The NATURAL HISTORY 01? BRITISH INSECTS; EXPLAINING THEM IN THEIR SEVERAL STATES, WITH THEPERIODS OF THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS THEIR FOOD, (ECONOMY, &c TOGETHER WITH THE HISTORY OF SUCH MINUTE INSECTS AS RECFUIRE INVESTIGATION BY TrfE MICROSCOPE THE WHOLE ILLUSTRATED BY COLOURED-FIGURES, DESIGNED AND EXECUTED FROM LIVING SPECIMENS; By E DONOVAN, F.L.S and W.S TEN VOLUMES- IN A NEW EDITION, VOL I LONDON.PRINTED BY LAW AND GILBERT, And for F C and J ST JOHN'S SQUARE, CtERKENWE7.Li, For the Author, Rivington, N°6"2, St Paul's Church Yai MDCCCXIII, i A, 45 (a T II E NATURAL HISTORY ITISH INSECTS Eriated - tm mi Gi -' : ' -? ^n's Square, Clerkenwi SLIGHT SKETCH OF THE ANIMAL SYSTEM LlNNiEUS Clafs I II III divided the Animal Syflem into Mammalia Aves Lungs Amphibia (Fifties) V Insecta Vermes I young arbitrary breath by gills not arbitrarily (Infe&s) two antennae No head Infers therefore compofe the divided into feven Orders Order their (Birds) covered with feathers IV Pisces VI Suckle fix claffes Coleoptera fifth Wings Clafs in the Syflem, and are two, covered by two fhells, di- future vided by a longitudinal II Hemiptera foft, Shells or covers of the wings fomewhat other and incumbent on each HI Lepidoptera Wings four, imbricated with fcaleS ' B , IV minute Neu [ IV ] Tail without fling with veins or nerves lated, Wings V Hymenopteka tranfparentreticu four, naked, Neuroptera Wings Membraneous four Taj of the female armed with a fling Wings VI Diptera VII No Aptera two wings Transformations of Insects of our readers are no doubt acquainted with the lingular transformations Infefts undergo, but we truft thofe will pardon a Many digreffion which may be ufeful and without premifmg farther in general undergo of their lives ; to thofe we feeds, is their there are fome, though few, in four feveral Hates: the produced ; it is at firft form which Infefts at flated periods burfl forth from &c but the greater that of the egg, firft not that knowledge; proceed to inform them, that change in a material the egg perfectly formed, as Spiders, Caterpillar who have whence part exift the Larva, or very minute, but in this ftate it fome kinds on one or two plants only, others promifcuoufly on many, they therefore continue to increafe in fize, moulting feveral times the outer fkin, until the deftined period of their dormant approaches fpecies, ; they then fpin a web more or lefs and are converted into the aurelia, or chryfalis they burft forth in due feafon perfeclly formed form they propagate a ftate flrong according to the It ; is and laftly under this future race, and themfelves perifh, as they rarely furvive the inclemencies of the winter The neous antient naturalifts held fuppofitions very imperfeft relative to thofe transformations, but Malpigl-i dam proved by many and erro- and Swammer- accurate examinations clearly, that thofe changes were not fuddenly effeaed, but gradual ; and that under the form of the Caterpillar they could diftinguifh the future changes the Infeft would undergo PLATE —— 19 £ - PLATE CLXVIL STAPHYLINUS RIPARIUS Bank Rove-Beetle coleoptera GENERIC CHARACTER Antennas moniliform* • the abdomen Wings more than half the length of Tail armed with two oblong Elytra not concealed veficles SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND STNONTMS Red-brown Head and end of Shells blue Staphylinus Riparius : Lin Nat Syft n p Staphylinus gregarius Staphylin de rivages Cam Scop n abdomen p 684 Ed n 2038 308 the ic Geoffr Inf 308 Schaff 417- A d Schaff Fab Syji Ent p 339 Syft p Der Uferraubkafer a Th n, abdominifque p I Mant 168 — Inf I p 536 Panz Faun Inf Inhalt des neunten Hefts, tab 11 Germ * Like Inf 53- Inf T 223.