With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? W I TH W H I CH I N TE LLE CT A N D R E LI GI O N CA N S U I CI D E B O M B I N GS A N D D E S TR U CTI O N B E CO N S I D E R E D J I H AAD ? The Muhaddith of al-Madeenah, al-’Allaam ah ’Abdul-Muhsin Ibn Ham ad al-’Abbaad Version 1.0 ‘Indeed, that which has occurred from suicide bom bings and destruction in the city of ar-Riyaad and whatever was discovered as a result of that from weapons and explosives in Makkah and al-Madeenah in the earlier part of this year, 1424H, then it is all the end result of being m isled by Satan and his beautification of excessiveness and extrem ism for those who were responsible for that So these events that have occurred are from the m ost disgraceful of crim es and corruption in the earth And what is m ore disgraceful is that Satan beautifies these events as Jihaad for the one who carries them out So with which intellect and Religion can suicide, killing of Muslim s and those under protection by treaties, terrorizing those under security, turning wom en into widows and children into orphans and the destruction of buildings along with whatever is inside them be considered Jihaad!?’ Aut hor: al-’Allaam ah ’Abdul-Muhsin Ibn Ham ad al-’Abbaad T nsla t ion: Maaz Qureshi With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? I N TR OD U CTI O N : The praise is for Allaah We praise Him , seek His aid and ask for His forgiveness We seek refuge with Allaah from the evils of our own selves and from evils of our actions Whosoever Allaah guides, then there is none that can m isguide him , and whosoever Allaah m isguides, then there is none that can guide him I testify that there is none worthy of worship besides Allaah alone, without any associate And I testify that Muham m ad is His servant and Messenger O Allaah, send peace, salutations and blessings upon him , his fam ily, his Com panions and whosoever traverses his path and is guided by his guidance until the Day of J udgem ent To proceed: S A TA N M I S LE A D S E X CE S S I VE N E S S : TH E M U S LI M S BY W AY OF N E GLI GE N CE AN D So Satan has two entranceways upon the Muslim s, through which he carries out the task of m isleading them and m isguiding them One of these entranceways is that when the Muslim is from am ongst the people of negligence and disobedience, Satan beautifies disobedience and desires for him , so that he rem ains far away from Allaah and His Messenger (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) Indeed, the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “Paradise is surrounded by adversity, and the Fire is surrounded by desires (shahaw aat).”2 The second entranceway of Satan is that when the Muslim is from am ongst the people of obedience and worship, he beautifies excessiveness and extrem ism in the Religion for him , in order to corrupt his Religion Indeed, Allaah the Mighty and Majestic said, Q U R A N I C V E R S E S A N D P R O P H E TI C S TA TE M E N TS W A R N I N G A G A I N S T E X TR E M I S M I N TH E R E LI G I O N : “O p e o p le o f Bo o k! D o n o t go to e xtre m e s in yo u r Re ligio n , an d d o n o t s p e ak abo u t Allaah , e xce p t th e tru th ” [Sooratun-Nisaa‘ 4:171] And Allaah said, “Say: O p e o p le o f th e Bo o k! D o n o t e xce e d th e lim its in yo u r Re ligio n o th e r th an th e tru th , an d d o n o t fo llo w th e vain d e s ire s o f p e o p le w h o w e n t as tray in tim e s go n e by, an d w h o m is le d m an y, an d s traye d th e m s e lve s fro m th e Righ t Pa th ” [Sooratul-Maa‘idah 5:77] The following is a translation of the new treatise, Bi Ay y i ’Aql w a Deen Yakoonat-Tafjeer w at-Tadm eer Jihaadan, of the m uhaddith of al-Madeenah, al-’Allaam ah ’Abdul-Muhsin al-’Abbaad Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 6487) and Muslim (no 2822) With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? The Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “Beware of al-ghuluw w (extrem ism ) in the Religion, since those who cam e before you were only destroyed due to extrem ism in the Religion.”3 F AU LTY U N D E R S TAN D I N GS O CCU R AS A R E S U LT O F F O LLO W I N G D E S I R E S A N D N O T R E TU R N I N G B A CK TO TH E P E O P LE O F K N O W LE D G E : So from am ongst the plots of Satan upon these extrem ists is that he beautifies for them the following of desires, obeying their leaders and evil understanding And Satan causes them to abstain from referring back to the people of knowledge, so that the people of knowledge will not be able to enlighten them and guide them towards the correct view As a result of this, they rem ain in their error and m isguidance Allaah the Mighty and Majestic said, “An d d o n o t fo llo w d e s ire , s in ce it w ill m is le ad yo u fro m th e Path o f Allaah ” [Soorah Sa’d 38:26] And Allaah said, “An d w h o is m o re m is gu id e d th an th e o n e w h o fo llo w s h is o w n d e s ire w ith o u t gu id an ce fro m Allaah ?” [Sooratul-Qasas 28:50 ] And He said, “Is it th e n th e o n e to w h o m th e e vil o f h is d e e d is m ad e to s e e m go o d ? In d e e d , Allaah m is gu id e s w h o m s o e ve r H e w ills an d gu id e s w h o m s o e ve r H e w ills ” [Soorah Faatir 35:8] And He said, “Is h e w h o is u p o n a cle ar p ro o f fro m h is Lo rd , like th o s e fo r w h o m th e ir e vil d e e d s th at th e y d o are be au tifie d fo r th e m , w h ile th e y fo llo w th e ir o w n d e s ire s ?” [Soorah Muham m ad 47:14] And He said, “It is H e w h o h as s e n t d o w n to yo u th e Bo o k In it are th e Ve rs e s th at are e n tire ly cle ar, th e y are th e fo u n d atio n s o f th e Bo o k, an d th e re are o th e rs th at are n o t e n tire ly cle ar So as fo r th o s e w h o h ave a d e viatio n in th e ir h e arts , th e n th e y w ill fo llo w fro m it th at w h ich is u n cle ar, s e e kin g d is co rd an d an in te rp re ta tio n ” [Soorah Aali-’Im raan 3:7] Sah e e h : Related by Ahm ad (1/ 215, 347), Ibn Maajah (no 30 29) and an-Nisaa‘ee (5/ 268) Stated Shaykhul-Islaam Ibn Taym iyyah in Iqtidaa‘us-Siraatil-Mustaqeem (p 10 6), ‘Its isnaad is saheeh according to the condition of Muslim ’ And Im aam al-Albaanee agreed in Silsilatul-Prophetic Statem entsis-Saheehah (no 1283) With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? There occurs from ’Aa‘ishah (radiy allaahu ’anhaa), that the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) recited this aay ah and said, “When you see those who follow that which unclear from it (the Qur‘aan), then those are the ones whom Allaah has m entioned So beware of them ”4 And the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “Whosoever Allaah desires good for, He grants him understanding of the Religion.”5 So the wording of this hadeeth proves that a sign of Allaah desiring good for the servant is that He grants him understanding of the Religion And the understanding of this hadeeth includes proof that whosoever Allaah does not desire good for, then he