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... Uoverall = (Ufarea )air space + (Ufarea )stud and the value of the area fraction farea is 0.84 for air space and 0 .16 for the ferrings and similar structures Using the available R-values from Tables... serves as insulation, and thus reduces heat loss from the body by convection, radiation, and evaporation by serving as a resistance against heat flow and vapor flow Clothing decreases heat gain... to analyze the thermal resistance for each path separately Once the unit thermal resistances and the U-factors for the air space and stud sections are available, the overall average thermal resistance
Assumptions The electrical energy consumed by the ballasts is negligible.
Assumptions 1 The ambient temperature remains below 7.2ºC during the entire heating season (Nov.-Apr). This assumption will most likely be violated some days, and thus the result is optimistic. 2 The balance point temperature is 18ºC so that no heating is required at temperatures above 18ºC.