MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMIC HCMC o0o NGUYEN PHUOC BAO AN FACTORS AFFECTING ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM SUCCESS IN VIETNAMESE ENTERPRISES Major: Accountancy Code: 9.34.03.01 PhD THESIS - SUMMARY HO CHI MINH CITY - 2018 Is conducted at University of Economic Ho Chi Minh city Supervisor: Associate Prof VO VAN NHI Reviewer 1: Reviewer 2: Reviewer 3: Is defended at school level at ‘00 hours Is saved at library: INTRODUCTION Topic reasoning The context: the advancement of information technology and the impact of the 4.0 revolution on the accounting information system (AIS) in enterprises Studies show that: - The success of the accounting information system has a positive impact on the success of the business - Diversity in research on the success of AIS - The important role of the individual in the success of AIS Issues: - How to measure the success of accounting information system in enterprises? - What influences the success of the accounting information system in enterprise? Research in Vietnam: There are very few researches on the accounting information system and the success of the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises today So, these questions must be answer: What is the accounting system successful? How to apply the success of the accounting information system in the enterprise? What is the benefit of accounting information systems in the business, for users of accounting information or for the business itself? How does the research and understanding of the accounting information system successfully affect the research and teaching of accounting information system? 2 Objective and research questions Research Problem: Research into the success of the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises General: Identify the factors and measure the impact of factors affecting the success of the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises Detail objective: Research Objective 1: Identify the factors affecting the success of the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises Research objective is the answer to the research question: What factors influence the success of the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises? Research Objective 2: Identify and measure the components of a successful accounting system in Vietnamese enterprises This is the answer from the following question: What are and how to identify the components of the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises and measure them? Research Objective 3: Measure the impact of factors on the success of the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises For this purpose, the third research question: How is the success of the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises influenced by the factors involved? Research subject and scope Research subject: The object of the thesis is the success of the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises The subjects are users of accounting information systems, specifically: accounting staff in enterprises are applying information technology in the accounting work Analytical unit is the individual; the subject of the survey is the accountant in the enterprise; non-probable convenience sampling; Scope of survey of enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City Research Scope: (1) Research topic on accounting information system, thus focusing on the accounting department in the enterprise; (2) Study topics for Vietnamese enterprises; (3) The topic of surveying accounting information system in computer-based environment Research method This study used the mixed method, including qualitative research and quantitative research - Summarize theories and related studies, inherit and propose theoretical models with 11 hypotheses - Collected data using PSL-SEM analysis method to evaluate, model and test the model Research Outcome: Results of the study show that the hypotheses are all accepted and the model has a high predictive value The success of AIS is reflected in the quality of information, system quality and personal influence Perceived and using information systems plays a very important role in the success of AIS and the user characteristics, the project characteristics, and the support of top managers are independent variables that influence the success of AIS Thesis’ contribution The study of the thesis has theoretical and practical contributions as follows: - Model the factors affecting the success of the accounting information system in enterprises - Theoretical contributions on measurement and measurement models of successful accounting information systems - A theoretical contribution to the role of awareness and behavior of users of the accounting information system in the success of the accounting information system - Clarify the role and relationship, the level of impact of the independent variables affect the success of the information system, accounting information system - Contribute theoretical and empirical research results on the success of the enterprise accounting information system and the factors affecting the success of the accounting information system in the enterprise with individual unit analysis - Theoretical contributions in combining two theories: Successive information systems theory following the DeLone and McLean model (1992, 2003) and the theory of acceptance and use of technology under the TAM - Regarding the contribution to reality, a successful accounting information system will contribute to improving the performance of the business, so this study helps managers make appropriate management decisions Develop accounting information system to