will not attain understanding of the Religion Rather, he will be afflicted by a poor understanding of the Religion I B N ’A B B AAS D E B ATE S TH E K H A W AAR I J CO N CE R N I N G TH E I R F AU LTY U N D E R S TA N D I N G , A N D T W O T H O U S A N D F R O M A M O N G S T T H E M R E P E N T: And from the evil understanding of this Religion is that which was attained by the Khaw aarij6 who revolted and fought against ’Alee (radiy allaahu ’anhu) This was because they understood the texts of the Sharee’ah with an erroneous understanding, which contradicted the understanding of the Com panions (radiy allaahu ’anhum ) Due to this, when Ibn ’Abbaas (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa) debated them , he clarified to them the correct understanding of the texts So there returned from am ongst them those who returned, and the remainder of them did not return back from their m isguidance And the story of his debate with them has been recorded in the Mustadrak (2/ 150 -152) of alHaakim (d.40 5H), and the isnaad is saheeh upon the condition of Muslim (d.261H) In it is the statem ent of Ibn ’Abbaas, “I have com e to you from the Com panions of the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ), from the Muhaajireen and the Ansaar, so that I m ay inform you of what they say They are well aware of what they say, as the Qur‘aan was sent down upon them And they are m ore knowledgeable concerning the revelation than you, and it was revealed am ongst them And none of them are am ongst you.” So som e of them said, ‘Do not argue with the Quraysh (i.e since Ibn ’Abbaas is from the Quraysh), since Allaah says, “Rath e r, th e y are a qu arre ls o m e p e o p le ” [Sooratuz-Zukhruf 43:58].’ Stated Ibn ’Abbaas, “And I have com e to a people whom I have not seen anyone m ore severe in striving hard than them Their faces have becom e pale from staying up late at night, it is as if their hands and feet not deter them ” So there rem ained those who Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 4547) and Muslim (no 2665) Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 71) and Muslim (no 10 37) The Khaw aarij were the first sect in Islaam to split away from the way of the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) and his Com panions They arose in the caliphate of ’Alee, m aking khurooj (rebellion) against him , before the arbitration between him and Mu’aawiyah (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa) From their false ’aqeedah (creed) is: allowing rebellion against the legitim ate Muslim ruler – whether pious of wicked, and declaring a Muslim to be a kaafir (disbeliever), due to com m ission of a m ajor sin They were described by the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) as the Dogs of the Hellfire Refer to alMaqaalaatul-Islaam iy y een (1/ 168) of Abul-Hasan al-Ash’aree, al-Bidaay ah (8/ 22-44) of Ibn Katheer and Fathul-Baaree (12/ 282-30 2) of Ibn Hajr 5 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? rem ained So som e of them said, ‘Let us speak with him and let us see what he says.’ ‘I said, ‘Inform m e of that which you harbour against the son of the uncle of the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) and his son-in-law, the Muhaajireen and the Ansaar.’ They said, ‘Three issues.’ I said, ‘What are they?’ They said, ‘As for the first of them , then he (’Alee) has allowed m en to judge in the affair of Allaah, yet Allaah the Exalted says, “Th e ju d ge m e n t is fo r n o n e bu t Allaah ” [Soorah Yoosuf 12:40 ] So it is not for m en and it is not for judges.’ So I said, ‘This is only one issue.’ They said, ‘As for the other issues, then he fought his enem ies, yet he did not take any prisoners or war booty So if those whom he fought were disbelievers, then their im prisonm ent and war booty has been m ade lawful And if they were believers, then fighting them is not perm issible.’ I said, ‘These are only two issues, so what is the third?’ They said, ‘Indeed, he erased the title, ‘Leader of the Believers’ from him self, so therefore he is the leader of the disbelievers.’ I said, ‘Do you have anything besides this?’ They said, ‘This is sufficient for us.’ So I said to them , ‘Do you hold that if I recite to you from the Book of Allaah and the Sunnah of His Messenger (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ), that which refutes your statem ent, that you will obey?’ They said, ‘Yes!’ So I said, ‘As for your statem ent that he has allowed m en to judge concerning from the affair of Allaah, then I shall recite to you that which shows that Allaah relegated His judgem ent to m en concerning the price of four dirham s, concerning a rabbit and its like from gam e So Allaah said, “O yo u w h o be lie ve ! D o n o t kill gam e w h ils t yo u are in a s tate o f ih raam ” [Sooratul-Maa‘idah 5:95] Up until He said, “…as ju d ge d by tw o ju s t m e n fro m am o n gs t yo u ” [Sooratul-Maa‘idah 5:95] So I im plore you by Allaah: Is the judgem ent of m en with regards to a rabbit and its like from gam e better, or their judgem ent concerning their blood and reconciliation between them ?! And you m ust know that if Allaah had wished, He would have judged and not relegated that to the m en And Allaah the Mighty and Majestic has said concerning the wom an and her husband, “An d if yo u fe ar a bre ach am o n gs t th e tw o o f th e m , th e n ap p o in t tw o arbitrato rs , o n e fro m h is fam ily an d o n e fro m h e rs An d if th e y bo th w is h fo r p e ace , th e n Allaah w ill brin g abo u t th e ir re co n ciliatio n ” [Sooratun-Nisaa‘ 4:35] So Allaah m ade the judgem ent of the m en a tradition to be believed in So you leave this?” They said, ‘Yes!’ He said, “As for your statem ent that he fought and he did not take prisoners, nor did he take war booty, then you revile your m other, ’Aa‘ishah? Then you m ust declare her lawful in that which you have declared lawful with regards to other than her! So if you were to that, then you would becom e disbelievers, as she is With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? your m other And if you say, ‘She is not our m other,’ then you have disbelieved Since, Allaah says, “Th e Pro p h e t is clo s e r to th e Be lie ve rs th an th e ir o w n s e lve s , an d h is w ive s are th e ir m o th e rs ” [Sooratul-Ahzaab 33:6] So you are revolving around two positions of m isguidance Regardless of which of them you adopt, you have adopted m isguidance.” So they began to look at each other.’ ‘I said, ‘Have you left from this?’ They said, ‘Yes!’ ‘And as for your statem ent, that he erased the title of ‘Leader of the Believers’ from his nam e, then I shall com e to you with one whom you are pleased with and I shall see you Indeed, you have heard that on the day of al-Hudaybiyyah, the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) m ade a treaty with Suhayl Ibn ’Am r and Abaa Sufyaan Ibn Harb So the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said to the Leader of the Believers (’Alee), “Write O ’Alee: These are the term s of peace agreed upon by Muham m ad the Messenger of Allaah.” So the pagans said, ‘No, by Allaah! Had we known that you were the Messenger of Allaah, we would not have fought you.’ So the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “O Allaah! You know that I am the Messenger of Allaah Write O ’Alee: These are the term s of peace agreed upon by Muham m ad Ibn ’Abdullaah.”7 So by Allaah, the Messenger of Allaah was better than ’Alee, yet he was not rem oved from Prophethood when he erased the title from his nam e.” Stated ’Abdullaah Ibn ’Abbaas (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa), “So two thousand of those people repented, and the rest were killed upon m isguidance.”8 So in this story, two thousand from am ongst the Khaw aarij repented from their falsehood, due to clarification and elucidation which em anated from Ibn ’Abbaas (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa) So in that is proof that there is in the referring back to the people of knowledge, security from evils and tribulations Indeed, Allaah the Mighty and Majestic said, “So as k th e p e o p le o f re m e m bran ce if yo u d o n o t kn o w ” [Sooratun-Nahl 16:43] A G R O U P T H A T W A S I N T E R E S TE D I N A N O P I N I O N O F TH E K H A W A A R I J R E P E N TS F R O M T H E I R F A LS E H O O D A F TE R L I S TE N I N G TO J A A B I R I B N ’A B D U LLAAH : And from that which proves that referring back to the people of knowledge is better for the Muslim s in the affairs of their Religion and their worldly life is that which is related by Muslim in his Saheeh (no 191), from Yazeed al-Faqeer who said, “I used to have an Related by al-Bukhaaree (5/ 30 3-30 4) and Muslim (12/ 134-138), from the hadeeth of al-Baraa‘ Ibn ’Aazib (radiy allaahu ’anhu) This incident has been related by ’Abdur-Razzaaq in al-Musannaf (no 18678), Ahm ad (1/ 342), Aboo ’Ubayd in al-Am w aal (no 444), an-Nisaa‘ee in Khasaa‘is ’Alee (no 190 ), al-Fasawee in al-Ma’rifah w atTa‘reekh (1/ 522-524), Aboo Nu’aym in Hily atul-Aw liy aa‘ (1/ 318-320 ), al-Bayhaqee in as-SunanulKubraa (8/ 179), Ibn ’Abdul-Barr in Jaam i’ Bay aanul-’Ilm (2/ 10 3-10 4), Ibnul-J awzee in Talbees Iblees (p 91-93), Abul-Farj al-J areeree in al-Jaleesus-Saalihil-Kaafee (1/ 558-560 ) and Ibn Katheer in al-Bidaay ah w an-N ihaay ah (7/ 281) With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? interest in an opinion from am ongst the opinions of the Khaw aarij So we went out in a group possessing great num ber We wanted to perform the Hajj (pilgrim age), then we went out to the people He said, ‘So we passed by al-Madeenah when J aabir Ibn ’Abdullaah (radiy allaahu ’anhu) was speaking to the people – whilst sitting up against a post – about the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ).’ He said, ‘So when he m entioned the people of the Hellfire, I said to him , ‘O Com panion of the Messenger of Allaah! What is this that you are speaking about? Allaah says, “In d e e d , w h o m s o e ve r Yo u e n te r in to th e Fire , in d e e d , Yo u h ave d is grace d h im ” [Soorah Aali-’Im raan 3:92] And, “Eve ry tim e th e y w is h to be take n o u t fro m th e re , th e y w ill be p lace d back th e re in ” [Sooratus-Sajdah 32:20 ] So what is this that you are saying?’ He said, ‘So he said, ‘Do you read the Qur‘aan?’ I said, ‘Yes!’ He said, ‘So have you heard about the station (m aqaam ) of Muham m ad (’alay his-salaam ), m eaning, that in which he will be resurrected?’ I said, ‘Yes!’ He said, ‘Indeed, it is the praiseworthy station of Muham m ad (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ), with which Allaah will take out those whom He will take out.’ He said, ‘Then he described the placing of the Bridge (as-Siraat) and the passing of the people over it.’ He said, ‘And I feared that I would mem orize that.’ He said, ‘Not to m ention that he alleged that a people will be taken out of there after abiding therein.’ He said, ‘Meaning, they would be taken out of it as if they were the wood of the ebony tree.’ He said, ‘So they would enter into a river from am ongst the rivers of Paradise So they would bathe in it So they would com e out as if they were white paper.’ So we returned and said, ‘Woe to you! Do you hold that the Shaykh would lie upon the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam )?!’ So we repented By Allaah, every one of us abandoned the Khaw aarij, except one m an, or as Aboo Nu’aym has stated.” And Aboo Nu’aym is alFadl Ibn Dakeen, he is one of the m en in the isnaad Indeed, Ibn Katheer (d.774H) m entions in his tafseer of the statem ent of Allaah the Exalted in Sooratul-Maa‘idah, “Th e y w ill lo n g to ge t o u t o f th e Fire , bu t n e ve r w ill th e y ge t o u t fro m th e re ” [Sooratul-Maa‘idah 5:37] He m entions this hadeeth of J aabir according to Ibn Abee Haatim and Ibn Mardawayh and other than the two of them So it proves that this group was afflicted by am azem ent at an opinion of the Khaw aarij, which contained takfeer of the one who com m its a m ajor sin and holding him to be in the Fire forever So when they m et J aabir (radiy allaahu ’anhu) and he clarified the affair to them , they adopted that which he had directed them to, and they abandoned their previous false understanding So they abandoned the Khaw aarij whom they had given im portance to after the Hajj So this is from the greatest points of benefit that the Muslim attains benefit from , by returning back to the people of knowledge YO U N G A GE I S A CAU S E F O R F AU LTY U N D E R S TAN D I N G: With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? And that which additionally proves the danger of extrem ism in the Religion, deviation from the truth and opposition to that which Ahlus-Sunnah w al-Jam aa’ah are upon is the statem ent of the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ), from the hadeeth of Hudhayfah (radiy allaahu ’anhu), “Indeed, what I fear for you m ost is a m an who will recite the Qur‘aan, until his pleasure from that can be seen He will be destruction for Islaam , he will discard it and fling it behind his back He will strive against his neighbour with the sword and charge him with Shirk.” I said, “O Prophet of Allaah! Which of them is m ore worthy of being charged with Shirk, the one m aking the charge, or the one being charged with it?” He said, “The one charging with it of course.”9 Young age is a m ost likely cause for poor understanding That is proven by what is related by al-Bukhaaree in his Saheeh (no 4495), with his isnaad leading to Hishaam Ibn ’Urwah, from his father, that he said, “I said to ’Aa‘ishah, the wife of the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ), and I was young in age at that tim e, ‘Do you see the statem ent of Allaah the Blessed and Exalted, “In d e e d , as -Safaa an d al-Marw ah are th e s ym bo ls o f Allaah So it is n o t a s in u p o n h im w h o p e rfo rm s H ajj o r ’U m rah to th e H o u s e to o ffe r circu