MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES GRADUATION PAPER NGUYEN THI XUYEN AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF PARTS & FROM THE 2015’S ANNUAL REPORT OF WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION - UNWTO Code Course : K19.701 : 2013 - 2017 DA NANG – May 2017 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES GRADUATION PAPER NGUYEN THI XUYEN AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF PARTS & FROM THE 2015’S ANNUAL REPORT OF WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION - UNWTO Code Course : K19.701 : 2013 - 2017 SUPERVISOR: M.A TRAN THI THO ACKNOWLEDGEMENT  In the completion of this graduation paper, I would like to express my special thanks to my supervisor, the teachers of the Department of Foreign Languages, my parents, and my friends First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Tran Thi Tho, M.A, who enthusiastically provides me with useful advice on every problem, invaluable critical feedbacks and encouragement for accomplishment of the report Without her guidance and valuable comments, I could hardly finish this graduation paper Second, I would like to sincerely thank the leadership and the teachers of the Department of Foreign Languages for providing useful knowledge sources and directing me during my four academic years Finally, I am indebted to my family members and my friends who were always beside me and supported me during my research completion I hope to receive the sympathy from teachers because of the shortcomings in this graduation I wish all of you good health and success! Yours sincerely! STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP  There had not been any published Vietnamese edition of the book containing the translated chapter until I started working on my graduation paper My graduation paper also doesn’t copy any parts of content in other graduation papers in any universities It uses information from other chapters in the same book Any source of references is cited and acknowledged in the REFERENCES This graduation paper has not been submitted for award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Danang, May 4th, 2017 NGUYEN THI XUYEN ABSTRACT  This graduation paper is about Tourism field I translate chapter & (from English into Vietnamese) named: “IMPROVING TOURISM COMPETITIVENESS & TOURISM –A TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” of the report: “THE 2015'S ANNUAL REPORT OF WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION – UNWTO” Besides, I also analyze some necessary issues such as vocabulary and structure in this chapter In addition, through this graduation paper, I myself find out some difficulties that I and other students fell confused in Tourism translation and put forward some effective solutions ABBREVIATIONS  SL: source language and TL: target language Etc : et cetera CA/TBD: Châu Á/Thái Bình Dương P : page TCDLTG: Tổ chức du lịch giới TTNCKTDLTC: Trung tâm nghiên cứu kinh tế du lịch toàn cầu GTERC: Global Tourism Economy Research Centre DMO: Destination Management Organization NTO: National Tourism Organization NTA: National Tourism Administration MCCI: Meetings, Congresses, Conventions and Incentives TCQLĐĐ: Tổ chức quản lí điểm đến CTS: Committee on Tourism and Sustainability UBDLVPTBV: Uỷ ban du lịch phát triển bền vững TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .i STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP .ii ABSTRACT iii ABBREVIATIONS .iv PART A: INTRODUCTION 1 Rationale Aims and Objectices .2 Scope of the study 3.1 Text Features 3.2 The Text Length 3.3 The Text Organization 3.4 The Text Source Methodology of the study .3 Organization of the study .4 PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND .5 1.1 Translation Theory .5 1.1.1 Concepts of translation 1.1.2 Rules of translation 1.2 Principles and Methods of Translation 1.2.1 Principles 1.2.2 Methods of Translation CHAPTER 2: SUGGESTED TRANSLATION 13 CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS 46 3.1 Vocabulary 46 3.1.1 Multi – meaning words .46 3.2.2 Specific terms of tourism 51 3.2.3 Word compounds with no dictionary equivalences .54 3.2 STRUCTURES .57 3.2.1 Complex structures 57 3.2.2 Structures with passive voice 64 CHAPTER 4: DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 68 4.1 Difficulties .68 4.2 Solutions 69 PART C: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS .71 Conclusion 71 Suggestions .71 2.1 Implications for Learners 71 2.2 Implications for teaching 72 REFERENCES 74 SUPERVISOR’S COMMENTS PART A: INTRODUCTION Rationale Along with the development of science and technology, living standards of people have improved Tourism needs of people are more and more increasing The economy development contributed to create conditions for tourism development Since tourism valued and developed, the tourism competition of the countries in the world has increased fiercely Especially, in 2015 tourism continued to be a driver key of the global economic recovery, and a vital contributor to job creation, poverty alleviation, environmental protection and multicultural peace and understanding across the globe And I chose the report "UNWTO annual report 2015" of the UNWTO (United Nation World Tourism Organization) to translate, especially chapter "Improving tourism competitiveness” and