THE American Museum Journal VOLUME XI, 1911 NEW YORK PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL iliSTORY 19 11 American Museum Seventy-seventh Street Natural History of and Central Park West, New York City BOARD OF TRUSTEES President Henrv Fairfield Osborn Second Vice-President First Vice-President Cleveland H Dodge J I'lKRi'ONT Morgan, Jr Treasurer Secretary Charles Lanier AucHKK M Huntington The Mayor of the City of New York The Comptroller of the City of New York The President of the Department of Parks A D JUILLIARD GusTAV E Kissel Bickmore Bowdoin Joseph H Choate Albert George S S Thomas DeWitt Cuyler James Douglas Madison Grant Anson W Hard Adrian Iselin, * Seth Low Ogden Mills J Pierpont Morgan Percy R Pyne William Rockefeller John B Trevor Felix M Warburg Jr Arthur Curtiss James Walter B James George W Wickersham EXECUTIVE OFFICERS Assistant Secretary Director George H Sherwood Frederic A Lucas Assistant Treasurer The United States Trust Company of New York * Deceased The Museum is Open Free to the Public on Every Day in the Year The American Museum of Natural History was established in 1S69 to promote the Natural Sciences and to difluse a general knowledge of them among the people, and it is in cordial The Museum authorities are decooperation with all similar institutions throughout the world pendent upon private subscriptions and the dues from members for procuring neetled additions to The the collections and for carrying on explorations in America and other parts of the world membership fees are, Annual Members Members Members Sustaining Life $ 10 (Annual; 2.5 100 Fellows Patrons Benefactors $ 500 (Uift bequest) or 1000 50,000 The Museum Library contains more than 60,000 volumes with a good working collection of The library publications issued by scientific insd'tulions and societies in this country and abroad from a m to p m Sundays and holidays excepted Is open to the public for reference daily — — The Museum Publications are issued in six series: The American Report Anthropological Papers, Bulletins, Guide Leaflets and Memoirs their sale may be obtained at the Museum Library Museujn Journal, Annual Information concerning Guides for Study of Exhibits are provided on request by the Department of Public Teachers wishing to bring classes should write or telephone the Department for an Education Lectures to classes may also be arranged appointment, specifying the collection to be studied for In all cases the best results are obtained with small groups of children be visited by persons presenting membership storage collections are open to all persons desiring to examine specimens for special Applications should be made at the information desk Workrooms and Storage Collections may tickets study The The Mitla Restaurant in the ea.st basement is reached by the elevator and is open from days except Sundays Afternoon Tea is served from to The Mitla Room Is of unusual interest as an exhibition hall being an exact reproduction of temple ruins at Mitla, Mexico 12 to on all Scientific Staff DIRECTOR Frederic A Lucas, Sc.D GEOLOGY AND INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY Edmund Otis Hovey, A.B., Ph.D., Curator MINERALOGY L P Gratacap, Ph.B., A.B., A.M., Curator George F Kunz, A.M., Ph.D., Honorary Curator of Gema INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY Prof Frank Henry E Crampton, A.B., Ph.D., Curator Roy W Miner, A.B., Assistant Curator E Lutz, A.B., A.M., Ph.D., Assistant