m a m bu latio n be tw e e n th e m ” [Sooratul-Baqarah 2:158] So I not see that there is any sin upon som eone who does not offer circumam bulation between them ’ So ’Aa‘ishah said, ‘No! If it were as you say, then it would have said that there is no sin upon the one who does not perform circum am bulation between them Indeed, this aay ah was revealed concerning the Ansaar, as they would praise Manaat And Manaat was put beside a place called Qudayd So they had a problem with offering circum am bulation between as-Safaa and al-Marwah So when Islaam cam e, they asked the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) about that So Allaah revealed, “In d e e d , as -Safaa an d al-Marw ah are th e s ym bo ls o f Allaah So it is n o t a s in u p o n h im w h o p e rfo rm s H ajj o r ’U m rah to th e H o u s e to o ffe r circu m a m bu latio n be tw e e n th e m ” [Sooratul-Baqarah 2:158].” And ’Urwah Ibnuz-Zubayr was from the best of the taabi’een, he was one of the seven fuqahaa‘ (jurists) of al-Madeenah at the tim e of the taabi’een Indeed, the excuse for his faulty understanding at the tim e that he asked the question was that he was young in age So this clarifies that young age is a cause for faulty understanding, and that returning back to the people of knowledge results in goodness and security Sah e e h : Related by al-Bukhaaree in at-Taareekh, Aboo Ya’laa, Ibn Hibbaan and al-Bazzaar Refer to as-Saheehah (no 320 1) of al-Albaanee With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? W I TH W H I CH I N TE LLE CT A N D R E LI GI O N CA N S U I CI D E B O M B I N GS A N D D E S TR U CTI ON B E CO N S I D E R E D J I H AAD ? After this introduction, which m entions that Satan enters upon the people of worship by corrupting their Religion through excessiveness and extrem ism in the Religion, as occurred with the Khaw aarij and the group that was interested in their opinion And we m entioned that the path to security from the fitan (trials, tribulations) is by returning back to the people of knowledge, just as those two thousand people from am ongst the Khaw aarij returned after debating with Ibn ’Abbaas (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa), and as the large left that which it had previously given attention to from falsehood, by returning back to J aabir Ibn ’Abdullaah (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa) After this introduction, I say: the night does not resem ble the day! Indeed, that which has occurred from suicide bom bings and destruction in the city of ar-Riyaad and whatever was discovered as a result of that from weapons and explosives in Makkah and al-Madeenah in the earlier part of this year, 1424H, then it is all the end result of being m isled by Satan and his beautification of excessiveness and extrem ism for those who were responsible for that So these events that have occurred are from the m ost disgraceful of crim es and corruption in the earth And what is m ore disgraceful is that Satan beautifies these events as Jihaad for the one who carries them out So with which intellect and Religion can suicide, killing of Muslim s and those under protection by treaties, terrorizing those under security, turning wom en into widows and children into orphans and the destruction of buildings along with whatever is inside them be considered Jihaad!? Indeed, I saw that I should m ention that which is possible from the texts of the Book and the Sunnah, at the advent of previous laws, concerning the grave affair and danger of killing And I felt that I should m ention the texts of the Book and the Sunnah about the Muslim com m itting suicide, as well as killing other Muslim s and those who are protected by treaties, whether intentionally or m istakenly I have done that so as to establish the evidence and clarify the goal, so that whosoever chooses destruction thereafter can be destroyed upon clear proof, and so that whosoever chooses life thereafter can live upon clear proof And I ask Allaah the Mighty and Majestic to guide those who have been m isguided, to the correct path, and to take them out of the various types of darkness and bring them into the light and so that the Muslim s can guard them selves against the m ost evil of evils Indeed, Allaah is All-Hearing, the Answerer 10 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? W H AT H A S CO M E CO N CE R N I N G TH E GR A V E D A N GE R I N TH E A F F A I R O F K I LLI N G I N TH E A N CI E N T LA W S : Stated Allaah the Mighty and Majestic concerning one of the children of Aadam , “So th e s e lf o f th e o th e r e n co u rage d h im , an d m ad e fair-s e e m in g to h im th e m u rd e r o f h is bro th e r So h e m u rd e re d h im an d be cam e o n e o f th e lo s e rs ” [Sooratul-Maa'idah 5:30 ] And Allaah the Mighty and Majestic said, “D u e to th at, W e o rd ain e d fo r th e Ch ild re n o f Is raa‘e e l, th at if an yo n e kille d a p e rs o n n o t in re taliatio n fo r m u rd e r, o r to s p re ad co rru p tio n in th e lan d ; it w o u ld be as if h e h ad kille d all o f m an kin d , an d if an yo n e s ave d a life , it w o u ld be as if h e s ave d all o f m an kin d ” [Sooratul-Maa‘idah 5:32] The Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “No one kills another person out of transgression, except that the burden for that falls upon the first son of Aadam , because he was the first one to begin the practice of killing.”10 And Allaah the Mighty and Majestic said about His Messenger, Moosaa (’alay his-salaam ) that he said to Khidr, “H ave yo u kille d a n in n o ce n t p e rs o n w h o h ad kille d n o n e ? In d e e d , yo u h ave co m m itte d an e vil th in g!” [Sooratul-Kahf 18:74] And Allaah said about him , “Th e m an fro m h is p arty as ke d h im fo r h e lp again s t h is fo e , s o Mo o s aa s tru ck h im w ith h is fis t an d kille d h im H e s aid , “In d e e d , th is is th e w o rk o f Satan , s in ce h e is a p lain m is le ad in g e n e m y.” H e s aid , “My Lo rd ! In d e e d , I h ave w ro n ge d m ys e lf, s o fo rgive m e ” So H e fo rgave h im In d e e d , H e is th e Oft-Fo rgivin g, th e Mo s t Me rcifu l.” [Sooratul-Qasas 28:15-16] And there occurs in Saheeh Muslim (no 290 5), from Saalim Ibn ’Abdullaah Ibn ’Um ar, who said, ‘O people of al-’Iraaq! How you ask about the m inor sin whilst you are com m itting the m ajor sin?! I heard m y father, ’Abdullaah Ibn ’Um ar (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa) saying, ‘I heard the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) say, ‘Indeed, the fitnah (trial, tribulation) will com e from here.” And he pointed with his hand towards the east ‘And you will be striking the necks of each other And Moosaa killed a person from am ongst people of Fir’awn by m istake, so Allaah the Mighty and Majestic said to him , “Th e n yo u kille d a m an , bu t W e s ave d yo u fro m gre at d is tre s s an d trie d yo u w ith a h e avy trial.” [Soorah Taa Haa 20 :40 ].”’ 