Handbook of plastic foams 1995 landrock

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Handbook of plastic foams 1995   landrock

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... era of plastics began with the appearance of plastic foams This period might be called the Plastic Foam Age.” Plastic foams can be called expanded plastics, cellular plastics or foamed plastics,... Spraying of foams Extrusion of foams using expandable beads or pellets Injection molding of expandable beads or pellets Rotational casting of foams Frothing of foams, either by introduction of air... preparation of thermoset foams (e.g polyurethane foams) 8 Handbook of Plastic Foams of The “electrical double layer” effect, i.e the orientation electrical charge on each film surface due to the use of

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Mục lục

  • Title Page

  • Contents

  • 1. INTRODUCTION TO FOAMS AND FOAM FORMATION

    • Introduction

    • CFC Effects and Alternatives

    • Fundamentals of Foam Formation

    • References

  • 2. THERMOSETTING FOAMS

    • Introduction

    • Isocyanate-Based Foams

      • Raw Materials for Isocyanate-Based Foams

      • Polyurethane Foams

      • Flexible Urethane Foams

      • Slabstock Foams

      • Molded Flexible Urethane Foams

      • Microcellular Urethane Elastomers

      • Integral-Skin Flexible Urethane Foams

      • Flame Retardant Flexible Foams

      • Non-CFC-Blown Flexible Urethane Foams

      • Viscoelastic Foams and Energy-Absorbing Foams

      • Polyolefinic-Polyol-Based Flexible Foams

      • Semi-Rigid (or Semi-Flexible) Foams

      • Rigid Urethane Foams

      • Miscellaneous Urethane Foams

      • Polyisocyanurate Foams

      • Polyurea Foams

      • Polycarbodiimide Foams

      • Polyoxazolidone Foams

      • Polyimide Foams

      • Polyamide Foams

      • References for Isocyanate-Based Foams

    • Pyranyl Foams

      • Chemistry of Pyranyl Foams

      • Raw Materials

      • Foam Preparation

      • Properties of Pyranyl Foams

      • Possible Applications

      • Advantages of Pyranyl Foams

      • Disadvantages of Pyranyl Foams

      • References for Pyranyl Foams

    • Syntactic Foams

      • Preparation of Hollow Microspheres

      • Matrix Resins

      • Preparation of Syntactic Foams

      • Properties of Syntactic Foams

      • Applications

      • References for Syntactic Foams

    • Foamed Composites

      • Raw Materials

      • Blowing Agents

      • Surfactants

      • Preparation of Foamed Composites

      • Physical Properties

      • Applications

      • References for Foamed Composites

    • Phenolic Foams

      • Chemistry

      • Raw Materials

      • Foaming Processes and Facilities

      • Properties

      • Demand and Applications

      • References for Phenolic Foams

  • 3. THERMOPLASTIC FOAMS

    • Introduction

    • Structural Foams (Rigid Foams)

      • Structural-Foam Types

      • Additional Rigid-Foam Types

    • Semi-Rigid Foams

      • Polyolefin Foams

      • Polystyrene Foams (Low-Density)

      • Vinyl Foams

      • Miscellaneous Foams

    • References

  • 4. ELASTOMERIC FOAMS

    • Introduction

      • General

      • Sponge Rubber

      • Cellular Rubber

      • Comparison of Cellular-Rubber Products

    • Types of Elastomeric Foams

      • Neoprene

      • Silicone Foams

    • References

  • 5. MISCELLANEOUS AND SPECIALTY FOAMS:

    • Epoxy Foams

    • Polyester Foams

    • Silicone Foams

    • Urea-Formaldehyde (UF) Foams

    • Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Foams

    • Polyimide Foams

    • Polyphosphazene Foams

    • Syntactic Foams

    • References

  • 6. SOLVENT CEMENTING AND ADHESIVE BONDING OF FOAMS

    • Introduction

    • Solvent Cementing

      • Thermoplastic Foam Substrates

    • Adhesive Bonding

      • Thermoplastic Foam Substrates

    • References

  • 7. ADDITIVES, FILLERS AND REINFORCEMENTS

    • Introduction

    • Antistats (Antistatic Agents)

    • Blowing Agents Foaming Agents)

      • General

      • General Production Methods for Blowing Foams

      • Chemical Blowing Agents (CBAs)

      • Physical Blowing Agents

      • Chlorofluorocarbon Liquids (CFCs)

    • Catalysts

      • General

      • Rigid Urethane Foams

      • Flexible Urethane Foams

    • Fire Retardants (Flame Retardants)

      • General

      • Additive Fire Retardants

      • Reactive Fire Retardants

      • Uses of Fire Retardants in Specific Foam Types

    • Mold-Release Agents (Parting Agents)

      • General

      • External Mold Releases

    • Nucleating Agents (Nucleators)

    • Reinforcements

      • Urethane Foams

      • Thermoplastic Structural Foams

    • Stabilizers

    • Surfactants

      • General

      • Flexible Foam Surfactants

      • Rigid Foam Snrfactants

    • References

  • 8. METHODS OF MANUFACTURE

    • Introduction

    • Molding

      • Reaction Injection Molding (RIM)

      • Liquid Injection Molding (LIM)

      • Slabstock Molding (Free-Rise Foaming)

    • Spraying

    • Frothing

    • Laminating

    • Structural Foam Preparation

      • Structural Foam Molding

      • Structural Foam Extrusion

    • Syntactic Foam Preparation

    • Foam-in-Place (Foam-in-Bag) Techniques

    • References

  • 9. SOURCES OF INFORMATION

    • Introduction

    • Journals and Other Periodicals

    • Books

    • Conferences, Proceedings, Technical Bulletins, and Technical Reports

  • 10. TEST METHODS

    • Introduction

    • Compilation of Standard Test Methods

    • Discussion of Selected Test Methods

      • Combustion Properties (Fiammability) (Smoke Evolution)

      • Compression/Deflection Properties

      • Fatigue

      • Fragmentation (Friability) (Dusting)

      • Flexibility (of Cushioning Materials)

      • Flexural Properties

      • Fungal Resistance

      • Hydrolytic Stability

      • Impact Strength (Brittle Strength)

      • Open-Cell Content

      • Resilience (Ball-Rebound Test)

      • Tear Resistance (Tear Strength)

      • Tension Test

      • Water Absorption

      • Water-Vapor Transmission

    • Special Non-Standardized Test Methods

      • Thermal Analysis

    • References

  • 11. STANDARDIZATION DOCUMENTS

    • Introduction

    • Industry Standards

      • American Society for Testing and Materials

      • ASTM Practices, Definitions, Abbreviations, Guides, Classifications, etc.

      • Underwriters Laboratories (UL)

      • Military Specifications

    • Military Standards

    • Military Handbooks

    • Federal Specifications

      • Federal Standards

      • British Standards

    • IS0 Standards

    • References

  • Glossary

  • Index

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