Curator Gratacap, Ph.B., A.B., A.M., Curator of MoUusca William Beutenmuller, Associate Curator of Lepidoptera John A Grossbeck, Assistant L P Prof Prof William Morton Wheeler, Ph.D., Honorary Curator of Social Insects Alexander Petrunkevitch, Ph.D., Honorary Curator of Arachnida Aaron L Treadwell, B.S., M.S., Ph.D., Honorary Curator of Annulata Charles W Leng, B.S Honorary Curator of Coleoptera ICHTHYOLOGY AND HERPETOLOGY Bashford Dean, A.B., A.M., Ph.D., Curator of Fishes and Reptilce Louis Hussakof, B.S., Ph.D., Associate Curator of Fishes John T Nichols, A.B., Assistant Curator of Recent Fishes Mary Cynthia Dickerson, B.S., Assistant Curator of Herpetology Prof MAMMALOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY Prof J A Allen, Ph.D., Curator Frank M Chapman, Curator of Ornithology Roy C Andrews, A.B., Assistant Curator of Mammalogy W De W Miller, Assistant Curator of Ornithology VERTEBRATE PALAEONTOLOGY Prof Henry Fairfield Osborn, A.B., Sc.D., LL.D., D.Sc, Curator Emeritus W D xM-atphew, Ph.B., A.B., A.M., Ph.D., Curator Walter Granger, Associate Curator of Fossil Mammals Barnum Brown, A.B., Associate Curator of Fossil Reptiles William K Gregory, A.B., A.M., Ph.D., Assistant Curator ANTHROPOLOGY Clark Wissler, A.B., A.AL, Ph.D., Curator Pliny E Goddard, A.B., A.M., Ph.D., Associate Curator Robert H Lowie, A.B., Ph.D., Assistant Curator Herbert J Spinden, A.B., A.M., Ph.D., Assistant Curator Charles W Mead, Alanson Skinner, Assistant Assistant PHYSIOLOGY Prof Ralph W Tower, A.B., A.M., Ph.D., Curator PUBLIC HEALTH Prof Charles-Edward Amory Winslow, S.B., M.S., Curator John Henry O'Neill, S.B., Assistant WOODS AND FORESTRY Mary Cynthia Dickerson, B.S., Curator BOOKS AND PUBLICATIONS Prof Ralph W Tower, A.B., A.M., Ph.D., Curator PUBLIC EDUCATION Prof Albert S Bickmore, B.S., Ph.D., LL.D., Curator Emeritus George H Sherwood, A.B., A-M., Curator Il-USTIJATIOXS Aliscirlnd in Al'iiran hoy siiui.\ t';ii of the motooritos, ryiut; lt'()i);irii, Alricati Jlall 14, 15 17, African warriors 1'2 "Ani- (if Mainnials," Arahopo \i.i\vv 1,S, 2L'l 89 19 l^.^ (')7 J'.io Awaitin;; tlii-ir turn to onter for a lecture, 242 Mafioho "burden basket," 171; hemp fibre nian'.s carrying bag 107; scarf 1()9: IGfi; textile for woman's skirt, 169; women Ki.") KiS; youth, 1G4 iiakulni pileckith 17 Heehiye in Insect Hall 2.'J0 Bella Coola family making "bread," 137 Bickmore, Prof Albert S., 189, 230 Birches, Jesup estate, 42 Bird hoiLses made by schoolboys, 2.58 T^lack walnut, lesui) Collection 38 Hullfrog Croup, cover (Oct.) 186, 202, 204 "Caliph." 173, 176, 177 178 cover (May) Canoe Builders, cover (April) 109 Catalpa Flowers Forestry Hall 253 Central Andes, Western Colombia, 294 Chilkat blanket weaving at a salmon river camp, 134 Children have favorite exhibits, 233 Chinese bronzes, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64 Coloring from the live frog, 207 Congo battle-axe, Kasai District, 10; carved wooden vase, IS; pygmies in the death dance 19 Contact (double) beds, 140 Coppermine River, Museum's Arctic Expedition 271 Copi)er Queen ^^ne Cavern in 305 Crocodile Skeleton of an extinct marine, 68 Crow Indians, Adoption lodge, 180 Dinosaur nnunmy Dinosaurs Duck-billed 10 Dominica Fording a stream 270 Driftwood (polluted) Picking up 147 "Dry Camp." Gray Bull River, 87 Elephant, Head studies, 92; herd, Eohippus 84, 85, 88 Eryops from the Lower Permian of Texas, 197 European frog showing external vocal sacs, 209 Red Deer River, 273 Hiunan 96; Rat, 95 96 Flowering dogwood, Jesup Collection, 37 F'orests on Andean Coast Range, 296, 298 Flat boat Flea, "F'ossil Acjuarium," 160 Fossil fish field work, 303 Fossil in iiosition, 277 280 Four-toed horse Eohippus, 84, 85 88 Fossil ripples in sandstone, I'^iir '-'(•al Fur seals, ( ir-oiip, ".