10 Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 3335) and Muslim (no 1677) 11 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? And the statem ent of Saalim Ibn ’Abdullaah, ‘How you ask about the m inor sin whilst you are com m itting the m ajor sin,’ points out that which occurred from his father, as is related in Saheehul-Bukhaaree (no 5994), that a m an from am ongst the people of al’Iraaq asked him about killing m osquitoes So he said, ‘Look at this one! He asks m e about killing m osquitoes whilst they have killed the son of the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) And I heard the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) saying, ‘They are m y two sweet basils in this world.” He was referring to alHasan and al-Husayn (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa) And Allaah the Exalted said, “An d W e to o k yo u r co ve n an t, “D o n o t s h e d th e blo o d o f yo u r p e o p le , n o r tu rn yo u r o w n p e o p le o u t fro m th e ir d w e llin gs ” Th e n , yo u ratifie d th is , an d yo u s h all be ar w itn e s s to it.” [Sooratul-Baqarah 2:84] And Allaah the Exalted said, “An d W e o rd ain e d th e re in fo r th e m , “Life fo r life , e ye fo r e ye , n o s e fo r n o s e , e ar fo r e ar, to o th fo r to o th , an d w o u n d s e qu al fo r e qu al.” H o w e ve r, if an yo n e re m its th e re taliatio n by w ay o f ch arity, it s h all be fo r h im an e xp iatio n ” [Sooratul-Maa‘idah 5:45] 12 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? W H AT H A S CO M E CO N CE R N I N G TH E M U S LI M CO M M I TTI N G S U I CI D E , I N TE N TI O N A LLY OR U N I N T E N T I O N A L L Y: Allaah the Mighty and Majestic said, “O yo u w h o be lie ve ! D o n o t e at u p w e alth am o n gs t yo u rs e lve s , e xce p t th at it be a trad e am o n gs t yo u , by m u tu al co n s e n t An d d o n o t kill yo u rs e lve s In d e e d , Allaah is Mo s t Me rcifu l to yo u An d w h o s o e ve r co m m its th at th ro u gh aggre s s io n an d in ju s tice , W e s h all cas t h im in to th e Fire An d th at is e as y fo r Allaah ” [Sooratun-Nisaa‘ 4:29-30 ] And the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “Whosoever kills him self with som ething in this world, then he will be punished with it on the Day of J udgem ent.”11 From Abee Hurayrah (radiy allaahu ’anhu), that the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “Whosoever kills him self by throwing him self off a m ountain, then he will be in the Fire of Hell, throwing him self into it, abiding therein forever And whosoever kills him self by drinking poison, then his poison will be in his hand in the Fire, and he will be drinking it in Hell, abiding therein forever And whosoever kills him self with a weapon of iron, then his weapon of iron will be in his hand, and he will be stabbing him self in the stom ach whilst abiding eternally in the Fire.”12 And there occurs in Saheehul-Bukhaaree (no 1365), from Abee Hurayrah (radiy allaahu ’anhu) who said, ‘The Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, ‘The one who strangles him self will be strangling him self in the Fire, and the one who stabs him self will be stabbing him self in the Fire.” So this hadeeth additionally occurs in the Musnad (no 9618) of Im aam Ahm ad and other than him And in it is the addition, “And the one who kills him self by taking a dive from a high place, shall be taking a dive in the Fire.”13 From al-Hasan who said, ‘J undub (radiy allaahu ’anhu) related a hadeeth to us in this m osque So we did not forget, and we did not fear that we would forget And we did not fear that J undub would lie upon the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) He said, ‘There was a m an who sustained a wound, so he killed him self So Allaah said, ‘My servant hurried to bring death upon him self, so I have declared Paradise unlawful for him ”’14 11 Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 60 47) and Muslim (no 176), from the hadeeth of Thaabit Ibn Dahhaak (radiy allaahu ’anhu) 12 Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 5778) and Muslim (no 175) 13 Refer to Silsilatus-Saheehah (no 3421) of Im aam al-Albaanee 14 Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 1364) and Muslim (no 180 ) 13 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? And Ibn Hibbaan relates in his Saheeh, Maw aaridudh-Dham aan (no 763), from J aabir Ibn Sam urah (radiy allaahu ’anhu), “A m an sustained a wound So he took his sword and stabbed him self with it So the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) did not pray over him ” Stated al-Albaanee about it in Saheehut-Targheeb (no 2357), “It is saheeh due to other than itself.” As for som eone comm itting suicide unintentionally, then he is excused, not disparaged, due to the statem ent of Allaah the Mighty and Majestic, “An d th e re is n o s in u p o n yo u if yo u m ake a m is take th e re in , e xce p t in re gard to w h at yo u r h e arts d e libe rate ly in te n d ” [Sooratul-Ahzaab 33:5] And His statem ent, “Ou r Lo rd ! D o n o t take u s to acco u n t w h e n w e fo rge t o r fall in to e rro r.” [Sooratul-Baqarah 2:286] And Allaah said, “Indeed, I have responded.”15 15 Related by Muslim (no 126) 14 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? W H AT H A S CO M E CO N CE R N I N G TH E K I LLI N G O F A M U S LI M , W I TH J U S T CA U S E , O R W I TH O U T J U S T CAU S E : The killing of a Muslim can occur with just cause, or without just cause It can occur with just cause in the form of retribution and prescribed punishm ent And killing without just cause can occur intentionally, or unintentionally Indeed, Allaah the Mighty and Majestic said concerning killing that occurs intentionally, “An d w h o e ve r kills a be lie ve r in te n tio n ally, h is re co m p e n s e is H e ll to abid e th e re in , a n d th e w rath an d th e cu rs e o f Allaah are u p o n h im , an d a gre at p u n is h m e n t is p re p are d fo r h im ” [Sooratun-Nisaa‘ 4:93] And Allaah said, “An d th o s e w h o d o n o t call u p o n an y o th e r d e ity be s id e s Allaah , n o r d o th e y kill th e life th at Allaah h as d e clare d u n law fu l, e xce p t fo r ju s t ca u s e , n o r d o th e y co m m it ille gal s e xu al in te rco u rs e , an d w h o s o e ve r d o e s th is s h all re ce ive th e p u n is h m e n t Th e to rm e n t w ill be d o u ble d to h im o n th e D ay o f Re s u rre ctio n , an d h e w ill abid e th e re in in d is grace ; e xce p t th o s e w h o re p e n t an d be lie ve an d d o righ te o u s de e d s Fo r th e m Allaah w ill ch an ge th e ir s in s in to go o d d e e d s An d Allaah is Oft-Fo rgivin g, Mo s t Me rcifu l.” [Sooratul-Furqaan 25:68-70 ] And Allaah the Exalted said in Sooratul-An’aam and al-Israa‘, “An d d o n o t kill an yo n e th at Allaah h as fo rbid d e n , e xce p t fo r a ju s t cau s e ” [Sooratul-Israa‘ 17:33] and [Sooratul-An’aam 6:151] And Allaah said in Sooratul-An’aam , “An d d o n o t kill yo u r ch ild re n d u e