— Ent Der Strandttraubenkafer 19 p 27, n elytris coeruleis, capite apice nigris Spec 18, Icon Inf Ratijb tab 71 fig Harrer Befchr P.ederus Riparius: rufus r fig 21 p 369 monogr Staphyl Paykull 13 Fn Sv n 846 Degeer Inf p 28 n 14 tab I n black necklace of fmall beads I The PLATE 80 The Staphylini were formerly the general appellation Rove CLXVII known among Englifh collectors by ; we have in the prefent inftance Beetles adopted this Englifh name, and added the only fpecific diftin&ion which occurs named it likely to convey the meaning of Linnaeus, when he Riparius The All the infers of this genus are very voracious much from them Staphylinus Riparius is found in moft parts of Europe It frequents moift May larva? fo refemblethe perfect infects, mat they can hardly be diftinguifhed The fandy places, and the fides of banks natural fize and magnified appearance is Found in given in the annexed plate PLATE 132 ^*f 3In 59 [ ] PLATE DXXXIL FIG L I STAPHYLINUS LUNULATUS* LUNULATED ROVE-BEETLE COLEOPTERA GENERIC CHARACTER Antennse moniliform body : feelers four : : wing-cafes half as long as the wings folded up under the wing-cafes and furnifhed with two : tail armed with a forceps,, exfertile veficles„ SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS Thorax and abdomeu orange fublunate fpots at the bafe : : wing-cafes black with two orange extremity of the abdomen black, with a pale band Staphylinus LunulatUs: pofticis rufus, capite abdominis elytrorumque nigris, femoribus Sv 845.— Gmel 2037 41, totis rufis Linn Fn, —Paykull Monogr t a OxYPORUS PLATE 60 Oxyporus lunulatus DXXXII flavus elytris nigris bafi : Fabr Syjl Ent 268 Mant i 219 2.-*-Ent Staphyljnus lunulatus A The 2.— Sp apiceque Inf Si/ft I b i 532 the other two interesting reprelented in the annexed plate, Stuphylinus lunulatus is 2.— Matjli Ent Brit T I 525 72 minute and very beautiful fpecies, found in the dung of natural fize of this, and pallidis, 338 is cattle little — fpecies dendted by the fmaller figures a native of the northern parts of Europe, being found in Sweden and Denmark, as well as Britaiu, and extends likewife as far fouthward as Germany and France FIG II II STAPHYLINUS MARGINATUM MARGINATED ROVE-BEETLE SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS \ Black : fides of the thorax, two dots on the anterior part of the wing-cafes, with the pofterior margin, and the legs rufous STAPHYLINU5 PLATE gTAPHYLlN¥S marginatus: DXXXII thoracis lateribus pedibufque ater flavis Fabr 336 g.—Mant 6i Syji Ent 266 22 i 8.— Sp 15.— Ent Syft i Inf L b.526 SO Pay hull Monogr 82.— Fn Gmel Syji Naf.2028 Oxyporus margin ellus Pant Staphylinus marginatus: ater, runs Suec Hi S92 32 36 Ent Germ 355 21 thoracis lateribus pedibufque Marjh Ent Brit 512 40 England and Norway Fabricius defcribes this fpecies as a native of FIG III III STAPHYLINUS BIPUSTULATUS BIPUSTULATED ROVE-BEETLE SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS — Black « : ferruginous dots wing-cafes with two *-rr; vr^ MarJh.Ent Brit T 1.5-1 trU punao ferrU8ineo ' • Staphylinus PLATE 62 DXXXIX Fabr Syft Ent $66 11.-— Sp, Inf i.326 }'2.—Mant i 221 18.— Ent Syft Staphylinus bipustulatus i b 520 34 OxYfoRus bipustulatus Pcznz Faun Germ 27 t 10 Inhabits various parts of Europe PLAT ... promifcuoufly on many, they therefore continue to increafe in fize, moulting feveral times the outer fkin, until the deftined period of their dormant approaches fpecies, ; they then fpin a web more... race, and themfelves perifh, as they rarely furvive the inclemencies of the winter The neous antient naturalifts held fuppofitions very imperfeft relative to thofe transformations, but Malpigl-i... undergo, but we truft thofe will pardon a Many digreffion which may be ufeful and without premifmg farther in general undergo of their lives ; to thofe we feeds, is their there are fome, though