(l, I'ribilol ' Islands, covt'r (l''eb.) Giralfe I'Mve-horned 91 Ground Sloth Group 114 116 119 fiuiana Indians 289 291, 292 Haida Canoe, Steaming and decoration, 109 Hippo MeasiU'ing and skinning, 90 lloiisr posts, 82 Irtrins furrlrsi Chapman, 20 Impalla 91 Indian tipi, Studying home life within 222 Infectious diseases Photographs to teach prevention 238, 239 Intermittent sand filters, 144, 145 Ireng River, Looking over the den.sc canopy of the forest toward valley of, 280 Kaieteur, the Great Palls of the Guianas, 200 Lacrosse, Menomini game of, 138, 139, 141 Malarial mosquito exhibit, 241 Mangbetu natives, Congo Expedition report 190 191 Maori carved canoe prow, 53, 55; warrior, 54 Map showing exploration and field parties, 1911, 269 Marine Group, Model for, 251 Mexohippus, 85, 88 Monitor (Water) Habitat Group, modeling manikin for, 207 Moose Cirou]), Studying the, 226 Mount Wilson, View from, 40 200; Mounting the skin of a lizard of Tropical America, 212 Mural panels in North Pacific Hall, cover (April), 109, 128, 134, 137 Museum building Design for east facade, 154 Museum of Celebes, 149 Newt's method of shedding skin, 208 North American geography at close of Coal Era, 198 Okapi, 40, 47, 72 Oriole, Fuertes', 20 Orohippus, 85, 88 Pine seeds for i)Ianting, cover (May) Pines, ,Iesup estate, 34, 41 Potaro River below Kaieteur Falls 2S3 28 Prospi'ctiug in Wind Ki\er Hasiii, Wyoming S7 Rat "Norway," {Mus decumanus), 97, 98 I Red Deer River, 272, 275, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282 Hook-lippi'd cover Rhinocerus, Square-mouthed, 2, Roraima Mount 290, 291 Salamander, Japanese giant, 203 San Ildefonso pottery, (,Ian.); 192, 193, 194, 195 : IXDEX Sun Dance among Plains Cree, 299 Tamanawas board Bay Center, Washington, 2S7 on (iuiana border 292 Siivaiiiiahs, IJrazilian 2S(i, Savcritik Camp School cliikiron visiting special exhibits at the Museum, 218 222, 22.5 226, 'I'M 237, 241, 242, 243, 248 249, 2.50 2.52, 253 2.57 201, 262 ".Sea elephants." 108, 110 Ill Scptie Tank, Kl Sketching for North Pacific Hall panels, 131 Skin-laden mules, Africa 93 Spoonbill or paddleflsh, 120, 121, 123, 12.5 Spoonbill caviar Preparing, 12t 125 Stikine River, 132 Stone seat from Ecuador, 83 Successful kill by Guiana C'arih liulians 289 Sugar maple the, 237 in the Forestry Hall, Studying 77 Totem poles, cover (March) 76, 78 79, 80, 81 Trachodon mumm.v I'oiiioii of skin Travelling case of birds 245 Tree Climbing Ruminant 162 Tree sloth Modirn 117 Trickling filters Columbus O., 142, 143 Tsimshian family making lulachon "butter," 128 Turtle (soft-shelled), Wax cast 210 Turtles (spotted) Wax cast, 210 Water moccasin Wax cast, 211 Wax casts, 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 Whale skeleton cases from fapan, 23 Zebra Group, 172, 173, 174 INDEX Capitals Indicate the Accessions Anthropology, 30, 83 102, 1,50, 184 216 Geology, 310 Invertebrate Pahvontolouy, 151 Invertebrate Zoology, 264 309 Mammalogy and Ornithology, 31, 71, 72, 102, 183 Xame of a Contributor BuiELow Maurice A Educational Value of the American Musaum 234-235 Bird C^oUections on Deposit, 182 British Guiana