to p o ve rty W e p ro vid e fo r yo u an d fo r th e m ” [Sooratul-An’aam 6:151] And Allaah said in al-Israa‘, “An d d o n o t kill yo u r ch ild re n fo r fe ar o f p o ve rty W e p ro vid e fo r th e m an d fo r yo u In d e e d , killin g th e m is a gre at s in ” [Sooratul-Israa‘ 17:31] And Allaah the Exalted said, “In d e e d , th e y h ave lo s t w h o kille d th e ir ch ild re n , fro m fo lly, w ith o u t kn o w le d ge , an d th e y h ave d e clare d u n law fu l w h at Allaah m ad e law fu l fo r 15 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? th e m Th e y h ave in ve n te d a lie a gain s t Allaah Th e y h ave in d e e d go n e as tray an d w e re n o t gu id e d ” [Sooratul-An’aam 6:140 ] And the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “The first of affairs to be judged between the people on the Day of J udgement are those involving the spilling of blood.”16 Indeed, the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) further asserted this when he spoke during the Farewell Serm on about the sanctity of the blood, wealth and honour of the Muslim s by likening them to the sanctity of tim e and place So from Abee Bakrah (radiy allaahu ’anhu) who said, ‘The Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) delivered a serm on to us on the Day of Sacrifice He said, “Do you know which day this is?” We said, “Allaah and His Messenger know best.” So he rem ained silent until we thought that he m ight give it another nam e He said, “Is today not the Day of Sacrifice?” We said, “Yes!” He said, “Which m onth is this?” We said, “Allaah and His Messenger know best.” So he rem ained silent until we thought that he m ight give it another nam e So he said, “Is it not Dhul-Hijjah?” We said, “Yes!” He said, “Which city is this?” We said, “Allaah and His Messenger know best.” So he rem ained silent until we thought that he m ight give it another nam e He said, “Is this not the Sacred City (Makkah)?” We said, “Yes!” He said, “So your blood, your wealth and your honour is sacred for you, like the sanctity of this day of yours, in this m onth of your, in this city of yours, until the day that you shall m eet your Lord Have I not conveyed the m essage to you?” They said, “Yes!” He said, ‘O Allaah! Be a witness So let the one who is present, inform the one who is absent Perhaps the one to whom it is conveyed m ay understand it better than the audience that is present So not return to being disbelievers after m e by striking the necks of one another.”17 From Abee Hurayrah (radiy allaahu ’anhu), from the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) who said, “Rem ain far away from the seven grave sins.” We said, “O Messenger of Allaah! What are they?” He said, “Shirk with Allaah, m agic, declaring a person whom Allaah has declared unlawful, except with just cause, consum ing interest, consum ing the wealth of an orphan, fleeing on the day of a m ilitary expedition and falsely accusing chaste, believing, neglectful wom en.”18 From Ibn ’Um ar (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa) who said, ‘The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) who said, ‘The believer shall not cease to be rem ain within the vastness of his Religion, as long as he does not spill blood that has been declared unlawful.” And Ibn ’Um ar said, “Indeed, from am ongst the critical affairs from which there is no escape is when one falls into the spilling of unlawful blood in other than its proper place.”19 16 Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 6864) and Muslim (no 1678) Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 67, 1741) and Muslim (no 1679); further support for this also occurs in the hadeeth if Ibn ’Abbaas (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa) as related by al-Bukhaaree (no 1739), and in the hadeeth of Ibn ’Um ar (no 1742), and in the hadeeth of J aabir as related by Muslim (no 1217) 18 Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 2766 and Muslim (no 145) 19 Both of these narrations have been related by al-Bukhaaree (no 6862-6963) 17 16 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? Stated ’Ubaadah Ibnus-Saam it (radiy allaahu ’anhu), ‘We were with the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) in a gathering, so he said, ‘Take an oath of allegiance to m e that you will not associate anything with Allaah, you will not com m it zinaa (adultery, fornication), you will not steal, you will not kill a person whom Allaah has declared unlawful, except with just cause So whoever from am ongst you rem ains loyal to this, then his reward is with Allaah And whosoever falls into anything from that, then he is punished for it, then it will be expiation for him And whosoever falls into som ething from that, but Allaah conceals it for him , then his affair rests with Allaah If He wishes, He will pardon him , and if He wishes, He will punish him ”20 From Ibn ’Um ar, from the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) who said, “Whosoever carries a weapon against us, then he is not from am ongst us.”21 From ’Abdullaah Ibn Mas’ood (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa) who said, ‘The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, ‘The blood of a Muslim person who testifies that there is no deity worthy of worship besides Allaah is not lawful Indeed, I am the Messenger of Allaah, except to one of three: [i] a life for a life; [ii] the one who has com m itted zinaa (adultery, fornication); [iii] and the one who has left his Religion and abandoned the Jam aa’ah (united body of Muslim s).”22 And there occurs from him also, that the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “Cursing a Muslim is disobedience, and fighting him is disbelief.”23 From Ibn ’Abbaas (radiy allaahu ’anhu), that the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “The m ost hated of people to Allaah are three: [i] a heretical disbeliever inside the haram ; [ii] the one who seeks to bring a tradition of jaahiliy y ah (pre-Islaam ic tim es of ignorance) into Islaam ; [iii] and the one who seeks the blood of another person without just cause, so that he can spill his blood.”24 And Allaah the Mighty and Majestic said, “O yo u w h o be lie ve ! Th e law o f e qu ality in p u n is h m e n t (al-Qisaas) is p re s cribe d fo r yo u in cas e o f m u rd e r: th e fre e fo r th e fre e , th e s lave fo r th e s lave , an d th e fe m ale fo r th e fe m ale Bu t if th e kille r is fo rgive n by th e bro th e r o f th e kille d again s t blo o d m o n e y, th e n ad h e rin g to it w ith fairn e s s an d p aym e n t o f th e blo o d m o n e y, to th e h e ir s h o u ld be m ad e in fairn e s s Th is is alle viatio n an d a m e rcy fro m yo u r Lo rd So afte r th is w h o e ve r tran s gre s s e s th e lim its , h e s h all h ave a p ain fu l to rm e n t An d th e re is th e s avin g o f a life fo r yo u in al-Qis aas - O m e n o f u n d e rs tan d in g - th at yo u m ay be co m e fro m am o n gs t th e p io u s ” [Sooratul-Baqarah 