enhance the management in accounting, contributing to improve the performance of enterprises Thesis’ structural The Thesis has five chapter, Chapter presents an overview of the dissertation, identifies research gaps, and synthesizes previous studies related to the topic; Chapter summarizes previous theories and studies Chapter presents the research framework, research process, research methodology and method Chapter presents the results of the study and discusses issues related to the theory of the thesis Chapter sums up the results of the study, sums up the meaningful discoveries, suggests the direction of discussion and concludes on the research project CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 Introduce This chapter synthesizes the research directions on the accounting information system and the success of the information system as well as studies on accounting information systems in the world and in Vietnam, thus identifying the gap in the research This overview, which clarifies the theoretical foundation presented in the next chapter 1.2 Accounting information system and the success of the information system 1.2.1 Accounting information system in Enterprise This section introduces and reviews the study of Accounting Information System (AIS) in enterprises, based on time series research to clarify the relationship between information technology development and AIS research as well as the impact of some components of the industrial revolution 4.0 on the current AIS study 1.2.2 The success of the information system The theory of success begins in a primitive way with the use of the system The success of information systems is linked to the effectiveness of the system, the ability to support business operations; and user satisfaction, however, this trend of research has gradually been replaced after DeLone and McLean (1992) proposed a successful model of information systems Summary of previous studies shows that there are five main trends in research on the success of information systems: (1) successful research through successful project management metrics with criteria such as: time, budget, goals; (2) use part or all of the components of the successful information systems model of DeLone and McLane (1992, 2003) to measure and measure the success of information systems; (3) application of Davis's TAM acceptance model (1989) in research and development of enterprise information system or enterprise resource management (ERP) system; (4) research into and evaluation of the success of the information system through user satisfaction measurement; (5) combine these perspectives in the study of the success of information systems 1.3 Study on the Accounting Information System Success in Vietnam This is a research assessment of the success of AIS in Vietnam Research conclusions show that: Content focused on applied research, some academic research on the impact on the success of the ERP system, study the effectiveness of accounting information system in small and medium enterprises, study the quality of accounting information systems in small and medium enterprises, study the success in the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning ERP system or study one aspect A certain amount of accounting information system in relation to ERP application Most of these studies have been conducted with an enterprise or organization analysis unit, which suggests that researchers are more interested in the success of accounting information systems from an organizational perspective more than personal perspective 1.4 Research Gaps Research on the success of the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises today and study the factors affecting the success of the information system exists research gap: lack of research on the success and the factors affecting the success of the accounting information system in the enterprise Details of research gaps are as follows: (1) Lack of research examining factors affecting the success of information systems, (2) lack of research on the factors that influence the success of information systems (3) lack of studies on the impact of the successful implementation of the accounting information system on the success of the operation of the accounting information system, (4) lack of research on the success of the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises CHAPTER – THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 2.1 Introduce Chapter summarizes theories on the success of the Information Systems, summarizes and evaluates existing studies on the success of ERP systems, summarizes AIS research Background theory is based on the successful ISSM Information Systems model of DeLone and McLean (1992, 2003) and Davis's TAM acceptance model (1989) 2.2 Information system success and the factors affecting the success of information system This section described the theories related to the success of information systems based on the ISSM model of DeLone and McLean (1992, 2003) 2.2.1 2.2.1.1 Information system success Information system success Definition The theory of information systems has many definitions as well as measurement of successful information systems Researchers have different definitions of the success of information systems The success of information systems is perceived in many different perspectives and in varying degrees: system level, individual level, organizational level At these levels, it implies that all users have basic information technology skills, so a definition of successful information systems is always placed within this limit As there is no definition of a successful information system, researchers transform into measurement models that evaluate