Chapter "Tourism – a tool for sustainable development", it has showed exactly that Tourism has developed around the world The number of tourists increases every year That makes the background motivation for tourism development of more advanced countries Besides, I also would like to introduce this report to Vietnamese readers and especially the tourists know how tourism in 2015 changed, and also to help travel companies in the world as well as domestic businesses understand the situation on the world tourism in 2015 That is why I chose this text to translate I hope it can bring good knowledges for you and all the readers Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 68 3.2.2 Structures with passive voice The passive voice is used when we want to emphasize the action (the verb) and the object of a sentence rather than subject It’s hard to find Vietnamese equivalent meaning because in Vietnamese rarely use the passive voice Because of this reason, I got a lot of troubles when translating the sentences with passive voice To deal with Passive Voice, I have three ways to translate this kind of sentence First, I deal with Passive voice sentence by transfering it into active and translate Second, I will translate this sentence as Passive structure Last way, I deal with this sentence by deleting Passive voice structure in sentence in my translation Example 26 The second UNWTO/GTERC Annual Report 2015 on Asia Tourism Trends, published by UNWTO with the support of the Global Tourism Economy Research Centre (GTERC), was presented at the 4th Global Tourism Economy Forum in Macao, China (P.15) In this sentence, the verb “present” is used in passive voice I decided to translate this sentence with its original structure – passive voice I feel its meaning is still natural and smooth in our Vietnamese, so I don’t change this structure or delete it My suggested version is: “Báo cáo thường niên năm 2015 lần thứ hai TCDLTG/TTNCKTDLTC xu hướng du lịch châu Á xuất TCDLTG với hỗ trợ Trung tâm Nghiên cứu Kinh tế Du lịch Tồn cầu (TTNCKTDLTC) trình bày Diễn đàn kinh tế du l ịch toàn cầu lần thứ tư Macao, Trung Quốc.” Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 69 Example 27 An international seminar based on this 2015 edition was organized by UNWTO, the European Travel Commission (ETC) and Visit Flanders to help tourism professionals take full advantage of the opportunities in the MCCI industry (June 2015) (P.17) The structure of this passive voice sentence is: BE + PAST PARTICIPLE If I translate passive voice the sentence into Vietnamese as “m ột hội th ảo quốc tế dựa ấn phẩm 2015 tổ chức ”, it will make the sentence sound unnatural Hence, I decided to transfer the passive structure to active one with this sentence My suggested version is: “Tổ chức du lịch giới Ủy ban Du lịch châu Âu vùng Flander tổ chức h ội th ảo qu ốc t ế d ựa ấn phẩm 2015 vào tháng năm 2015 để giúp chuyên gia du l ịch tận dụng hội ngành hội họp, Đại hội, hội ngh ị toàn qu ốc khen thưởng.” Example 28 It was organized by the Puerto Rico Tourism Authority in collaboration with UNWTO and the Centre for Cooperative Research in Tourism (CICtourGUNE) and within the conceptual framework of the International Network on Regional Economics Mobility and Tourism (INRouTe) (P.23) The passive form of this sentence is: BE + PAST PARTICIPLE In the sentence, the verb “organize” is used in passive voice I decided to translate this sentence with its original structure – passive voice I feel its meaning is still natural and smooth in our Vietnamese after I don’t change this structure or delete it Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 70 My suggested version is: “Hội nghị tổ chức cục Du lịch Puerto Rico phối hợp với TCDLTG Trung tâm nghiên cứu h ợp tác du l ịch, khuôn khổ khái niệm Mạng lưới quốc tế du lịch biến đổi kinh tế khu vực” Example 29 The event was hosted by the Committee on Statistics of the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan (P.25) The structure of this passive voice sentence is: BE + PAST PARTICIPLE If I translate passive voice the sentence into Vietnamese as “S ự ki ện tổ chức ”, it will make the sentence sound unnatural Thus, I decided to transfer the passive structure to active one with this sentence to translate easier My suggested version is: “Sự kiện Ủy ban Thống kê Bộ Kinh tế quốc gia Cộng hòa Kazakhstan tổ chức.” Example 30 The information from the signatories on the Code’s implementation and promotion will be gathered by UNWTO and reported to the World Committee on Tourism Ethics, as well as to the UN General Assembly (P.37) The structure of this passive voice sentence is: MODAL VERB+ BE + PAST PARTICIPLE If we translate the sentence into Vietnamese by literal method, we will have “Thông tin từ bên ký kết việc thực thúc đẩy lu ật thu thập ” This sentence sounds unnaturally and unfamiliar to Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 71 Vietnamese so I decide to change this sentence into active voice to translate easier My suggested version is: “TCDLTG thu thập thông tin từ bên ký kết việc thực thúc đẩy luật báo cáo đến Ủy ban Th ế giới đạo đức du lịch, đến Đại hội Liên H ợp Quốc.” Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 72 CHAPTER 4: DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 4.1 Difficulties During years at the Department of Foreign Languages at Duy Tan University, I learnt a lot of useful knowledge Specifically, I was taught about professional skills, strong theoretical background as well as development of practicalness However, through my graduation paper, I realized that I just learned a small part in large knowledge Although I had a lot of sources to consult, I had met a lot of difficulties when conducting my work in this translation Besides, there was many problems I had to face to complete my graduation paper Firstly, I had met many difficulties of lexical problems I realized that I lack of vocabulary in both SL and TL And I spent much time to understand and translate them My major is English Translation and Interpretation, I only study about translation theory and practices but not Tourism knowledge, so sometimes I did have enough ability to understand and translate correctly several expressions of the text I translated about the tourism field which has many specialized terms that confuse for readers, so I had to find out and analyze it thoroughly Moreover, there appeared polysemous words, compound words and the special words/phrases This also made me confused when translating In addition, lacking of Vietnamese lexis also resulted in clumsily expressing an idea into Vietnamese, even having no expression although I understood the author’s one Therefore, vocabulary is a very important factor to understand and translate Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 73 Besides the vocabulary, the structure was also a part that made me encounter a lot of difficulties I had to carefully study difficult structures There was many complex structures and phrases that were very hard or even obscure to analyse in this text In particular, I had to supplement my knowledge of tourism so much to be able to understand my subject When I want to understand a phrase or abbreviated words of organizations, I need to find out information about it on Internet resources, articles or travel books, etc to understand its content Moreover, expression of meaning of the passive structures or the relative clauses smoothly was also a big problem for me The difference in the custom of using language, especially source language influence is an important thing that a translator must focus on It took me a quite long time to move on to the active meaning so that the sentence was more smooth and easy to understand In short, although I am a Vietnamese, I faced troubles in expressing the ideas of the original to the target version because of my limited knowledge in Vietnamese, I tried to complete my granduation paper, so I had to consult the opinion of many people mastering in languages 4.2 Solutions During the process of doing my granduation paper, I had confronted to a lot of difficulties Therefore, the important thing was seeking good solutions to overcome them; it helped me enhance translation skill, got more experience and become a good translator Here was several solutions that I followed Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 74 First, I found and read several books and articles related to the field of Tourism, thereby I had more useful knowledge about this field, then understanding ideas of the text became easier I also referred to some thesis of the predecessors in the library as well as search the Internet to find ways to solve the problems Secondly, I used many kinds of dictionaries, such as: English - Vietnamese dictionary of Linguistic Institute, Lac Viet dictionary, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, Lingoes Essential Dictionary, etc to find out the best meanings of vocabulary If it was too difficult, I will ask for the opinion of counselor to improve my translating Thirdly, with the difficult and complex structures, I consulted many books about the thematic structure and grammar such as Longman English Grammar Practice (L.G Alexander), Understanding and Using English (Betty Schrampfer Azar - Stacy A Hagen),…Besides, I would ask advises of my friends, my teachers Whenever I was trouble with difficult expressions, I discussed with my roommates and my friends when I finished my paper, I also asked them if they could understand my translated version This is really a good way that I could use to improve my paper’s quality Moreover, I also consulted my supervisor’s idea or referred those terminologies, expressions and structures on the Internet Finally, in the translation process, translators must usually face up with many challenges and I was not an exception I also had a lot of difficulties when translating this text I myself tried more and more to complete my graduation paper Moreover, I always encouraged myself and arranged Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 75 my time to relax to have a good health and to complete my graduation paper of my student life PART C: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS Conclusion In conclusion, through the process of making graduation paper, I have improved a lot and translation skills are more useful knowledge I think students should practice in translating more and many diffrent subjects such as scientific translation, economic translation, social translations, tourism translations Because it will provide more knowledge for graduation paper as well as their own translation skills Besides, I know