2:178-179] 20 Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 18) and Muslim (no 170 9), and the wording is from Muslim by al-Bukhaaree (no 6874) and Muslim (no 171) 22 Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 6878) and Muslim (no 1676) 23 Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 48) and Muslim (no 116) 24 Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 6882) 21 Related 17 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? And there occurs in the Saheeh of al-Bukhaaree (no 6896), from Ibn ’Um ar (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa), ‘A young boy was m urdered, so ’Um ar said, ‘If all the people of San’aa‘ had participated in his m urder, I would have killed all of them ” And Mugheerah Ibn Hakeem related from his father, “Indeed, four people killed a young boy, so ’Um ar said…” And he related a sim ilar statem ent And there occurs in the Saheeh of al-Bukhaaree (no 7152), from J undub Ibn ’Abdullaah (radiy allaahu ’anhu), who said, “Indeed, the first thing the hum an body will purify is its stom ach, so whoever can m anage to only eat that which is lawful, then let him so And whosoever does as m uch as he can so that nothing intervene between him and Paradise, except a handful of blood that he has spilled, then let him so.” Stated alHaafidh (Ibn Hajr) in al-Fath (13/ 130 ), “And it has com e in m arfoo’ (raised) form from at-Tabaraanee as well, by way of Ism aa’eel Ibn Muslim , from al-Hasan, from J undub And its wording is, ‘You know that I heard the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) saying, ‘There will be nothing else to prevent one of you from entering into Paradise, but he will see it as a handful of the blood of a Muslim that he m urdered without just cause.” So even though this has not been m entioned as being clearly raised to Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ), it m ust be ruled as m arfoo’, because he (J undub) would not speak from his own opinion And it is a serious threat against killing a Muslim without just cause.” And the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “Whosoever revolts against m y Um m ah, striking its righteous and its disobedient ones, not excluding the believer and not honouring the treaties of those under protection, then he is not from m e and I am not from him ”25 And the following Prophetic Statem ents have not been m entioned in the Saheehay n They are from that which is m entioned by al-Mundhiree in at-Targheeb w at-Tarheeb, and they have been authenticated by al-Albaanee in Saheehut-Targheeb w at-Tarheeb (1/ 629-634): From al-Baraa‘ (radiy allaahu ’anhu), that the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “The ending of the world is not worth as m uch to Allaah as is the killing of a Muslim without just cause And even if all the people of the heavens and the people of the earth were to participate together in the killing of a believer, Allaah would enter all of them into the Fire.” From ’Abdullaah Ibn ’Am r (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa), that the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “The ending of the world is not worth as m uch to Allaah as is the killing of a Muslim m an.” And from Buraydah who said, ‘The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, ‘The killing of a believer is greater to Allaah than the ending of the entire world.” From Abee Sa’eed and Abee Hurayrah (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa), from the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) who said, “If all of the people in the heavens and 25 Related by Muslim (no 1848) 18 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? all the people in the earth were to participate together in spilling the blood of believer, Allaah would certainly enter them all into the Fire.” From Abee Bakrah (radiy allaahu ’anhu), from the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) who said, “If the people of the heavens and the earth were to com e together to kill a Muslim , Allaah would certainly enter all of them upon their faces into the Fire.” From Mu’aawiyah (radiy allaahu ’anhu) who said, ‘The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, ‘Allaah forgives every sin by which He is disobeyed, except the m an who dies as a disbeliever, or the m an who kills a believer intentionally.” From Abud-Dardaa‘ (radiy allaahu ’anhu) who said, ‘I heard the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) saying, ‘Allaah forgives every sin that He is disobeyed with, except the m an who dies as a polytheist, or the one who kills a believer intentionally.” From Abee Moosaa (radiy allaahu ’anhu), from the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) who said, “When Iblees sends out his soldiers, he says, “Whosoever betrayed a Muslim today, I will place the crown upon him ” He said, “So this one comes and says, “I did not leave him until he divorced his wife.” He says, “I suspect that he will m arry.” So this one com es and says, “I did not leave him until he was undutiful to his parents.” So he says, “I suspect that he will be dutiful to them ” So this one com es and says, “I did not leave him until he com m itted Shirk.” So he says, “You, you!” So this one com es and says, “I did not leave him until he killed.” So he says, “You, you!” And he placed the crown upon him ” And from ’Ubaadah Ibnus-Saam it (radiy allaahu ’anhu), from the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) who said, “Whosoever kills a believer and rejoices (aghtabata) in his killing, then Allaah will not accept from him expenditure, nor equity.” It was related by Aboo Daawood, then he relates from Khaalid Ibn Dahqaan, ‘I asked Yahyaa Ibn Yahyaa al-Ghassaanee about his statem ent, “aghtabata (rejoices)”, so he said to m e, “Those who kill in tim es of tribulation So one of them kills another, and he holds him self to be upon guidance, he does not need to seek forgiveness from Allaah; m eaning, for that action.” And from Abee Sa’eed (radiy allaahu ’anhu), from the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) who said, “A neck will com e out of the Fire, so it will say, “I have been delegated over three today: [i] over every obstinate oppressor; [ii] whosoever associates another deity along with Allaah; [iii] and whosoever kills a person without just cause.” Then it will turn upon them and fling them into the throngs of the Fire.” As for killing a believer unintentionally, then Allaah has obligated com pensation and retribution for it Allaah the Exalted said, “It is n o t fo r a be lie ve r to kill an o th e r be lie ve r, e xce p t th at it be by m is take An d w h o s o e ve r kills a be lie ve r by m is take , th e n h e m u s t s e t fre e a be lie vin g 19 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? s lave an d a co m p e n s atio n m u s t be give n to th e fam ily o f th e d e ce as e d , u n le s s th e y re m it it.” [Sooratun-Nisaa‘ 4:92] Up until He said, “An d w h o s o e ve r fin d s th is