) to our conversation and I ……… (wonder) how much he ………… (hear) When I ……… (ask) him what he ……… (do), he said that he …… … (drop) a 50 piece outside the door and ………… (lock) for it Keys a was, wrote arrested, put b came, turned, was sleeping, told c slept, came, packed, took, spent have known, moved, has lived/has been living, came went, became, has been, wrote, have, lived, moved, live has been, started, was, has traveled, had, has made, know, forget have been, is, met, has been living, knows, went, ate, are going to/ will visit a was walking, saw, said, walked b heard, walked, opened, opened, saw, greeted, asked c were watching, came, watched d turned, was driving, was listening, heard, looked, saw, pulled, waited e came, was talking f went, got, was, was planting, was, was working, were playing a has been, graduated b has been, broke c has …fed, fed, did … give, gave were evolving, died out, think, may have contributed, suggests, killed, died wait, didn‟t move, has not left, leaves, replied, realized, was, has already gone 10 a went, had never been, didn‟t take b often play, have played, came, has been, inherited c opened, had been listening, wondered, had heard, asked, was doing, had dropped, was looking ... when she knows this A shall be B has been C will have been D will be Đáp án A B A C D B A D A 10 A 11 C 12 C 13 B 14 A 15 D 16 C 17 A 18 B 19 B 20 C 21 B 22 A 23 B 24 B 25 B 26 B 27 B 28 B 29 B 30... mua sắm Singapore.) – At + cụ thể + thời gian tương lai: vào lúc … At 10 a.m tomorrow my mother will be cooking lunch (Vào 10h sáng ngày mai mẹ nấu bữa trưa.) Practice: Ex1: They are staying at... tomorrow morning 11 Tương lai hoàn thành (Future perfect) Use: - Dùng để diễn tả hành động hay việc hoàn thành trước thời điểm tương lai I will have finished my homework before 11 o’clock this