that I had many shortcomings in this field, I need to improve the structural lexical analysis skills to translate more perfectly In addition, I also need to add my native language knowledge to translate sentences more fluently Moreover, when you study a certain field, you must have the specific knowledge about it, because it plays an important part to get an exact translation Having specific knowledge will help translators to translate exactly This is one of the important experience which I learned from my translation process Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 76 Although my graduation paper still has many mistakes about grammar, syntax, as well as the way to translate, I have learnt many experiece from it I know how to read a text, analyze a sentence as well as deal with the problems in the original text to have a good suggested version I know I have to practice more to enhance translating skill in the future because it is essential for my work later Suggestions 2.1 Implications for Learners I think patience is an essential tool for a successful translator To have necessary language skills up to professional translator is not a task that can be accomplished in a few short years Only trying best with a lot of sustained hard work, you can truly succeed in such challenging and exciting field Besides, when translating a text from one language into another, learners have to thoroughly understand the meaning of the vocabulary to choose the most understandable meaning for the readers Moreover, the learners should focus on the mother tongue In many cases, although the learners can understand all the ideas that the author expressing, they can’t express the ideas into Vietnamese Thus, we have to be good at our mother tongue to translate more naturally, smoothly The learners should read the whole text at least twice: the first reading is for general comprehension, to become acquainted with the topic and to understand the original, always bearing in mind that meaning is context- Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 77 determined The second one must be a “deep” reading, placing emphasis on items where translation problems may appear In other words, this is what I have called “reading with translation intention” It helps translators to underline the unknown terms, and then they should confront potential – translation difficulties in the text with suitable translation procedure 2.2 Implications for teaching Besides the suggestions for learners, I also have some suggestions to for Duy Tan University in general and Department of Foreign Language in particular and English teachers First of all, the department should increase the time of translation courses for students to practice skills, improve the knowledge and advance their translating ability Secondly, I think that teachers need to explain the aim at learning and the role of translation, so that students can have an overview in this field and be aware of their learning with enthusiastic attitude Thirdly, teachers help learners to build a basic knowledge of grammatical structures, theory translation and ways of analysis and comparison in both SL and TL This will become a foundation for students to learn translation better and more effectively Finally, teachers should require students to have the analyzing habit on reading any English sentence as well as create more and more chances for students to promote their ability Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 78 In conclusion, I hope that my ideas and implications will be useful for learners and teachers at DTU Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_1920316267 79 REFERENCES VIETNAMESE: Mai Lan Hương, Hà Thanh Uyên (2013), Giải thích ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh, Nxb Đà Nẵng ENGLISH Duong Bach Nhat, Effective Writing Nguyen Manh Quang, Translation Theory DICTIONARIES: Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary (1995), Cambridge University Press Longman dictionary (1978) Lacviet dictionary (2002), Vietnam Oxford dictionary (1948), Oxford University Free dictionary INTERNET: https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki http://grammar-monster.com/glossary/compound_sentence.htm http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-complex-sentence- examples-lesson-quiz.html Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_ 1920316267 80 https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english- grammar/clause-phrase-and-sentence/verb-patterns/relative-clauses https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/instrument Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_ 1920316267 81 Supervisor: Tran Thi Tho Nguyen Thi Xuyen_ 1920316267 SUPERVISOR’S COMMENTS: ... translated chapter until I started working on my graduation paper My graduation paper also doesn’t copy any parts of content in other graduation papers in any universities It uses information from other... This graduation paper has not been submitted for award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Danang, May 4th, 2017 NGUYEN THI XUYEN ABSTRACT  This graduation paper is about... of the report Without her guidance and valuable comments, I could hardly finish this graduation paper Second, I would like to sincerely thank the leadership and the teachers of the Department