and Brazil to Mount Roraima 283-293 BuowN Bar.n'um, Fossil Hunting by Boat Canada 27.3-282 Bumpus Hermon Cary, 30 in Mineralogy, 30, 210 Public Education 71 189 Vertebrate Palieontology 69 264 Paintings of Peary meteorites, 102, 204 Administrative Offices 214 African Large fiame 173 178 "Age of Mammals," 30, 65-67 Allen, A Habitat Groups of Mammals and Birds, 248-249 The Okapi 73-75 American Museum and Education, 242 Amphibian-; of the (ireat Coal Swamps, 197-200 Ancient Chine.se Bronzes 59-65 Andrews, R C Aroimd the World for the Museum, 21-24 Modern Museum of Celebes 149-1.50 Anthropological Field Work for the Year 299-300 Anthropology Arrangement of Iincc his iij)])()intnient us Assistant in Archtvolofjy in 1895 Durinj; his long and cfHcient s(M"vices identified especially archreological was with the Icsiip work he was mainly this in Xoith Museum Mr Smith was Pacific Expedition resp corri:n Till': colnnm all ni)\\ar(l owr It we must conclude grow from will The upper mim: mo; of the racMatiii}^ chistcrs of hut diminishing^ it in size from tlio hot- has been conunonly held that such crystals could he formed only niidcr water, has been no suhmcri;'cncc or accoiiiit (^ri:i:x lilliiii;- l)nt conditions here indicate that there of the cax'e since it was formed and that in a rci;ion of c\trcincl\ rapid evaporation crystals a solution fiowiiii,^ o\-er wall of this which has received the mite was formed on its a surface room was formetl by a great block of fallen rock drip{)ings of a lime-bearing watercourse top, while ribs of calcite, lines of crystal tufts, projected close together some from of Stalag- which were complete its sides Narrow, drip- stone-lined passages on either side of this block led to a series of three small rooms one abo\e another, the last of which was so low that an adult way it These upper rooms were characterand practically no stalagmites, contrasting with the conditions in the lower rooms where the stalagmites predominate One of the most beautiful small features at the expense of the stalactites of the cave was the occurrence on the walls of one of the upper rooms of could hardly squeeze his ized by abundant into stalactites long acicular crystals of delicate green calcite grouped paintbrush fashion on small botryoidal masses of the same material The cave extended up slopes averaging thirty degrees, through a vertical distance of about eighty and nowhere exceeded forty feet in width and thirty feet in height Inasmuch as the cave was doomed to ruin through mining, the company generously furnished the men and the means for removing at infinite pains the grotto and such other formations as w^e desired, and for transporting them to New York This material is now at the Museum and there will soon be in place and on exhibition a reproduction of this most beautiful feet underground chamber MUSEUM NEWS NOTES elected recently to membership in the Museum: Grossbeck; Life Mniiherfi, Dr Arnold Kxapp, Messrs Anthony N Brady, Frederick F Brewster, Harold J Cook, Francis R Hitchcock, Henry Lang, Joseph J Nunan, John J Pierrepont, Charles de Rham, Edward W Sheldon, Henry Atterbury Smith, Mmes George C Clausen, Charles W Harkness, James J Higginson, Daniel S Lamont, James Roosevelt, Jacob H Schiff, Charles Stewart Smith, H P Whitney, Mlsses Helen Hurd, Rosamond Pinchot, and Masters Varick P'rissell and Gikford Pinchot, 2d; The followifig have been Felloic, ^Mr Johx A THE AM ERIC AX Ml'SELM JOiliXAL 308 Sit-'!l