the impact of a successful information system on an individual or organization As such, the information system is successful in terms of personal perspective - a system that brings personal benefits, brings satisfaction to the user and is a quality system, providing quality information 2.2.1.2 Information System Success model The successful Information Systems model of DeLone and McLean (2003) is widely accepted and applied Structural components include System Quality; Information quality; Service quality; Intention to use and use the system; User satisfaction; Net Impact However, the model itself encounters problems in interpreting relationships among components, and studies based on this model yield conflicting results 2.2.2 Information System Success Measures model Gable, Sedera, and Chan (2003) argue that the success of information systems itself can be high-level components, with low-level components being the successful models of DeLone and McLean A model for measuring the success of an enterprise system is the resultant component of the first-order construct including information quality, system quality, invidual impact, and organizational impact 2.2.3 Factors affecting information system success Stacie Petter et al (2013) propose independent variables that affect the success of information systems, in which the variable group of the Technology component is a dependent variable with structures that are components of information systems success model, and independent variables that affect the success of the Information System, include Task, Human (User and Social characteristics) and Structure (project and organizational characteristics) 11 2.4 The accounting information system and the factors affecting the success of the accounting information system in the enterprise 2.4.1 Accounting Information system The perspective of accounting information systems is linked to the application of information technology in accounting - because of the application of information technology in management in general at organizations Thus, the accounting system is the information system However, the accounting information system still has its own characteristics such as the perception of users about the quality of information and quality of the system 2.4.2 AIS Components The accounting information system is the information system, so the basic components of the accounting information system will also include input, processing and output 2.4.3 AIS Success in Enterprise With regard to the success of the accounting information system and the factors affecting the success of the accounting information system, some studies exploit the components of the successful accounting information system These studies focus on data quality, information quality of accounting information system Several other studies evaluated the impact on accounting information systems from environmental or organizational factors The quality of the accounting information system is also influenced by the impact of information technology, data quality, commitment by managers, and the quality of human resources 2.4.4 Factors affecting on the accounting information system success 12 The success of the accounting information system is considered in relation to the success factors These components are based on applied background theories as the ISSM of DeLone and McLean, and Davis's technology acceptance model 2.4.4.1 AIS users’ Perceptions and Behaviors AIS users’ perceptions and behaviors will affect the success of the AIS, so are factors affecting the success of the AIS 2.4.4.2 User Characteristics, Project Characteristics ang Top Management Support This section presents arguments for the relationship between user characteristics, project characteristics, and managerial support for the success of the AIS 2.5 Summary of background theory and theoretical models 2.5.1 DeLone and McLean’s Model The basic content of the information systems success theory based on the D & M model (1992, 2003) includes: (1) The success of the information system consists of six interrelated components; (2) Measure the success of information systems based on the measurement of each component and interactions between components 2.5.2 Technology acceptance and use theory Technology acceptance model (TAM) Davis's (1980) was developed to explain individual perceptions and behaviors in the use of information systems, considered as the approach to the success of information systems Process perspective of consciousness and behavior of individual users 2.5.3 Summary of theoretical models Other theoretical models related to the thesis include: Contingency Theory of IS assessment by Myers, Kappelman, and Prybutok (1997); he 13 Extended Seddon model of IS Success of Peter Seddon (1997); A model for measuring the success of business systems by Gable et al (2003); Factors affecting the success of information systems Stacie Petter et al (2013); Wixom and Todd (2005)’s Theoretical Integration of User Satisfaction and Technology Acceptance Model CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODS 3.1 Introduce Chapter presents the research methods and methodology; introducing an overview of the research program, research process; data collection techniques, scale design; Discuss the methodology used to test the theoretical model 3.2 Research methods The mixed method is used for research in this thesis 3.2.1 Overview This section provides an overview of the research program, research process and related research methods 3.2.2 Research process Phase 1, using qualitative methods, theoretical research, review and summing up prior studies, establishing a path model that represents the relationship between theoretical