be yo n d h is m e an s , th e n h e m u s t fas t fo r tw o co n s e cu tive m o n th s , in o rd e r to s e e k re p e n tan ce fro m Allaah An d Allaah is All-Kn o w in g, All-W is e ” [Sooratun-Nisaa‘ 4:92] 20 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? W H AT H A S CO M E CO N CE R N I N G K I LLI N G TH E O N E U N D E R P R O TE CTI O N O F A TR E A TY, I N TE N TI ON A LLY O R B Y M I S TA K E : The killing of a dhim m ee (free non-Muslim ), m u’aahad (ally) and m usta‘m an (one who is under protection) is unlawful Indeed, a severe threat has been m entioned concerning that Indeed, al-Bukhaaree relates in his Saheeh (no 3166), from ’Am r Ibn ’Abdullaah (radiy allaahu ’anhum aa), from the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) who said, “Whosoever kills a person who was a m u’aahad, he will not be able to sm ell the fragrance of Paradise, even though its fragrance can be sm elled for the walking distance of forty years.” This is m entioned by al-Bukhaaree in the book of al-jizy ah (taxes for disbelievers) under the chapter, “Chapter: The sin of the one who kills a m u’aahad who has not com m itted any crim e.” And he m entions it in the book of com pensations, under the chapter, “Chapter: The sin of the one who kills a dhim m ee who has not com m itted any crim e.” And it also occurs under the wording, “Whosoever kills a person who was m u’aahid will not sm ell the fragrance of Paradise, even though its sm ell can be found for the walking distance of forty years.” Stated al-Haafidh Ibn Hajr in al-Fath (12/ 259), “Likewise, he brought the chapter heading of the dhim m ee, yet he m entioned the m u’aahid And in the chapter heading of al-jizy ah (taxes for non-Muslim s), he brought the wording, “Whosoever kills a m u’aahad…” as is apparent in the narration So the intended m eaning of this is that whosoever has a treaty with the Muslim s, whether it be by agreem ent of a jizy ah, or a truce with a Muslim ruler, or protection from a Muslim ” And this hadeeth is related by an-Nisaa‘ee with the wording “Whosoever kills a person from am ongst the people of dhim m ah (protection), then he will not find the fragrance of Paradise, even though the fragrance of Paradise can be found for the walking distance of forty years.” And he also relates it (no 4749) with a saheeh isnaad, from a m an from am ongst the Com panions of the Prophet (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ), that the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, “Whosoever kills a m an from am ongst the people of dhim m ah, then he will not be able to find the fragrance of Paradise, even though its fragrance can be found for the walking distance of forty years.” And from Abee Bakrah (radiy allaahu ’anhu) who said, ‘The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ’alay hi w a sallam ) said, ‘Whosoever kills a m u’aahad at other than his tim e, then Allaah has m ade Paradise unlawful for him ”26 And the m eaning of “at other than his tim e” refers to him being killed at other than the tim e at which it becom es perm issible to kill him , such as when there is no treaty of protection; this was stated by al-Mundhiree in at-Targheeb w at-Tarheeb (2/ 635) Then, he said, “This is related by Ibn Hibbaan in his Saheeh And he says it with the wording, ‘Whosoever kills a person who was under protection, with other than its due 26 Sah e e h : Related by Aboo Daawood (no 2670 ) and an-Nisaa‘ee (no 4747) with a saheeh isnaad And an-Nisaa‘ee adds the statem ent, “He will not be able to sm ell its fragrance.” 21 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? right will not sm ell the fragrance of Paradise, even though the fragrance of Paradise can be found for the walking distance of forty years.’” And al-Albaanee said about this narration, “It is saheeh due to other than itself.” As for killing the one under protection unintentionally, then Allaah has obligated a com pensation and retribution for it Allaah the Mighty and Majestic said, “An d if h e be lo n ge d to a p e o p le w ith w h o m yo u h ave a tre aty o f m u tu al allian ce , co m p e n s atio n m u s t be p aid to h is fam ily, an d a be lie vin g s lave m u s t be fre e d An d w h o s o e ve r fin d s th is be yo n d h is m e an s , th e n h e m u s t fas t fo r tw o co n s e cu tive m o n th s , in o rd e r to s e e k re p e n tan ce fro m Allaah An d Allaah is All-Kn o w in g, All-W is e ” [Sooratun-Nisaa‘ 4:92] And I say in conclusion: Fear Allaah – O youth – with regards to yourselves Do not becom e prey for Satan He gathers up for you the dishonour of this worldly life and the punishm ent of the Hereafter And fear Allaah with regards to the Muslim s, from am ongst the elderly, the m iddle-aged and the youth And fear Allaah with regards to the Muslim wom en, from am ongst the m others, daughters, sisters, m aternal aunts and paternal aunts And fear Allaah with regards to the elderly who ware bowing and the babies who are breastfeeding And fear Allaah with regards to the spilling the blood of the innocent and the wealth of the unlawful “So fe ar th e Fire w h o s e fu e l is m e n an d s to n e s ” [Sooratul-Baqarah 2:24] “An d fe ar a d ay w h e n yo u s h all be bro u gh t back to Allaah Th e n e ve ry p e rs o n s h all be p aid w h at h e e arn e d , an d th e y s h all n o t be d e alt w ith u n ju s tly.” [Sooratul-Baqarah 2:281] “On th e d ay w h e n e ve ry p e rs o n w ill be co n fro n te d w ith all th e go o d h e h as d o n e , an d all th e e vil h e h as d o n e , h e w ill w is h th at th e re w e re a gre a t d is tan ce be tw e e n h im an d h is e vil.” [Soorah Aali-’Im raan 3:30 ] “Th e d ay w h e n a m an s h all fle e fro m h is bro th e r, an d h is m o th e r an d h is fath e r, an d fro m h is w ife an d h is ch ild re n Eve ry m an , th at d ay, w ill h ave e n o u gh to m ake h im care le s s o f o th e rs ” [Soorah ’Abasa 80 :37] Awaken from your slum ber and becom e attentive from your heedlessness Do not be the riding anim al for Satan to cause corruption in the earth And I ask Allaah the Mighty and Majestic to grant the Muslim s understanding of their Religion, and to safeguard them from the m isguidance of tribulations (fitan), whatever is apparent from them and whatever is hidden And m ay the salutations, peace and blessings of Allaah be upon His servant and Messenger, Muham m ad, upon his fam ily and all of his Com panions 22 ... ’Abdul-Muhsin al-’Abbaad Related by al-Bukhaaree (no 6487) and Muslim (no 2 822) With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered J ihaad? The Prophet (sallallaahu... of Abul-Hasan al-Ash’aree, al-Bidaay ah (8/ 22- 44) of Ibn Katheer and Fathul-Baaree (12/ 282-30 2) of Ibn Hajr 5 With Which Intellect and Religion can Suicide Bom bings And Destruction be Considered... these events as Jihaad for the one who carries them out So with which intellect and Religion can suicide, killing of Muslim s and those under protection by treaties, terrorizing those under security,