and logical theoretical variables to visualize the hypotheses to be tested Phase - Quantitative research, using PLS-SEM as a data analysis tool including preliminary research and research 3.2.3 3.2.3.1 Qualitative research Process and methods In the qualitative research phase, we conducted a review of the theory from the published studies The results of the qualitative research phase are presented in Chapter 1, Chapter 2, and in Chapter 14 3.2.3.2 Design theoretical model A model for measuring the success of accounting information systems in Vietnamese enterprises A model for measuring the success of an accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises is proposed based on Gable et al (2003); The concept of success of an accounting information system is the reflective second-order construct with first-order constructs including AIS Quality, Accounting Information Quality, and Individual Impact Factors affecting AIS success in Vietnamese enterprises Factors affecting the success of the accounting information system include user characteristics, project characteristics, managerial support, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, using the accounting information system Theoretical model, research hypothesis on factors affecting the success of accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises This section presents the theoretical model, the hypothesis of the thesis 3.2.3.3 Research concepts’ measurement scales The scale of research concepts is inherited from prior studies and is detailed in the thesis 3.2.4 3.2.4.1 Quantitative research Research process Quantitative research phase includes – evaluation of measurement models and assessing results The PLS-SEM data analysis technique is used to evaluate indicator reliability, convergence validity, discriminant validity; and test hypotheses, role of medians variables in the model and predictive power of the model 3.2.4.2 Data and data collection methods 15 Phase one - Preliminary research, collected data used to assess the indicator reliability through internal consistency criteria is demonstrated by the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and rhoA coefficient Then, the scale is evaluated for convergence validity through outer loadings of the indicators and the average variance extracted (AVE) Evaluate the discriminant validity through the HTMT criterion, the Fornell-Larcker criterion, and the cross-loadings At the end of this period, the measurement model, structural model and scale were adjusted Phase 2, scale and model after adjustment are used for testing With the official data, reliability, convergence validity, discriminant validity are analyzed and re-evaluated again to ensure the value of the study, then we conduct the analysis the model with the data collected, testing common method bias, and evaluation of the structural model CHAPTER 4: ASSESSING RESULTS; EVALUATION MODEL AND DISCUSSING RESULTS 4.1 Introduce Chapter presents: (1) preliminary study, (2) formal study; (3) verify the suitability of the measurement model; and (4) test the theoretical model through PLS-SEM analysis 4.2 Preliminary study With the data collected, the reliability of the scale was estimated using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the composite reliability and rhoA reliability coefficient The scale value is evaluated including the convergence validity, the discriminant validity Based on the results of the analysis, the thesis adjusted the measure of AIS's success model before the formal study 4.3 Formal study 4.3.1 Sample 16 Data collected 405 samples Statistics detailed in the thesis 4.3.2 Research process This section provides a brief overview of research process and procedures 4.3.3 Evaluation of Measurement Models The scale is evaluated through Cronbach's alpha coefficients α, ρA, composite reliability; convergence validity is estimated using the outer loadings and the average variance extracted To evaluate the statistical significance of the data, the data was bootstrap 2,000 times The results of assurance of reliability and validity, the indexes are statistically significant 4.3.3.1 Common Method Bias Test Thesis conducted the CMB test through three techniques: (1) Harman's single factors analysis; (2) Common latent factor test; (3) Marking techniques The results showed that CMB was insignificant 4.3.3.2 Model fit Model fit measure used SRMR with a threshold of 0.08, RMStheta coefficient with a threshold 0.12 Analytical results show that there is a high correlation between the model and the data collected in the thesis 4.3.4 4.3.4.1 Evaluation of the structural model Multi-collinearity Test The analysis results show that overall; the multi-collinearity of the model is not serious 4.3.4.2 Assess the significance and relevance of the structural model relationships The results show the mediating role of research concepts: perceived ease of use of the AIS; Perceived usefulness AIS; AIS_USED These research concepts both lend a full and partial role The total effect of independent 17 variables on dependent variables in the theoretical model clearly demonstrates the effect of indirect effects through mediating variables The total impact of PEU and PU on AIS_Success through AIS_USED has increased significantly compared to direct impact; the total effect of TMS, U_Char, and Pro_Char to AIS_Success also suggests that the transmission role of the structural components in the TAM adoption model influences the success of the AIS 4.3.4.3 Coefficient of Determination (R2 Value) Coefficient of Determination R2 evaluates the model's predictability, showing that the predictive power of the AIS success model is strong, statistically significant at